the transition from emergency to development Dominick de Waal, - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Delivering water supply and sanitation in fragile states: the transition from emergency to development

Dominick de Waal, Water and Sanitation Program

• Regional trends in water supply?
• What can post conflict/crisis states

adopt from successful ?

• What is different about working in

post conflict/crisis states ?

Overview of presentation

Fragile states have made least progress …

… While some low income stable countries lead the way

Extending the reach and rate of WSS service delivery through combining:  Effective sector reform with  Linking the WSS sector to core country systems

 National planning  Budget and expenditure management  Procurement management  Human resource management and civil service reform  Decentralized service delivery capacity

Low income stable countries have the strongest service delivery pathways

Country Status Overview Scorecard

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 Resource Rich LIC-NonFragile LIC-Fragile

Stable R

Strong Weak Enabling services Developing services Sustaining services

Initiate a community of practice with 3 aims

• 1. Enhance WSS sector actors understanding of

'core' country systems

• 2. Enhance core country systems actors

understanding of the needs of the WSS sector

• 3. Chart a transition pathway from emergency to

development for the sector in each country

Five ‘constituencies’ involved in initial conference

Country WSS actors Country public finance actors ESA WSS specialists ESA public finance specialists Countries that have successfully transitioned

Country WSS actors Country public finance actors ESA WSS specialists ESA public finance specialists Countries that have successfully transitioned

CAR, DRC, Haiti, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Zimbabwe Ethiopia, Rwanda, Uganda, ADA, AfDB, ECHO, Norad, UNDP, UNICEF, USAID, WaterAid, WSP, World Bank World Bank, UNDP, USAID Ministries of water and health Ministries of finance and local government

Opportunities to accelerate sector transition

• 1. Build on the strengths of fragile states
• 2. Provide sector leadership with examples of transition

trajectories

• 3. Initiate dialogue between line ministries responsible for

WSS and ministries managing core country systems

• 4. Use aid modalities to promote linkages between the

WSS sector and country systems

10

Political will Public financial management

Low WSS line-ministry capacity

Decentralized government Civil society Local private sector

• 1. Build on the strengths of

fragile states

• 2. Provide sector leadership with examples
• f transition trajectories

Ethiopia

1995 2005 2015

Ethiopia Social Rehabilitation and Development Fund (ESRDF) 1996-2004

Timeline Emergency responses Country-led program

Ethiopia

2010 2000 Interventions

Sector policy update WB project preparation

–

WB project builds capacity of regions for RWSS Donor harmonization Decentralization of HR capacity to regional water bureaus Shift to multilateral programs since 2000 National PRS, decentralization to regions and PFM reform Roll out of IBEX Increasing budget allocations to RWS from block grants Block grants to regions Bilateral RWSS projects in the 90s

RWS coverage increased: Gov : 15 % in 1994 to 53.9 % in 2008 JMP : 8% in 1990 to 26% in 2008

• 3. Initiate dialogue between WSS and core

country systems ministries early

• The capacity conundrum
• Can influence policy and institutional formation while it is still in flux.
• Investment in core country systems is more than enabling countries to

better manage fiduciary risk.

• Equally important is re-linking financial management with the political and

policy processes and service delivery systems Many of the problems of WSS sector development are symptoms of the lack of dialogue between the WSS sector and the Ministry of Finance – resolving these requires sustained dialogue between these two sets of actors. John Davis, Accountant General for Liberia

• 4. Use aid modalities to promote linkages

between WSS sector and country systems

• Choice and use of aid modalities is critical because international

engagement is often extensive post-crisis

• Nature of aid modalities during early recovery has a major impact on

later modalities and the development of country systems.

• ‘Developing capacity by using it’ calls for taking initial risk and

working in partnership with countries to:

• link incremental improvements in country implementation capacity
• incremental increases in the amounts of funds being channelled

through country systems.

Priorities for facilitating the transition from emergency to development

Emergency

Country

• led

program

Development Recovery Reconstruction

Emergency

Country

• led

program

Development Recovery Reconstruction

Sierra Leone - development

• Extent and functionality of

sector coverage limited. Need to map infrastructure to update sector status.

• Strong PFM systems but

limited donor WSS funding channeled through them

• Request DPs to stream

funding through though government systems

What is different about WSS development in fragile states?

• Same goals different ways of getting there …
• Locus of authority – Need to reestablish the locus of public authority
• Volatility - Be opportunistic about putting sector building blocks in place
• Human capacity – Absolute deficits of trained personnel: engineers,

PFM, procurement, contract management, community mobilization

• Build in resilience - Shocks, internal or external, can easily pull country

systems and the WSS sector back down the transition trajectory

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