The diagnosis of leprosy Introduction Salvatore Noto, Pieter A M - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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The diagnosis of leprosy Introduction Salvatore Noto, Pieter A M - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

May 14, 2023 18 likes •299 views

The diagnosis of leprosy Introduction Salvatore Noto, Pieter A M Schreuder and Bernard Naafs, Leprosy mailing list, October 2011

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SLIDE 1
  • The diagnosis of leprosy
  • Salvatore Noto, Pieter A M Schreuder and Bernard Naafs,

Leprosy mailing list, October 2011

Introduction

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SLIDE 2
  • Definition of leprosy

Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by M. leprae. It affects mainly the skin and the peripheral nerves.

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SLIDE 3
  • “Protean diseases”
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SLIDE 4
  • Courtesy of S. Noto
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SLIDE 5
  • Courtesy of S. Noto
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SLIDE 6
  • Leprosy (BT)

Courtesy of S. Noto

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SLIDE 7
  • Courtesy of S. Noto
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SLIDE 8
  • Leprosy (BL)

Courtesy of S. Noto

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SLIDE 9
  • Leprosy, BL reactive after pregnancy

Courtesy of B Naafs

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SLIDE 10
  • Leprosy, BL reactive after pregnancy

Courtesy of B Naafs

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SLIDE 11
  • Leprosy,

BL reactive after pregnancy

Courtesy of B Naafs

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SLIDE 12
  • Courtesy of S. Noto
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SLIDE 13
  • Leprosy

(borderline in reversal reaction)

Courtesy of S. Noto

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SLIDE 14
  • Leprosy (LL)

Courtesy of S. Noto

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SLIDE 15
  • ! "#$
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SLIDE 16
  • Courtesy of S. Noto
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SLIDE 17
  • Leprosy (LL)

Courtesy of S. Noto

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SLIDE 18
  • !"
  • #$%%$

$&!'$( &

  • #$)*$

$&

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SLIDE 19
  • Courtesy of J A da Costa Nery

Leprosy in families: father and child

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SLIDE 20
  • The 3 cardinal signs of leprosy;
  • Ridley and Jopling classification;
  • Reactions and nerve damage.

Key concepts in clinical leprosy

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SLIDE 21
  • The 3 cardinal signs of leprosy

1. Skin patch with loss of sensation; 2. enlarged peripheral nerve; 3. positive slit-skin smear.

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SLIDE 22
  • The leprosy spectrum

according to the Ridley and Jopling classification

  • %

&'(' (' )' *'+'

,'&'

BT = borderline tuberculoid leprosy BB = mid borderline leprosy BL = borderrline lepromatous leprosy BI = bacteriological index

  • - = negative

+ = degree of positivity

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SLIDE 23
  • Nerve damage in leprosy
  • 1. dermal nerves;
  • 2. cutaneous nerves;
  • 3. major nerve trunks.

Source: B Naafs (1994) in E Nunzi, D Leiker, “Manuale di leprologia”

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SLIDE 24
  • Nerve damage in leprosy

Most of the nerve damage in leprosy takes place during acute exacerbations of the disease called “Reactions”.

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SLIDE 25
  • How to diagnose leprosy
  • history taking;
  • physical assessment; and
  • laboratory investigations.
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SLIDE 26
  • !$%$*$

*$+

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SLIDE 27
  • ./$0

&,$$"""($- .&+$$&/$%$$*& 0&%***$"&$$"%$ $"&0*(%$*$* $&#$"**$&

Courtesy of Grace Warren

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SLIDE 28
  • Courtesy of S Noto

Direct sunlight passing trough the foliage of the tree creates false skin lesions!