TAIGA-HiSCORE detection of the CATS-LIDAR on the ISS as fast moving - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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TAIGA-HiSCORE detection of the CATS-LIDAR on the ISS as fast moving point source A.Porelli, R. Wischnewski (DESY) for the TAIGA-Collaboration ICRC2017, Busan, 13.7.2017 R. Wischnewski | HiSCORE Detection of ISS-LIDAR | 13.07.2017 |

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SLIDE 1
  • R. Wischnewski | HiSCORE Detection of ISS-LIDAR | 13.07.2017 |

TAIGA-HiSCORE detection

  • f the CATS-LIDAR on the ISS

as fast moving point source

A.Porelli, R. Wischnewski (DESY) for the TAIGA-Collaboration

ICRC2017, Busan, 13.7.2017

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SLIDE 2
  • R. Wischnewski | HiSCORE Detection of ISS-LIDAR | 13.07.2017 |
  • The Timing Array HiSCORE
  • ISS-LIDAR ground detection
  • main mode: unscattered light front
  • also: strong forward scattering in clouds
  • Absolute pointing calibration by combined

HiSCORE + MASTER observation

  • HiSCORE - CATS analysis
  • ISS-LIDAR is a unique tool: calibration / verification
  • Summary

Outline

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SLIDE 3
  • R. Wischnewski | HiSCORE Detection of ISS-LIDAR | 13.07.2017 |

The TAIGA-Collaboration

Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics MSU, Moscow, Russia Institute of Applied Physics, ISU, Irkutsk, Russia Institute for Nuclear Research of RAN, Moscow, Russia Dipartimento di Fisica Generale Universiteta di Torino and INFN, Torino, Italy Max-Planck-Institute for Physics, Munich, Germany Institut für Experimentalphysik, University of Hamburg, Germany IZMIRAN, Moscow Region, Russia DESY, Zeuthen, Germany National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia JINR, Dubna, Russia Novosibirsk State University, NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia ISS, Bucharest, Romania and

Further TAIGA papers @ICRC2017:

  • TAIGA-HiSCORE Status (I.Yashin)
  • Search for HE-Crab signal (L.Sveshnikova)
  • TAIGA Status (N.Bundev)
  • TAIGA-IACT (3 x Poster)

Sternberg Astronomical Institute, MSU, Moscow, Russia (MASTER optical telescope, this work)

For CATS/LIDAR: discussion and cooperation with NASA team are acknowledged.

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SLIDE 4

A.Porelli , R.Wischnewski, A.Garmash, AG | CTAS/ISS detection – a unique tool for HiSCORE | 2070608 | Page

HiSCORE : a wide angle Timing Array for Astronomy

 Air-Cherenkov Array of optical stations, to measure light arrival times & intensity in clear, moonless nights. Stations: distributed on o(km2)  Reconstruct: shower direction, core location (+ E)  Expect:

  • PSF of ~0.1deg at E>100 TeV
  • Absolute pointing of <0.1deg needed.

 Need an independent pointing check:

  • Moon/Sun unusable (cf. Argo, NuTel) ,
  • Crab-Nebula as “standard candle”

doesn't give strong signal yet. 1 km

Curved shower front (“cone”)

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SLIDE 5
  • R. Wischnewski | HiSCORE Detection of ISS-LIDAR | 13.07.2017 |

HiSCORE observation of the CTAS-LIDAR onboard ISS

 Serendipitous discovery:  High counting rate intervals, with 4 kHz  Close to Zenith passage  Prefect plane-wave reconstruction instead of curved EAS profile Counting rate bursts; 4kHz signal

ISS track on local sky (line), and reconstructed HiSCORE events

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SLIDE 6

A.Porelli , R.Wischnewski, A.Garmash, AG | CTAS/ISS detection – a unique tool for HiSCORE | 2070608 | Page

Adapted from CATS

HiSCORE’s first source: ISS - Laser flashes with 10ns 1mJ

  • Excellent HiSCORE calibration source
  • flat timing profile
  • precision pointing
  • Further Interest :
  • useful for IACTs (HESS, MAGIC, CTA…) ?
  • LIDAR physics: opens forward scattering

First shown in fall 2016

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SLIDE 7
  • R. Wischnewski | HiSCORE Detection of ISS-LIDAR | 13.07.2017 |

The ISS/CATS LIDAR observation

For details, see NASA website https://cats.gsfc.nasa.gov

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SLIDE 8
  • R. Wischnewski | HiSCORE detetction of LIDAR on-board the ISS| 13.7.2017 | Page

LIDAR beam into Clouds: Forward scattering observed

A different class of events: non strictly plane waves.

  • We detect a fast moving beam spot (the primary beam hits a few-km-away

dense cloud)

  • -> ISS (8 km/s at 410 km) -->

HiSCORE

few km

Cloud is scattering Target

  • -> fast moving ‘point’
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SLIDE 9
  • R. Wischnewski | HiSCORE Detection of ISS-LIDAR | 13.07.2017 |

Cloud events: HiSCORE sees forward scattering

 Right: Phase analysis wrt. 4 kHz - Delay by additional path length from forward scattering  Left: Reconstruction of cloud height from scattered ISS-beam (preliminary)

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SLIDE 10
  • R. Wischnewski | HiSCORE Detection of ISS-LIDAR | 13.07.2017 |

HiSCORE / MASTER combined analysis: Golden Event

Method:  We analyze the bright spot of the MASTER image and the HiSCORE events with highest Max-amplitude detected  To compare the MASTER detection with HiSCORE reconstructed direction we need to correct for the parallax effect due to the close distance of the ISS (~400km) and the distance between MASTER and HiSCORE (~500m) (backup slides for more details)  Result: HiSCORE miss pointing error estimation = (0.066+-0.005)°

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SLIDE 11
  • R. Wischnewski | HiSCORE Detection of ISS-LIDAR | 13.07.2017 |

Combined HiSCORE and MASTER/optical observation

 MASTER Telescope at Tunka-site: Robotic telescopes for sky-scan (LIGO / Antares/ Ice3) VWF and Master-II  Record “Golden ISS Event” on 20170325:

  • Unambiguous sky-localization of ISS track + Maximum of Emission by Optical Tel -
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SLIDE 12
  • R. Wischnewski | HiSCORE Detection of ISS-LIDAR | 13.07.2017 |

Combined HiSCORE and MASTER/optical observation

 MASTER Telescope at Tunka-site: Robotic telescope net sky-scan (LIGO / Antares/ Ice3) VWF and Master-II  Record “Golden ISS Event” on 20170325:

This is a breakthrough: (1) Confirmation that HiS points correctly ! (2) Light seen directly from ISS

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SLIDE 13
  • R. Wischnewski | HiSCORE Detection of ISS-LIDAR | 13.07.2017 |

HiSCORE / CATS combined analysis

 The HiSCORE data is analyzed together with the CATS data to obtain a complete description of the detection process  10 passages analyzed in total:

 4 from 2015/16 (+ 20160208: w/o CATS data)  6 from 2016/17

 Analysis performed for each detected passage, using the following data:

 HiSCORE data  CATS data  NORAD TLE for ISS (with SGP4 software)

 Analysis main steps:

 CATS/TLE data time correction (DT-CATS)  HiSCORE / TLE data time alignment

 The different steps of the analysis correct for some uncertainties in CATS and in TLE prediction.

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SLIDE 14
  • R. Wischnewski | HiSCORE Detection of ISS-LIDAR | 13.07.2017 |

HiSCORE/CATS combined analysis

 Two time-corrections are needed:

  • 1. CATS 1-2 sec different from TLE-prediction, CATS-update is likely
  • 2. TLE-prediction needs a 0.0 - 0.7 sec shift

→ limited TLE precision (time + location ;work in progress)

  • Zenith vs. time (left): TLE, CATS (corr / uncorr) + HiSCORE (blue)
  • Beam-spot distance vs time (black), HiSCORE maxAmpl (blue)
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SLIDE 15
  • R. Wischnewski | HiSCORE Detection of ISS-LIDAR | 13.07.2017 |

HiSCORE/CATS combined analysis

 The HiSCORE/CATS combined analysis puts together all the HiSCORE and CATS data, using the TLE prediction as reference  We obtain a coherent description of the detection  It is possible to extract the ‘passage parameters’ from the different data sets (see table in the backup slides)  Summary of 2015-2017 detections

Amp(max) vs. Spot distance

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SLIDE 16
  • R. Wischnewski | HiSCORE Detection of ISS-LIDAR | 13.07.2017 |

ISS/CATS LIDAR: Applications for HiSCORE

 Allows for an independent check of calibration methods used so far

Amp(max) vs. Spot distance

  • 1 passage
  • all passages
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SLIDE 17
  • R. Wischnewski | HiSCORE Detection of ISS-LIDAR | 13.07.2017 |

ISS/CATS LIDAR: calibration of HiSCORE

 Calibrate time-offsets between stations

  • Left: distribution of t_off for different methods (pusre LED, EAS-LEDs, ISS)

 Looking at the fit residual distribution (right)

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SLIDE 18
  • R. Wischnewski | HiSCORE Detection of ISS-LIDAR | 13.07.2017 |

ISS/CATS LIDAR: HiSCORE pointing verification

 A method to measure the angular resolution (PSF)  Angular spread between neighbouring laser events:

  • from identical position: 0.25ms (4kHz) → 2 m motion at 400 km
  • Find ~0.14 deg (prelim., work in progress) for plane-wave events
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SLIDE 19
  • R. Wischnewski | HiSCORE Detection of ISS-LIDAR | 13.07.2017 |

Summary (1)

 ISS-CATS/LIDAR events are a unique calibration tool for HiSCOR

  • 11 passages from 2015-2017 , part of observation program.

 Main light component: direct, unscattered light from tail of beam;

  • bserved at few km-distance from ground spot;

<1 ns jitter, compatible with our resolution  Main result:

  • - HiSCORE is operating as a precision instrument.

with absolute astronomic pointing is proven to <0.1 deg precision – essential input for point source search; see next talk: search for gammas from Crab-Nebula  Breakthrough: combined HiSCORE and Master/optical observation (“Golden event”)  Open: need high precision tracking of ISS (TLE) and possible update (improved precision) of CATS pointing data. Progress expected soon.

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SLIDE 20
  • R. Wischnewski | HiSCORE Detection of ISS-LIDAR | 13.07.2017 |

Summary (2)

 Beyond absolute pointing calibration calibration: ISS is a “test beam” to

 calibrate HiSCORE time offsets  check amplitudes calibration / verification amplitude (relative/absolute)  measure and monitor station time resolution  data-quality control  Plane-Wave ISS events allow for performance and quality checks of

hardware, data-processing and reconstruction. (EAS-events are statistics dominated; unlike the laser-beam)  Forward scattering in clouds observed: ground detection might complement LIDAR data, by simultaneous forward measurement.  Other Air-Cherenkov projects (+ fluorescence?) can probably use the ISS-LIDAR .

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SLIDE 21
  • R. Wischnewski | HiSCORE Detection of ISS-LIDAR | 13.07.2017 |

 Thanks. Backup

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SLIDE 22
  • R. Wischnewski | HiSCORE Detection of ISS-LIDAR | 13.07.2017 |

HiSCORE/MASTER combined analysis (1)

 We compared TLE sets from different epochs to check the prediction error  In the local sky (left plot) the ISS track is the same. It changes only in time (see next slide)  The results is an error of 0.01° in Ra,Dec.  The distance from the MASTER detection is ~0.02°

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SLIDE 23
  • R. Wischnewski | HiSCORE Detection of ISS-LIDAR | 13.07.2017 |

HiSCORE/CATS combined analysis

 Example of HiSCORE–ISS events parameters distribution (and evolution in time)

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SLIDE 24
  • R. Wischnewski | HiSCORE Detection of ISS-LIDAR | 13.07.2017 |

HiSCORE/CATS combined analysis

 Example of HiSCORE–ISS events parameters distribution (and evolution in time)

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SLIDE 25
  • R. Wischnewski | HiSCORE Detection of ISS-LIDAR | 13.07.2017 |

HiSCORE/CATS combined analysis

 HiSCORE reconstructed direction for all the detected events in the different runs

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SLIDE 26
  • R. Wischnewski | HiSCORE Detection of ISS-LIDAR | 13.07.2017 |

HiSCORE/CATS combined analysis

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SLIDE 27
  • R. Wischnewski | HiSCORE Detection of ISS-LIDAR | 13.07.2017 |

HiSCORE/CATS combined analysis

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SLIDE 28

A.Porelli , R.Wischnewski, A.Garmash, AG | CTAS/ISS detection – a unique tool for HiSCORE | 2070608 | Page

Adapted from CATS

HiSCORE’s first source: ISS - Laser flashes with 10ns 1mJ

  • Excellent HiSCORE calibration source
  • flat timing profile
  • precision pointing
  • Further Interest :
  • useful for IACTs (HESS, MAGIC, CTA…) ?
  • LIDAR physics: opens forward scattering

ISS track on local sky (line), and reconstructed HiSCORE events ISS track on local sky (line), and reconstructed HiSCORE events

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