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The Canted-Cosine-Theta Dipole (CCT) For LBNL High Field Magnet - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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The Canted-Cosine-Theta Dipole (CCT) For LBNL High Field Magnet Program Shlomo Caspi and Lucas Brouwer* Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA December 11 th 2012 * PhD student UC Berkeley EDMS 1259004 Superconducting Magnet

  1. The Canted-Cosine-Theta Dipole (CCT) For LBNL High Field Magnet Program Shlomo Caspi and Lucas Brouwer* Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA December 11 th 2012 * PhD student UC Berkeley EDMS 1259004

  2. Superconducting Magnet Program (SMP) • LBNL Superconducting base program R&D on high field magnets is exploring a new dipole magnet (CCT) that specifically promises to reduce high stress on coils while maintaining field quality and efficiency. Diego Arbelaez, Lucas Brouwer, Daniel Dietderich, Helene Felice, Ray Hafalia, Etienne Rochepault, Soren Prestemon Arno Godeke, Dan Cheng, Xiaorong Wang, Abdi Salehi, Charles Swenson, Tiina Salmi 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 2

  3. Outline • Introduction – Short historical perspective of high field accelerator magnets • The Canted-Cosine-Theta (CCT) – A new approach • The CCT and the present LHC dipole • A conceptual 18T CCT dipole magnet • Other CCT applications • Conclusions 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 3

  4. 33 years of progress in Nb3Sn technology An historical perspective : Target 1979-2012 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 4

  5. Introduction -Types of superconducting dipoles D20 RD series HD series 2D view 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 5

  6. Introduction -Types of superconducting dipoles Block with stress management New Canted-Cosine-Theta (CCT) With stress interception Managed coil blocks, plates and laminar spring TAMU 3D view Direction of current 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 6

  7. The CCT - History of the concept • Published paper by D.I. Meyer and R. Flasck in 1970 (D.I. Meyer, and R. Flasck “A new configuration for a dipole magnet for use in high energy physics application”, Nucl. Instr.and Methods 80, pp. 339-341, 1970.) • Renewed interest during the past decade 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 7

  8. CCT Motivation • Substantial reduction in coil stress – No accumulation of Lorentz forces in the windings – Small and large apertures • A high field quality over 85% of the bore. – Intrinsic to the geometry • A Modular concept with nesting different conductor types – One style fits all – Natural for grading • Combined function 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 8

  9. The CCT dipole cross-section Areas of current are   ~ cos ~ 0 J J  proportional to cos-theta z approaching a perfect dipole current density distribution 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 9

  10. The CCT coil termination  ~ cos J z Lambertson-Coupland Termination Harmonic components over such “ends” integrate to zero 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 10

  11. “Ends” - Termination Harmonics Dipole field Sextupole integrates to zero Decapole integrates to zero 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 11

  12. CCT – Stress Interception Stress interceptors (Ribs), thin on the mid- plane thick at the poles Ribs are part of Single conductor turn the stress collector (Spar) 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 12

  13. Structural Interception – airplane wing The lift force to the skin is transfer to ribs that are tied to a spar connected to the fuselage RIBS Transfers the skin loads to the SPAR MAIN SPAR Ties all the RIBS together 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 13

  14. Splitting the force and intercepting Stress The Lorentz force is split into two orthogonal components: 1. The Lorentz forces along the coil’s surface ( azimuthal and axial , not only in theta) are intercepted by ribs (no accumulation) 2. Intercepted forces are carried by the spar to which the ribs are connected 3. The radial Lorentz force are partially restrained by the spars and an outer structure Ribs and Spars = “Cable -in- Conduit” 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 14

  15. Example: a CCT type LHC dipole Same bore size and cable as LHC dipole 56 ! bore [mm] 15.35 ! Layer 1 width [mm] 2.15 ! Layer 1 thick [mm] 1.25 ! Layer 1 keystone angle [deg] 15 ! Layer 1 tilted angle [deg] 0.45 ! Layer 1 mid-plane rib thickness) [mm] 0.2857 ! Layer 1 Asc/Acable 15.35 ! Layer 2 width [mm] 1.73 ! Layer 2 thick [mm] 0.9 ! Layer 2 keystone angle [deg] 12.54 ! Layer 2 tilted angle [deg] 0.45 ! Layer 2 mid-plane rib thickness) [mm] 0.2462 ! Layer 2 Asc/Acable Same straight section of 0.7m using 41m of cable 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 15

  16. Example: a CCT LHC dipole Comparison of a canonical LHC dipole with an equivalent CCT • Field • Field quality • Stored Energy • Stress • Conductor length Coil 56mm 137 693 137 Ribs and Spar 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 16

  17. Short-sample comparison at 1.9 K LHC CCT Short-Sample With-Iron With-Iron 56 mm bore, 2 layers, same cables B 0 (T) 9.7 9.2 B max (T) 10.0 9.6 I max (kA) 13.8 15.67 For this comparison we chose to J e (A/mm^2) 419 475 keep the same bore, number of E (kJ/m) 334 294 layers, strand sizes and cable sizes. Inductance 3.48 2.39* Choosing other parameters would (mH/m) have raise the field. S theta (MPa) 88 ~ 8 • Lower field, proportional to slanted angle cos(15)=0.966 • Low stress • Similar stored energy and inductance • Similar conductor length * Courtesy of Jeoren Van Nugteren 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 17

  18. CCT Field (Bmod) around inner bore Field (Bmod) between layers 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 18

  19. CCT – Harmonics (no-iron) CCT - less than 2 units at 85% of the bore LHC b3 ~ 3 units b5 ~ -1 unit 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 19

  20. Field profiles along the z axis No iron 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 20

  21. Stress on Ribs and Spar Turn Ribs Radial forces are intercepted Normal Stress by spars and structure ~ Sin(theta) Radial Stress ~ Cos(theta) 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 21

  22. Modeling and Minimum symmetry Coil Spar with Ribs Coil Minimum Symmetry 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 22

  23. Lamination Conductor Ribs Lamination can simplify analysis Reduce cost Reduce losses 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 23

  24. Lamination - 10.05 mm thick Ribs and Spar Coil Coil Ribs and Spar The lamination hold exactly one turn of coil, rib and spar 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 24

  25. Lamination 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 25

  26. Laminated Model in TOSCA Bmod (14.85 kA) 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 26

  27. Mechanical Analysis We have just started stress analysis on the coil ribs and spar. 1. Need to demonstrate that stress interception works, the force carried by the spar and the ribs should withstand the force 2. Three mechanical models in progress ANSYS Workbench one lamination at 10T and 20T CASTEM – one turn at 10T and 20T ANSYS Classical - one lamination 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 27

  28. Workbench - Ribs and Spar 20T – Azimuthal stress spar and ribs 10T - Axial deformation spar and ribs 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 28

  29. CASTEM Model – 20T Rib + ring + coil Axial displacement Coil Von-Mises Stress behind front Coil Rib Spar (3mm) Von-Mises Stress (MPa) 0-55 0-200 200-400 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 29

  30. Example – 6 layers 18T dipole, 56mm bore • 3D analysis, no iron • 6 layers graded. • Coil is 60mm thick (no spars*) • Current 10.5 kA • Bore field 18 T at 1.9K • Intercepted stress < 30MPa 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 30

  31. Example – 6 layers 18T dipole, 56mm bore Layer 1, 30 strands Layer 2, 26 strands Layer 3, 22 strands Layer 4, 18 strands Layer 5, 14 strands Layer 6, 12 strands • Proof of principle • Spars omitted* • Spars and stress 56mm analysis will be next * Adding spars of any size will not change the field in the bore 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 31

  32. Example – Load lines (no iron) Stored Energy: 18T 10.5kA 2.22 MJ/m 44 mH/m 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 32

  33. Field along the magnet center 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 33

  34. Mid-plane Stress - without interception The mid-plane stress in each of the layers if the Lorentz force is not intercepted 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 34

  35. Normal stress cable-rib - with interception Tangential Stress (Normal to Rib) The Lorentz stress in each of the layers if the Lorentz force is intercepted 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 35

  36. Other Applications – A curved CCT dipole for a gantry *D. S. Robin, C. Sun, A. Sessler, W. Wan, M. Yoon 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 36

  37. A “pure” dipole field Bd=5T 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 37

  38. A “pure” quadrupole field Single layer G=-25T/m, Double layers 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 38

  39. A “pure” sextupole field Single layer Double layers S=400 T/m 2 12/11/2012 Superconducting Magnet Group - S.Caspi 39

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