The Periodic Table 1 Arranged into Columns called GROUPS or - PDF document

The Periodic Table 1

Arranged into Columns called GROUPS or FAMILIES (the columns go up and down) and Rows called PERIODS (rows go right and left) 2

Groups numbered left to right 1 2 H He Hydrogen Helium in roman numerals 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Li Be B C N O F Ne Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin 55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn Cesium Barium Lanthanum Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Iridium Platinum Gold 87 88 89 104 105 106 107 108 109 Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Francium Radium Actinium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium 3

Groups or Families (columns) ­ Go up and down ­ numbered left ­> right in Roman numerals ­Every element in the Group has the same number of electrons in their outer shells. Or, we say, VALENCE ELECTRONS 4

For groups 1A through 8A, the group number is equal to the number of valence electrons 5

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Periods numbered top to 1 2 H He Hydrogen Helium bottom 1 ­ 7 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Li Be B C N O F Ne Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin 55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn Cesium Barium Lanthanum Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Iridium Platinum Gold 87 88 89 104 105 106 107 108 109 Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Francium Radium Actinium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium 7

Periods (rows) ­Rows that go left and right ­­have the same number of electron shells (2, 8, 18, then it gets weird) 8

2 1 5 7 8 9 10 3 4 6 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 19 20 See the 54 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 staircase? 55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 104 105 106 107 108 109 87 88 89 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 9

2 1 Metals are: Good Conductors of Heat and Electricity 5 7 8 9 10 3 4 6 Malleable (like your mind) Ductile (like duct tape) 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Luster (shiny) 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 19 20 Elements on 54 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 the left are METALS 55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 Except for Hydrogen! 104 105 106 107 108 109 87 88 89 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 10

2 1 Nonmetals are: Elements on 5 7 8 9 10 3 4 6 Poor conductors of heat t h Poor conductors of electricity 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 e N Brittle O r i g are N h ­ t 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 19 20 M E T A L 54 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 S 55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 104 105 106 107 108 109 87 88 89 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 11

2 1 Elements that touch the X staircase are called 5 7 8 9 10 3 4 6 metalloids. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 X (Except for Aluminum and Polonium) 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 X X 32 33 34 35 36 19 20 54 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 X X 52 53 55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 X 104 105 106 107 108 109 87 88 89 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 12

Cool Groups: Group I : Fairly Explosive! Group VIII : The Noble Gases 13

Two Weird Groups: Lanthanides and Actinides 14

Lanthanides and Actinides Their properties make them belong in Group 3 , Right under Y (Ytterium), BUT there are lots of them so We drop them below the table 15

Lanthanides and Actinides Many of them are radioactive, unstable and only exist after nuclear bombs have exploded! 16

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