[PPT] - The Search for Skills The Demand for H-1B Workers in U.S. Metros PowerPoint Presentation

SLIDE 1

The Search for Skills

The Demand for H-1B Workers in U.S. Metros

Washington, DC / July 18, 2012

Metropolitan Policy Program

at BROOKINGS

SLIDE 2 B R O O K I N G S | J u l y 2 1 2 1

The Search for Skills: Demand for H-1B Immigrant Workers in U.S. Metropolitan Areas

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2+ million

employer requests for H-1B visas, 2001-2011

SLIDE 3

A skilled workforce provides the foundation for metropolitan areas to transition to the Next Economy

SLIDE 4

The H-1B Program connects US employers to high-skilled workers

1 2 3 1 2 3

SLIDE 5

Metros drive demand for H-1B workers

1 2 3 1 2 3

SLIDE 6

1 2 3 1 2 3

The US must match the supply of skilled workers to metro demand

SLIDE 7

The H-1B Program connects US employers to high-skilled workers

1 2 3 1 2 3

SLIDE 8

SLIDE 9

Share of Global Engineering BAs

56%

Asia

17%

Europe

4%

United States

Source: National Science Foundation, Science and Engineering Indicators (2012)

SLIDE 10

American Competitiveness and Workforce Improvement Act of 1998

October 21, 1998

Immigration Act

f 1990

November 29, 1990

H-1B Visa Program

SLIDE 11

1

Employers apply for high-skilled worker visas to meet demand for specialty

ccupations

H-1B Visa Program: Dual Approach

SLIDE 12

H-1B Temporary Work Visas

Private Firms

Capped

Research, Non-Profit, Government Organizations

Uncapped

SLIDE 13

Private Firms

Capped

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

115,000 195,000 65,000 85,000

H-1B Cap

For Private Employers

H-1B Temporary Work Visas

SLIDE 14

High-Demand Industries and Firms

SLIDE 15

Information Technology Management Consulting Manufacturing Finance

High-Demand Industries and Firms

SLIDE 16

H-1B Temporary Work Visas

Research, Non-Profit, Government Organizations

Uncapped

SLIDE 17

H-1B Temporary Work Visas

SLIDE 18

Origin Countries of H-1B Visa Recipients

Source: Brookings Analysis of USCIS Characteristics of H-1B Speciality Occupation Workers (2012)

58.0%

India

8.8%

China

2.8%

United Kingdom

3.5%

Canada

2.8%

South Korea

2.8%

Philippines

SLIDE 19

Occupations of H-1B Visa Requests

64%

STEM Occupations

46.8%

Computer Occupations

8.2%

Engineers

36%

Non-STEM Occupations

6.4%

Healthcare Practitioners

5.7%

Financial Specialists

Source: Brookings Analysis of Department of Labor Data (2010-2011)

SLIDE 20

1

Employers apply for high-skilled worker visas to meet demand for specialty

ccupations

H-1B Visa Program: Dual Approach

2 Revenues from visa fees are invested in US workforce skills

development

SLIDE 21

$1 billion

technical skills training and STEM education, 2001-2011

Employment and Training Administration Department of Labor National Science Foundation

H-1B Visa Program: Skills Training

SLIDE 22

$628 million

technical skills training, 2001-2011

Employment and Training Administration Department of Labor National Science Foundation

H-1B Visa Program: Skills Training

SLIDE 23

$357 million

STEM education, 2001-2011

Employment and Training Administration Department of Labor National Science Foundation

H-1B Visa Program: Skills Training

SLIDE 24

Metros drive demand for H-1B workers

1 2 3 1 2 3

SLIDE 25

H-1B Requests

91%

Workers

67%

High-Demand H-1B Metros

106 Metropolitan Areas

Metros Concentrate H-1B Requests

SLIDE 26

New York Los Angeles San Francisco San Jose Washington Chicago Boston Dallas Houston Seattle

Metros With Greatest Number of H-1B Applications

SLIDE 27

San Francisco San Jose Seattle Trenton Bloomington (IL) Columbus (IN) Durham Bridgeport New York Washington

Metros With Highest H-1B Intensity

Note: Intensity represents applications per 1,000 workers

SLIDE 28

Metro Profiles

Rochester, MN San Jose Columbus, IN New York

SLIDE 29

Metro Profile

San Jose, CA

San Jose

87%

STEM

Computer Occupations Engineers Business Operations Specialists

14,926

H-1B visa requests

17.1

H-1B intensity

requests per 1,000 workers

Occupations Top Employers Requesting H-1Bs

3%

Uncapped

Applications

SLIDE 30

Metro Profile

New York, NY

52%

STEM

Occupations Computer Occupations Financial Specialists Business Operations Specialists

52,921

H-1B visa requests

6.3

H-1B intensity

requests per 1,000 workers

Applications Top Employers Requesting H-1Bs

6%

Uncapped

New York

SLIDE 31

Metro Profile

Columbus, IN

89%

STEM

Occupations Computer Occupations Engineers

629

H-1B visa requests

14.6

H-1B intensity

requests per 1,000 workers

Applications Top Employers Requesting H-1Bs

1%

Uncapped

SLIDE 32

Metro Profile

Rochester, MN

58%

STEM

Occupations Health Practitioners Life Scientists

278

H-1B visa requests

2.6

H-1B intensity

requests per 1,000 workers

Applications Top Employers Requesting H-1Bs

71%

Uncapped

SLIDE 33

1 2 3 1 2 3

The US must match the supply of skilled workers to metro demand

SLIDE 34

Increasing responsiveness to fluctuations in H-1B demand

SLIDE 35

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

115,000 195,000 65,000 85,000 380,320 404,907 336,309

H-1B

CAP

H-1B

EMPLOYER DEMAND Estimated

Increasing Responsiveness to Fluctuations in H-1B Demand

307,131 220,731

SLIDE 36

Standing Commission on Labor & Immigration

SLIDE 37

H-1B Panel

Business Demography Economics Immigration Experts

Employment & Training Administration Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics National Science Board National Science Foundation

Business Research Organization

Standing Commission on Labor & Immigration

SLIDE 38

H-1B Panel

Business Demography Economics Immigration Experts

Employment & Training Administration Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics National Science Board National Science Foundation

Business Research Organization

Standing Commission on Labor & Immigration

SLIDE 39

Increasing responsiveness to fluctuations in H-1B demand Matching skills training to metro needs

SLIDE 40

$628 million

technical skills training, 2001-2011

Matching Skills Training to Metro Needs

SLIDE 41

$628 million

technical skills training, 2001-2011

High-Demand H-1B Metros

$3.09

Low-Demand H-1B Metros

$15.26

Technical Skills Training

Per-Capita Expenditures

Matching Skills Training to Metro Needs

SLIDE 42

High-Demand H-1B Metros

$3.09

Low-Demand H-1B Metros

$15.26

Technical Skills Training

Per-Capita Expenditures

Matching Skills Training to Metro Needs

San Jose

$2.07

New York

$1.06

Columbus, IN

$0.00

Rochester, MN

$0.00

SLIDE 43

Employment & Training Administration Department of Labor

Federal Government Target skills training in high H-1B demand metros Metro Leaders Collaborate to apply for H-1B technical skill grants

SLIDE 44

Kansas Engineering Excellence Project

Wichita, KS

$5 million skills training grant

Aligned to aviation and aerospace cluster

Wichita

SLIDE 45

www.brookings.edu/metro/h1b

Metro H-1B Data Profiles

106 High-Demand Metros

SLIDE 46

The Search for Skills

The Demand for H-1B Workers in U.S. Metros

Washington, DC / July 19, 2012

Metropolitan Policy Program

at BROOKINGS