the suffix that makes persian nouns unique
play

The Suffix that Makes Persian Nouns Unique Masoud Jasbi Leila - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Jan 12, 2024 •42 likes •692 views

The Suffix that Makes Persian Nouns Unique Masoud Jasbi Leila Habibi Stanford University University of Western Ontario 1 Snapshot The nominal suffix -e in Farsi is a uniqueness marker. It makes bare nominals definitely definite! It

  1. The Suffix that Makes Persian Nouns Unique Masoud Jasbi Leila Habibi Stanford University University of Western Ontario 1

  2. Snapshot • The nominal suffix -e in Farsi is a uniqueness marker. • It makes bare nominals definitely definite! • It makes indefinites scopally specific. 2

  3. Definiteness in Persian

  4. Definiteness in Persian • No article or marker of definiteness like the in English. 3

  5. Definiteness in Persian • No article or marker of definiteness like the in English. • Two indefinite markers: i. The indefinite determiner ye. ii. The indefinite clitic -i. 3

  6. Definiteness in Persian • No article or marker of definiteness like the in English. • Two indefinite markers: i. The indefinite determiner ye. ii. The indefinite clitic -i. • Two markers that cut across the definite/indefinite classification: i. The object marker - r¯ a . ii. The suffix -e. 3

  7. Roadmap N Definite, Generic, Indefinite N-e Definite ye-N Simple Indefinite ye-N-e Singleton (Specific) Indefinite 4

  8. Roadmap N Definite, Generic, Indefinite N-e Definite ye-N Simple Indefinite ye-N-e Singleton (Specific) Indefinite • What does -e do? 4

  9. Roadmap N Definite, Generic, Indefinite N-e Definite ye-N Simple Indefinite ye-N-e Singleton (Specific) Indefinite • What does -e do? 1. N vs. N -e → The suffix makes the noun definitely definite! 4

  10. Roadmap N Definite, Generic, Indefinite N-e Definite ye-N Simple Indefinite ye-N-e Singleton (Specific) Indefinite • What does -e do? 1. N vs. N -e → The suffix makes the noun definitely definite! 2. ye-N vs. ye-N -e → The suffix makes the noun scopally specific. 4

  11. Roadmap N Definite, Generic, Indefinite N-e Definite ye-N Simple Indefinite ye-N-e Singleton (Specific) Indefinite • What does -e do? 1. N vs. N -e → The suffix makes the noun definitely definite! 2. ye-N vs. ye-N -e → The suffix makes the noun scopally specific. 3. 1 & 2 → -e marks uniqueness. 4

  12. Empirical Observations

  13. Nominal Constructions N Definite, Generic, Indefinite N-e Definite ye-N Simple Indefinite ye-N-e Singleton Indefinite 5

  14. Bare Nominals Generic Example C Gen : Amir is discussing cars and their problems. He says: (1) m¯ ashin hav¯ a-ro ¯ alude mi-kon-e car air- OM polluted MI- do -3.SG “Cars pollute the air.” 6

  15. Bare Nominals Generic Example C Gen : Amir is discussing cars and their problems. He says: (1) m¯ ashin hav¯ a-ro ¯ alude mi-kon-e car air- OM polluted MI- do -3.SG “Cars pollute the air.” Indefinite Example C indef : Amir is crossing the street without checking the traffic. Leila stops him and says: (2) m¯ ashin mi-zan-e be-het car MI- hit -3.SG to- -2.SG “Some car is gonna hit you.” 6

  16. Bare Nominals Definite Example C def 1 : Amir and Leila have one car only. One day Amir comes home and says: (3) m¯ ashin xar¯ ab shod-e car broken become .PST-3.SG “The car’s broken.” 7

  17. Bare Nominals Bare Nominals in Tehrani Farsi can be definite, indefinite, or generic. 8

  18. Nominal Constructions N Definite, Generic, Indefinite N-e Definite ye-N Simple Indefinite ye-N-e Singleton Indefinite 9

  19. N-e N C Gen : Amir is discussing cars and their problems. He says: (4) m¯ ashin hav¯ a-ro ¯ alude mi-kon-e car air- -OM polluted MI- do -3.SG “Cars pollute the air.” 10

  20. N-e N C Gen : Amir is discussing cars and their problems. He says: (4) m¯ ashin hav¯ a-ro ¯ alude mi-kon-e car air- -OM polluted MI- do -3.SG “Cars pollute the air.” N-e #C Gen C def 3 : Amir shows the video of an old car with a smokey exhaust. He says: (5) m¯ ashin- e hav¯ a-ro ¯ alude mi-kon-e car- UM air- -OM polluted MI- do -3.SG “The/that car pollutes the air.” 10

  21. N-e N C indef : Amir is crossing the street without checking the traffic. Leila stops him and says: (6) m¯ ashin mi-zan-e be-het car MI- hit -3.SG to- -2.SG “A car is gonna hit you.” 11

  22. N-e N C indef : Amir is crossing the street without checking the traffic. Leila stops him and says: (6) m¯ ashin mi-zan-e be-het car MI- hit -3.SG to- -2.SG “A car is gonna hit you.” N-e #C indef C def 4 : Amir is walking in a parking lot. A car is backing out. Leila stops him and says: (7) m¯ ashin- e mi-zan-e be-het car- UM MI- hit -3.SG to- -2.SG “The/that car is gonna hit you.” 11

  23. N-e N C def 1 : Amir and Leila have one car only. One day Amir comes home and says: (8) m¯ ashin xar¯ ab shod-e car broken become .PST-3.SG “The car’s broken.” 12

  24. N-e N C def 1 : Amir and Leila have one car only. One day Amir comes home and says: (8) m¯ ashin xar¯ ab shod-e car broken become .PST-3.SG “The car’s broken.” N-e C def 1 (9) m¯ ashin- e xar¯ ab shod-e car- UM broken become .PST-3.SG “The/that car’s broken.” 12

  25. Summary Adding -e to a bare nominal makes it (definitely) definite. 13

  26. Nominal Constructions N Definite, Generic, Indefinite N-e Definite ye-N Simple Indefinite ye-N-e Singleton Indefinite 14

  27. ye N-e ye N C indef : Leila looks out the window. She says: (10) ye zan dam-e dar-e woman close- EZ door- 3.SG Indef.D “A woman is at the door.” 15

  28. ye N-e ye N C indef : Leila looks out the window. She says: (10) ye zan dam-e dar-e woman close- EZ door- 3.SG Indef.D “A woman is at the door.” ye N-e C indef : Leila looks out the window. She says: (11) ye zan-e dam-e dar-e woman- UM close- EZ door- 3.SG Indef.D “A woman is at the door.” 15

  29. Nominal Constructions What is the difference between ye-N and ye-N-e? 16

  30. Nominal Constructions What is the difference between ye-N and ye-N-e? Answer: Scope! ye-N-e always takes wide scope! 16

  31. De-re De-dicto ye N (12) Amir mi-x¯ a-d b¯ a ye doxtar ezdev¯ aj kon-e Amir MI -want- 3.SG with girl marry do- 3.SG In.D “Amir wants to marry a girl.” 17

  32. De-re De-dicto ye N (12) Amir mi-x¯ a-d b¯ a ye doxtar ezdev¯ aj kon-e Amir MI -want- 3.SG with girl marry do- 3.SG In.D “Amir wants to marry a girl.” 1. ∃ > want 2. want > ∃ 17

  33. De-re De-dicto ye N (12) Amir mi-x¯ a-d b¯ a ye doxtar ezdev¯ aj kon-e Amir MI -want- 3.SG with girl marry do- 3.SG In.D “Amir wants to marry a girl.” 1. ∃ > want 2. want > ∃ ye N-e (13) Amir mi-x¯ a-d b¯ a ye doxtar-e ezdev¯ aj kon-e Amir MI -want- 3.SG with girl- UM marry do- 3.SG In.D “Amir wants to marry a girl.” 1. ∃ > want 17

  34. Scope with the Universal Quantifier ye N (14) emruz hame be ye ost¯ ad sal¯ am kard-im today everyone to professor hello do- 1.PL Indef.D “Today everyone said hello to a professor.” 18

  35. Scope with the Universal Quantifier ye N (14) emruz hame be ye ost¯ ad sal¯ am kard-im today everyone to professor hello do- 1.PL Indef.D “Today everyone said hello to a professor.” 1. ∃ > ∀ 2. ∀ > ∃ 18

  36. Scope with the Universal Quantifier ye N (14) emruz hame be ye ost¯ ad sal¯ am kard-im today everyone to professor hello do- 1.PL Indef.D “Today everyone said hello to a professor.” 1. ∃ > ∀ 2. ∀ > ∃ ye N-e (15) emruz hame be ye ost¯ ad-e sal¯ am kard-im today everyone to professor- UM hello do- 1.PL Indef.D “Today everyone said hello to a specific professor.” 1. ∃ > ∀ 18

  37. Scope with the Universal Quantifier ye N (16) hame-ye doxtar-¯ a hame-ye eshteb¯ a-h¯ a-ye ye pesar ro tasih all- EZ girl- PL all- EZ mistake- PL - EZ boy correct Indef.D OM kard-an do- 3.PL “All the girls corrected all the mistakes of a boy.” 19

  38. Scope with the Universal Quantifier ye N (16) hame-ye doxtar-¯ a hame-ye eshteb¯ a-h¯ a-ye ye pesar ro tasih all- EZ girl- PL all- EZ mistake- PL - EZ boy correct Indef.D OM kard-an do- 3.PL “All the girls corrected all the mistakes of a boy.” 1. ∃ > ∀ > ∀ 2. ∀ > ∃ > ∀ 19

  39. Scope with the Universal Quantifier ye N (16) hame-ye doxtar-¯ a hame-ye eshteb¯ a-h¯ a-ye ye pesar ro tasih all- EZ girl- PL all- EZ mistake- PL - EZ boy correct Indef.D OM kard-an do- 3.PL “All the girls corrected all the mistakes of a boy.” 1. ∃ > ∀ > ∀ 2. ∀ > ∃ > ∀ ye N-e (17) hame-ye doxtar-¯ a hame-ye eshteb¯ a-h¯ a-ye ye pesar-e ro tasih all- EZ girl- PL all- EZ mistake- PL - EZ boy- UM correct Indef.D OM kard-an do- 3.PL “There is a boy that every girl corrected all his mistakes.” 1. ∃ > ∀ > ∀ 19

  40. Scope with Temporal Adverbials ye N (18) S¯ ar¯ a hamishe b¯ a ye pesar dav¯ a-sh mi-sh-e Sara always with boy quarrel -3.SG MI- become -3.SG Indef.D “Sara always gets into a fight with some boy.” 20

  41. Scope with Temporal Adverbials ye N (18) S¯ ar¯ a hamishe b¯ a ye pesar dav¯ a-sh mi-sh-e Sara always with boy quarrel -3.SG MI- become -3.SG Indef.D “Sara always gets into a fight with some boy.” 1. ∃ > always 2. always > ∃ 20

Download Presentation
Download Policy: The content available on the website is offered to you 'AS IS' for your personal information and use only. It cannot be commercialized, licensed, or distributed on other websites without prior consent from the author. To download a presentation, simply click this link. If you encounter any difficulties during the download process, it's possible that the publisher has removed the file from their server.

Recommend

capitalise Suffix terrorise fertilise ise suffix words are usually just created by simply

capitalise Suffix terrorise fertilise ise suffix words are usually just created by simply

This week, we are again looking at how nouns and adjectives can be changed into verbs using suffixes with spelling words such as. suffix capitalise Suffix terrorise fertilise ise suffix words are usually just created by simply adding

1.15k views • 19 slides
amplify solidify glorify However, sometimes Root words that Many ify suffix we need to

amplify solidify glorify However, sometimes Root words that Many ify suffix we need to

This week, we are again looking at how nouns and adjective root words can be changed into verbs using suffixes. For these weeks spellings, we are going to concentrate on using the suffix ify such as: amplify solidify glorify However,

618 views • 16 slides
Algorithms in Bioinformatics: A Practical Introduction Suffix tree Overview What is suffix

Algorithms in Bioinformatics: A Practical Introduction Suffix tree Overview What is suffix

Algorithms in Bioinformatics: A Practical Introduction Suffix tree Overview What is suffix tree? Simple application of suffix tree Linear time algorithm for constructing suffix tree Suffix array FM-index 1-mismatch search

1.53k views • 111 slides
WHY CHOOSE UNIQUE COTTAGES ? Unique Cottages makes it a breeze for anyone to reward themselves with

WHY CHOOSE UNIQUE COTTAGES ? Unique Cottages makes it a breeze for anyone to reward themselves with

WHY CHOOSE UNIQUE COTTAGES ? Unique Cottages makes it a breeze for anyone to reward themselves with the lifestyle theyve always dreamed of: For each of the 12 unique cottages we offer an individual architectural plan designed by Geoff George

317 views • 19 slides
1. Introduction In its complement clauses, Persian makes a three-way distinction between indicative

1. Introduction In its complement clauses, Persian makes a three-way distinction between indicative

A Semantic Analysis of Mood Selection in Complement Clauses in Persian Narges Nematollahi nnematol@indiana.edu North American Conference on Iranian Linguistics (NACIL1) April 29, 2017 1. Introduction In its complement clauses,

177 views • 7 slides
Greece & Persia ~The Persian Wars~ Cyrus the Great Led a Persian revolt against the

Greece & Persia ~The Persian Wars~ Cyrus the Great Led a Persian revolt against the

Greece & Persia ~The Persian Wars~ Cyrus the Great Led a Persian revolt against the Medes Won the revolt and gained independence for Persia This victory marks the start of the Persian Empire When he died, he ruled

442 views • 18 slides
The Persian Empire The Conquerors of Everyone Start of the Persian Empire Starts with

The Persian Empire The Conquerors of Everyone Start of the Persian Empire Starts with

The Persian Empire The Conquerors of Everyone Start of the Persian Empire Starts with Indo-European migrations Came to Persia around 1000 BCE Known as modern day Iran Land was farmable and had precious minerals for trading

572 views • 13 slides
UNCOUNTABLE nouns only have one form; e.g. work, love, food, intelligence, water, information. Most

UNCOUNTABLE nouns only have one form; e.g. work, love, food, intelligence, water, information. Most

What s in a name? More than you imagine... English nouns can be countable or uncountable COUNTABLE nouns have a singular and plural form e.g. one book / three books, one person / three people With countable nouns we can use a/an or some e.g. I

210 views • 18 slides
Approximate Pattern Matching Using Suffix Tries Hendrik Nigul nigulh@math.ut.ee University of

Approximate Pattern Matching Using Suffix Tries Hendrik Nigul nigulh@math.ut.ee University of

Approximate Pattern Matching Using Suffix Tries Hendrik Nigul nigulh@math.ut.ee University of Tartu Veskisilla, Oct 3 2004 p. 1 Overview Introduction, problem description Suffix tries What is a suffix trie How to create suffix tries

1.03k views • 99 slides
Suffix Trees Construction and Applications Joo Carreira 2008 Outline Why Suffix Trees?

Suffix Trees Construction and Applications Joo Carreira 2008 Outline Why Suffix Trees?

Suffix Trees Construction and Applications Joo Carreira 2008 Outline Why Suffix Trees? Definition Ukkonen's Algorithm (construction) Applications Why Suffix Trees? Why Suffix Trees? Asymptotically fast. Why Suffix Trees?

692 views • 68 slides
Herodotus and the Persian Wars Herodotus and the Persian Wars Herodotus is the first true

Herodotus and the Persian Wars Herodotus and the Persian Wars Herodotus is the first true

Herodotus and the Persian Wars Herodotus and the Persian Wars Herodotus is the first true historian known in Western Civilization he lived during the Classical Age of Greece (the fifth century BCE) Herodotus and the Persian Wars

439 views • 28 slides
Lecture 15: Suffix trees, suffix arrays, and their applica8ons

Lecture 15: Suffix trees, suffix arrays, and their applica8ons

Lecture 15: Suffix trees, suffix arrays, and their applica8ons Spring 2017 April 4, 2017 1 Trie A tree represen8ng a set of strings. {aeef, ad,

298 views • 29 slides
Grammar 1: Nouns and Verbs Nouns: people, places, things, ideas Verbs: action words

Grammar 1: Nouns and Verbs Nouns: people, places, things, ideas Verbs: action words

Grammar 1: Nouns and Verbs Nouns: people, places, things, ideas Verbs: action words Grammar 1: Nouns and Verbs NOUNS Nouns are things which can be touched (with the hands or the mind) people: poet, hero, warrior, Gilgamesh

177 views • 7 slides
This week, we are going to look at adding words ending in the suffix al. Can you remember what

This week, we are going to look at adding words ending in the suffix al. Can you remember what

This week, we are going to look at adding words ending in the suffix al. Can you remember what a suffix is? A suffix is a letter or group of letters added at the end of a root word that creates a new word with a different meaning. How

453 views • 14 slides
What makes Bri-sh Hops unique? Presented by Alison

What makes Bri-sh Hops unique? Presented by Alison

What makes Bri-sh Hops unique? Presented by Alison Capper, Bri-sh Hop Farmer Co-authored by Dr Peter Darby, Wye Hops Ltd 24 th March 2014:

704 views • 56 slides
Nouns, V erbs, and Sentences 98-348: Lecture 2 Nouns, verbs and sentences 98-348: Lecture 2

Nouns, V erbs, and Sentences 98-348: Lecture 2 Nouns, verbs and sentences 98-348: Lecture 2

Nouns, V erbs, and Sentences 98-348: Lecture 2 Nouns, verbs and sentences 98-348: Lecture 2 Any questions about the homework? Everyone read one word at var snimma ndvera byg goanna, er goin hfu sett Migar ok

383 views • 34 slides
decomposing generalization models of generic, habitual and episodic statements Venkata S

decomposing generalization models of generic, habitual and episodic statements Venkata S

decomposing generalization models of generic, habitual and episodic statements Venkata S Govindarajan, Benjamin Van Durme, Aaron Steven White Transactions of the ACL Volume 7, 2019 p.501-517 generalization 1 The service at that restaurant was

647 views • 63 slides
A Generic Tableau Prover and Its Integration with Isabelle Lawrence C. Paulson Computer

A Generic Tableau Prover and Its Integration with Isabelle Lawrence C. Paulson Computer

A Generic Tableau Prover and Its Integration with Isabelle Lawrence C. Paulson Computer Laboratory University of Cambridge 1 Overview of Isabelle a generic interactive prover for FOL, set theory, HOL, . . . Prolog influence: resolution

226 views • 10 slides
Applying Machine Learning to Understand Write Performance of Large-scale Parallel Filesystems

Applying Machine Learning to Understand Write Performance of Large-scale Parallel Filesystems

Applying Machine Learning to Understand Write Performance of Large-scale Parallel Filesystems Presented by Bing Xie Bing Xie, Zilong Tan, Philip Carns, Jeff Chase, Kevin Harms, Jay Lofstead, Sarp Oral, Sudharshan S. Vazhkudai, Feiyi Wang ORNL

222 views • 18 slides
s ts s r

s ts s r

s ts s r Prtts r rt ss rt rt Pr

812 views • 43 slides
A Generic Mean Field Model for Optimization in Large-scale Stochastic Systems and Applications in

A Generic Mean Field Model for Optimization in Large-scale Stochastic Systems and Applications in

A Generic Mean Field Model for Optimization in Large-scale Stochastic Systems and Applications in Scheduling Nicolas Gast Bruno Gaujal Grenoble University Knoxville, May 13th-15th 2009 N. Gast (LIG) Mean Field Optimization Knoxville 2009 1

704 views • 43 slides
GENERIC TRUSTED COMPONENT BRUNO VAVALA CMU / UL Nuno Neves Peter Steenkiste UL CMU

GENERIC TRUSTED COMPONENT BRUNO VAVALA CMU / UL Nuno Neves Peter Steenkiste UL CMU

SECURE IDENTIFICATION of ACTIVELY EXECUTED CODE on a GENERIC TRUSTED COMPONENT BRUNO VAVALA CMU / UL Nuno Neves Peter Steenkiste UL CMU IEEE/IFIP Conference on Dependable Systems & Networks (DSN16) outline Trusted Practical

663 views • 47 slides
Discovering Contextual Information from User Reviews for Recommendation Purposes Konstantin

Discovering Contextual Information from User Reviews for Recommendation Purposes Konstantin

Discovering Contextual Information from User Reviews for Recommendation Purposes Konstantin Bauman , Alexander Tuzhilin CIST November 12, 2016 Context Aware Recommender Systems Netflix can improve performance of its RS up to 3% when

218 views • 20 slides
Generic Programming in a Dependently Typed Language Generic proofs for generic programs Peter

Generic Programming in a Dependently Typed Language Generic proofs for generic programs Peter

Generic Programming in a Dependently Typed Language Generic proofs for generic programs Peter Morris pwm@cs.nott.ac.uk University of Nottingham Generic Programming in a Dependently Typed Language p. 1/12 This talk We introduce a

599 views • 45 slides

More recommend