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SLIDE 1

❖❜❥❡❝t ❇❛s✐❝s

❆♥ ♦❜❥❡❝t ✐s ♠❡r❡❧② ❛ ♥❛♠❡❞ ❝♦❧❧❡❝t✐♦♥ ♦❢ ♥❛♠❡✲✈❛❧✉❡ ♣❛✐rs ✭✇❤✐❝❤ ✐♥❝❧✉❞❡ ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥s✮✳ ❱❛❧✉❡s ❛r❡ r❡❢❡rr❡❞ t♦ ❛s ♦❜❥❡❝t ♣r♦♣❡rt✐❡s✳ > ① ❂ ④ ❛✿ ✾ ⑥ ✴✴❖❜❥❡❝t ❧✐t❡r❛❧ ♥♦t❛t✐♦♥ ④ ❛✿ ✾ ⑥ > ①✳❛ ✾ > ❞❡❧❡t❡ ①✳❛ tr✉❡ > ① ④⑥ > ❞❡❧❡t❡ ①✳❛ ✴✴❢❛❧s❡ r❡t✉r♥❡❞ ♦♥❧② ❢♦r ♥♦♥✲❝♦♥✜❣ tr✉❡ ✴✴♣r♦♣❡rt② ✐♥ ♥♦♥✲str✐❝t ♠♦❞❡ >

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 2

❖❜❥❡❝t ❇❛s✐❝s ❈♦♥t✐♥✉❡❞

> ① ❂ ④ ❛✿ ✾✱ ✴✴❛♥♦♥ ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥ ✐s ✈❛❧✉❡ ❢♦r ❢ ❢✿ ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥✭❛✱ ❜✮ ④ r❡t✉r♥ ❛ ✰ ❜❀ ⑥ ⑥ ④ ❛✿ ✾✱ ❢✿ ❬❋✉♥❝t✐♦♥✿ ❢❪ ⑥ > ①✳❢✭✸✱ ✺✮ ✽ > ① ❂ ✬❛✬ ✬❛✬ > ④ ❬①❪✿ ✹✷ ⑥ ✴✴✈❛r✐❛❜❧❡ ❛s ♥❛♠❡✳ ④ ❛✿ ✹✷ ⑥ > ④ ① ⑥ ④ ①✿ ✬❛✬ ⑥ >

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 3

▼♦t✐✈❛t✐♥❣ ❊①❛♠♣❧❡ ❢♦r Pr♦t♦t②♣❡s✿ ❈♦♠♣❧❡① ◆✉♠❜❡rs

❝♦♥st ❝✶ ❂ ④ ①✿ ✶✱ ②✿ ✶✱ t♦❙tr✐♥❣✿ ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥✭✮ ④ r❡t✉r♥ ❵✩④t❤✐s✳①⑥ ✰ ✩④t❤✐s✳②⑥✐❵ ⑥✱ ♠❛❣♥✐t✉❞❡✿ ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥✭✮ ④ r❡t✉r♥ ▼❛t❤✳sqrt✭t❤✐s✳①✯t❤✐s✳① ✰ t❤✐s✳②✯t❤✐s✳②✮❀ ⑥ ⑥

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 4

▼♦t✐✈❛t✐♥❣ ❊①❛♠♣❧❡ ❢♦r Pr♦t♦t②♣❡s✿ ❈♦♠♣❧❡① ◆✉♠❜❡rs ❈♦♥t✐♥✉❡❞

❝♦♥st ❝✷ ❂ ④ ①✿ ✸✱ ②✿ ✹✱ t♦❙tr✐♥❣✿ ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥✭✮ ④ r❡t✉r♥ ❵✩④t❤✐s✳①⑥ ✰ ✩④t❤✐s✳②⑥✐❵ ⑥✱ ♠❛❣♥✐t✉❞❡✿ ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥✭✮ ④ r❡t✉r♥ ▼❛t❤✳sqrt✭t❤✐s✳①✯t❤✐s✳① ✰ t❤✐s✳②✯t❤✐s✳②✮❀ ⑥ ⑥ ❝♦♥s♦❧❡✳❧♦❣✭❵✩④❝✶✳t♦❙tr✐♥❣✭✮⑥✿ ✩④❝✶✳♠❛❣♥✐t✉❞❡✭✮⑥❵✮❀ ❝♦♥s♦❧❡✳❧♦❣✭❵✩④❝✷✳t♦❙tr✐♥❣✭✮⑥✿ ✩④❝✷✳♠❛❣♥✐t✉❞❡✭✮⑥❵✮❀

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 5

▼♦t✐✈❛t✐♥❣ ❊①❛♠♣❧❡ ❢♦r Pr♦t♦t②♣❡s✿ ❈♦♠♣❧❡① ◆✉♠❜❡rs ❈♦♥t✐♥✉❡❞

✩ ♥♦❞❡❥s ✳✴❝♦♠♣❧❡①✶✳❥s ✶ ✰ ✶✐✿ ✶✳✹✶✹✷✶✸✺✻✷✸✼✸✵✾✺✶ ✸ ✰ ✹✐✿ ✺ ◆♦t❡ t❤❛t ❡❛❝❤ ❝♦♠♣❧❡① ♥✉♠❜❡r ❤❛s ✐ts ♦✇♥ ❝♦♣② ♦❢ t❤❡ t♦❙tr✐♥❣✭✮ ❛♥❞ ♠❛❣♥✐t✉❞❡✭✮ ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥s✳

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 6

❯s✐♥❣ ❛ Pr♦t♦t②♣❡ ❖❜❥❡❝t t♦ ❍♦❧❞ ❈♦♠♠♦♥ ❋✉♥❝t✐♦♥s

❝♦♠♣❧❡①❋♥s ❂ ④ t♦❙tr✐♥❣✿ ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥✭✮ ④ r❡t✉r♥ ❵✩④t❤✐s✳①⑥ ✰ ✩④t❤✐s✳②⑥✐❵ ⑥✱ ♠❛❣♥✐t✉❞❡✿ ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥✭✮ ④ r❡t✉r♥ ▼❛t❤✳sqrt✭t❤✐s✳①✯t❤✐s✳① ✰ t❤✐s✳②✯t❤✐s✳②✮❀ ⑥ ⑥

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 7

❯s✐♥❣ ❛ Pr♦t♦t②♣❡ ❖❜❥❡❝t t♦ ❍♦❧❞ ❈♦♠♠♦♥ ❋✉♥❝t✐♦♥s✿ ❈♦♥t✐♥✉❡❞

✴✴✉s❡ ❝♦♠♣❧❡①❋♥s ❛s ♣r♦t♦t②♣❡ ❢♦r ❝✶ ❝♦♥st ❝✶ ❂ ❖❜❥❡❝t✳❝r❡❛t❡✭❝♦♠♣❧❡①❋♥s✮❀ ❝✶✳① ❂ ✶❀ ❝✶✳② ❂ ✶❀ ✴✴✉s❡ ❝♦♠♣❧❡①❋♥s ❛s ♣r♦t♦t②♣❡ ❢♦r ❝✷ ❝♦♥st ❝✷ ❂ ❖❜❥❡❝t✳❝r❡❛t❡✭❝♦♠♣❧❡①❋♥s✮❀ ❝✷✳① ❂ ✸❀ ❝✷✳② ❂ ✹❀ ❝♦♥s♦❧❡✳❧♦❣✭❵✩④❝✶✳t♦❙tr✐♥❣✭✮⑥✿ ✩④❝✶✳♠❛❣♥✐t✉❞❡✭✮⑥❵✮❀ ❝♦♥s♦❧❡✳❧♦❣✭❵✩④❝✷✳t♦❙tr✐♥❣✭✮⑥✿ ✩④❝✷✳♠❛❣♥✐t✉❞❡✭✮⑥❵✮❀

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 8

Pr♦t♦t②♣❡ ❈❤❛✐♥s

❊❛❝❤ ♦❜❥❡❝t ❤❛s ❛♥ ✐♥t❡r♥❛❧ ❬❬Pr♦t♦t②♣❡❪❪ ♣r♦♣❡rt②✳ ❲❤❡♥ ❧♦♦❦✐♥❣ ✉♣ ❛ ♣r♦♣❡rt②✱ t❤❡ ♣r♦♣❡rt② ✐s ✜rst ❧♦♦❦❡❞ ❢♦r ✐♥ t❤❡ ♦❜❥❡❝t❀ ✐❢ ♥♦t ❢♦✉♥❞ t❤❡♥ ✐t ✐s ❧♦♦❦❡❞ ❢♦r ✐♥ t❤❡ ♦❜❥❡❝t✬s ♣r♦t♦t②♣❡❀ ✐❢ ♥♦t ❢♦✉♥❞ t❤❡r❡✱ ✐t ✐s ❧♦♦❦❡❞ ❢♦r ✐♥ t❤❡ ♦❜❥❡❝t✬s ♣r♦t♦t②♣❡✬s ♣r♦t♦t②♣❡✳ ❚❤❡ ❧♦♦❦✉♣ ❝♦♥t✐♥✉❡s ✉♣ t❤❡ ♣r♦t♦t②♣❡ ❝❤❛✐♥ ✉♥t✐❧ t❤❡ ♣r♦♣❡rt② ✐s ❢♦✉♥❞ ♦r t❤❡ ♣r♦t♦t②♣❡ ✐s ♥✉❧❧✳ ◆♦t❡ t❤❛t t❤❡ ♣r♦t♦t②♣❡ ❝❤❛✐♥ ✐s ♦♥❧② ✉s❡❞ ❢♦r ♣r♦♣❡rt② ❧♦♦❦✉♣✳ ❲❤❡♥ ❛ ♣r♦♣❡rt② ✐s ❛ss✐❣♥❡❞ t♦✱ t❤❡ ❛ss✐❣♥♠❡♥t ✐s ♠❛❞❡ ❞✐r❡❝t❧② ✐♥ t❤❡ ♦❜❥❡❝t❀ t❤❡ ♣r♦t♦t②♣❡ ✐s ♥♦t ✉s❡❞ ❛t ❛❧❧✳ Pr♦t♦t②♣❡ ❝❛♥ ❜❡ ❛❝❝❡ss❡❞ ✉s✐♥❣ ❖❜❥❡❝t✳❣❡tPr♦t♦t②♣❡❖❢✭✮ ♦r ❴❴♣r♦t♦❴❴ ♣r♦♣❡rt② ✭s✉♣♣♦rt❡❞ ❜② ♠♦st ❜r♦✇s❡rs✱ ❜❡✐♥❣ ♦✣❝✐❛❧❧② ❜❧❡ss❡❞ ❜② st❛♥❞❛r❞s✱ ❜✉t ✐s ♥♦ ❧♦♥❣❡r r❡❝♦♠♠❡♥❞❡❞✮✳

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 9

❖❜❥❡❝t ▼❡t❤♦❞s

❚❤❡ ❖❜❥❡❝t ❝❧❛ss ❤❛s ♠❛♥② ✉s❡❢✉❧ ♠❡t❤♦❞s✳ ❙♦♠❡ ♣❛rt✐❝✉❧❛r❧② ✉s❡❢✉❧ ♦♥❡s✿ ❖❜❥❡❝t✳❝r❡❛t❡✭♣r♦t♦✮ ❘❡t✉r♥s ♥❡✇ ♦❜❥❡❝t ✇✐t❤ ♣r♦t♦t②♣❡ ♣r♦t♦✳ ❖❜❥❡❝t✳❛ss✐❣♥✭t❛r❣❡t✱✳✳✳s♦✉r❝❡s✮ ❆ss✐❣♥ s♦✉r❝❡ ♣r♦♣❡rt✐❡s t♦ t❛r❣❡t✱ ✇✐t❤ ❧❛t❡r s♦✉r❝❡ ♣r♦♣❡rt✐❡s ♦✈❡r✇r✐t✐♥❣ ❡❛r❧✐❡r ♦♥❡s✳ ❘❡t✉r♥s t❛r❣❡t✳ ❖❜❥❡❝t✳❣❡t❖✇♥Pr♦♣❡rt②◆❛♠❡s✭♦❜❥✮ ❆❧❧ ♥♦♥✲✐♥❤❡r✐t❡❞ ♣r♦♣❡rt② ♥❛♠❡s✳ ❖❜❥❡❝t✳❦❡②s✭✮✱ ❖❜❥❡❝t✳✈❛❧✉❡s✭✮✱ ❖❜❥❡❝t✳❡♥tr✐❡s✭✮ ❊♥✉♠❡r❛❜❧❡ ❦❡②s✱ ✈❛❧✉❡s ❛♥❞ ❦❡②✲✈❛❧✉❡ ♣❛✐rs✳

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 10

❈♦♥str✉❝t♦rs

❊✈❡r② ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥ ❤❛s ❛ ♣r♦t♦t②♣❡ ♣r♦♣❡rt②✳ ❚❤❡ ❋✉♥❝t✐♦♥ ❝♦♥str✉❝t♦r ✐♥✐t✐❛❧✐③❡s ✐t t♦ s♦♠❡t❤✐♥❣ ✇❤✐❝❤ ❧♦♦❦s ❧✐❦❡ ④ ❝♦♥str✉❝t♦r✿ t❤✐s ⑥✳ ❆♥② ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥ ✇❤✐❝❤ ✐s ✐♥✈♦❦❡❞ ♣r❡❝❡❡❞❡❞ ❜② t❤❡ ♥❡✇ ♣r❡✜① ♦♣❡r❛t♦r ✐s ❜❡✐♥❣ ✉s❡❞ ❛s ❛ ❝♦♥str✉❝t♦r✳ ❲✐t❤✐♥ t❤❡ ❜♦❞② ♦❢ ❛ ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥ ✐♥✈♦❦❡❞ ❛s ❛ ❝♦♥str✉❝t♦r✱ t❤✐s r❡❢❡rs t♦ ❛ ♥❡✇❧② ❝r❡❛t❡❞ ♦❜❥❡❝t ✐♥st❛♥❝❡ ✇✐t❤ ❬❬♣r♦t♦t②♣❡❪❪ ✐♥t❡r♥❛❧ ♣r♦♣❡rt② s❡t t♦ t❤❡ ♣r♦t♦t②♣❡ ♣r♦♣❡rt② ♦❢ t❤❡ ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥✳ ❍❡♥❝❡ t❤❡ ♣r♦t♦t②♣❡ ♣r♦♣❡rt② ♦❢ t❤❡ ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥ ♣r♦✈✐❞❡s ❛❝❝❡ss t♦ t❤❡ ♣r♦t♦t②♣❡ ❢♦r t❤❡ ♦❜❥❡❝t ✐♥st❛♥❝❡❀ s♣❡❝✐✜❝❛❧❧②✱ ❛ss✐❣♥✐♥❣ t♦ ❛ ♣r♦♣❡rt② ♦❢ t❤❡ ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥ ♣r♦t♦t②♣❡ ✐s ❡q✉✐✈❛❧❡♥t t♦ ❛ss✐❣♥✐♥❣ t♦ t❤❡ ♦❜❥❡❝t ♣r♦t♦t②♣❡✳ ❇② ❝♦♥✈❡♥t✐♦♥✱ ❝♦♥str✉❝t♦r ♥❛♠❡s st❛rt ✇✐t❤ ❛♥ ✉♣♣❡r❝❛s❡ ❧❡tt❡r✳

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 11

❈♦♥str✉❝t♦r ❊①❛♠♣❧❡

❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥ ❈♦♠♣❧❡①✭①✱ ②✮ ④ t❤✐s✳① ❂ ①❀ t❤✐s✳② ❂ ②❀ ⑥ ❈♦♠♣❧❡①✳♣r♦t♦t②♣❡✳t♦❙tr✐♥❣ ❂ ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥✭✮ ④ r❡t✉r♥ ❵✩④t❤✐s✳①⑥ ✰ ✩④t❤✐s✳②⑥✐❵ ⑥❀ ❈♦♠♣❧❡①✳♣r♦t♦t②♣❡✳♠❛❣♥✐t✉❞❡ ❂ ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥✭✮ ④ r❡t✉r♥ ▼❛t❤✳sqrt✭t❤✐s✳①✯t❤✐s✳① ✰ t❤✐s✳②✯t❤✐s✳②✮❀ ⑥❀ ❝♦♥st ❝✶ ❂ ♥❡✇ ❈♦♠♣❧❡①✭✶✱ ✶✮❀ ❝♦♥st ❝✷ ❂ ♥❡✇ ❈♦♠♣❧❡①✭✸✱ ✹✮❀ ❝♦♥s♦❧❡✳❧♦❣✭❵✩④❝✶✳t♦❙tr✐♥❣✭✮⑥✿ ✩④❝✶✳♠❛❣♥✐t✉❞❡✭✮⑥❵✮❀ ❝♦♥s♦❧❡✳❧♦❣✭❵✩④❝✷✳t♦❙tr✐♥❣✭✮⑥✿ ✩④❝✷✳♠❛❣♥✐t✉❞❡✭✮⑥❵✮❀

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 12

❈♦♥str✉❝t♦r ❘❡t✉r♥ ❱❛❧✉❡

◆♦r♠❛❧❧② ❛ ❝♦♥str✉❝t♦r ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥ ❞♦❡s ♥♦t ❡①♣❧✐❝✐t❧② r❡t✉r♥ ❛ ✈❛❧✉❡✳ ■♥ t❤❛t ❝❛s❡✱ t❤❡ r❡t✉r♥ ✈❛❧✉❡ ✐s s❡t t♦ ❛ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡ t♦ t❤❡ ♥❡✇❧② ❝r❡❛t❡❞ ♦❜❥❡❝t✳ ❍♦✇❡✈❡r✱ ✐❢ t❤❡ r❡t✉r♥ ✈❛❧✉❡ ✐s ❡①♣❧✐❝✐t❧② s❡t t♦ ❛♥ ♦❜❥❡❝t ✭♥♦t ❛ ♣r✐♠✐t✐✈❡✮✱ t❤❡♥ t❤❛t ♦❜❥❡❝t ✐s r❡t✉r♥✬❞ ❢r♦♠ t❤❡ ❝♦♥str✉❝t♦r✳ ▼❛❦❡s ✐t ♣♦ss✐❜❧❡ t♦ ❤❛✈❡ ❝♦♥str✉❝t♦r ❤✐❞❡ ✐♥st❛♥❝❡ ✈❛r✐❛❜❧❡s ✉s✐♥❣ ❝❧♦s✉r❡✳ ▼❛❦❡s ✐t ♣♦ss✐❜❧❡ t♦ ❤❛✈❡ ❛ ❝♦♥str✉❝t♦r s❤❛r❡ ✐♥st❛♥❝❡s ❜② ♥♦t r❡t✉r♥✐♥❣ t❤❡ ♥❡✇❧② ❝r❡❛t❡❞ ✐♥st❛♥❝❡✳

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 13

❙❤❛r✐♥❣ ■♥st❛♥❝❡s

❈❛♥ ✉s❡ ❝♦♥str✉❝t♦r r❡t✉r♥ ✈❛❧✉❡ t♦ ❝❛❝❤❡ ♦❜❥❡❝t ✐♥st❛♥❝❡s t♦ ❛✈♦✐❞ ❝r❡❛t✐♥❣ ❛ ♥❡✇ ✐♥st❛♥❝❡ ✉♥♥❡❝❡ss❛r✐❧②✳ ❝♦♥st ❜✐❣■♥st❛♥❝❡s ❂ ④ ⑥❀ ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥ ❇✐❣■♥st❛♥❝❡✭✐❞✱ ✳✳✳✮ ④ ✴✴✳✳✳ ✐s ♣s❡✉❞♦✲❝♦❞❡✱ ♥♦t r❡st ✐❢ ✭❜✐❣■♥st❛♥❝❡s❬✐❞❪✮ r❡t✉r♥ ❜✐❣■♥st❛♥❝❡s❬✐❞❪❀ ✴✴❝♦♥str✉❝t ♥❡✇ ✐♥st❛♥❝❡ ❛s ✉s✉❛❧ ✳✳✳ ❜✐❣■♥st❛♥❝❡s❬✐❞❪ ❂ t❤✐s❀ ⑥

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 14

■♥❤❡r✐t❛♥❝❡

❲❡ ❝♦✉❧❞ ✐♠♣❧❡♠❡♥t ❝❧❛ss✐❝❛❧ ✐♥❤❡r✐t❛♥❝❡ ✉s✐♥❣ ❛ ♣❛tt❡r♥ ❧✐❦❡ ❈❤✐❧❞✳♣r♦t♦t②♣❡ ❂ ❖❜❥❡❝t✳❝r❡❛t❡✭P❛r❡♥t✳♣r♦t♦t②♣❡✮✳ ❍❡♥❝❡ ❈❤✐❧❞ ✇✐❧❧ ✐♥❤❡r✐t ♣r♦♣❡rt✐❡s ❢r♦♠ P❛r❡♥t✳ ❖❧❞❡r ❝♦❞❡ ♠❛② ✉s❡ ❛ ♣❛tt❡r♥ ❧✐❦❡ ❈❤✐❧❞✳♣r♦t♦t②♣❡ ❂ ♥❡✇ P❛r❡♥t✭✮✳ Pr♦❜❧❡♠s ✐♥❝❧✉❞❡ t❤❡ ❢❛❝t t❤❛t t❤❡ P❛r❡♥t ❝♦♥str✉❝t♦r ✐s r✉♥ ✭✇❤✐❝❤ ♠❛② ❤❛✈❡ ✉♥❞❡s✐r❛❜❧❡ s✐❞❡✲❡✛❡❝ts✮ ❛♥❞ ❤♦✇ ❞♦ ✇❡ ❤❛♥❞❧❡ ❛r❣✉♠❡♥ts t♦ t❤❡ P❛r❡♥t ❝♦♥str✉❝t♦r ✐❢ ✐t ❡①♣❡❝ts ❛r❣✉♠❡♥ts✳ ◆♦t❡ t❤❛t ✇❡ ❝r❡❛t❡ ❛ ♥❡✇ ♦❜❥❡❝t ❢♦r ❈❤✐❧❞✬s ♣r♦t♦t②♣❡ r❛t❤❡r t❤❛♥ s✐♠♣❧② P❛r❡♥t ❛s ✇❡ ❞♦ ♥♦t ✇❛♥t ❛ss✐❣♥♠❡♥ts t♦ ❈❤✐❧❞✳♣r♦t♦t②♣❡ t♦ ❛✛❡❝t P❛r❡♥t✳ ❙✐♥❝❡ t❤❡ ❝♦♥str✉❝t♦r ✐s st♦r❡❞ ✐♥ ❛♥ ♦❜❥❡❝t✬s ♣r♦t♦t②♣❡✱ ✐♥ ❜♦t❤ ❝❛s❡s ✇❡ ♥❡❡❞ t♦ ✜① ✉♣ t❤❡ ❝♦♥str✉❝t♦r✿ ❈❤✐❧❞✳♣r♦t♦t②♣❡✳❝♦♥str✉❝t♦r ❂ ❈❤✐❧❞✳ Pr♦❜❧❡♠❛t✐❝ ✐♥ t❤❛t ✇❡ ♥❡❡❞ t♦ ❛♣♣❧② t❤✐s ♣❛tt❡r♥✳ ❈♦✉❧❞ ✇r❛♣ ✇✐t❤✐♥ ❛ ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥ ✐♥❤❡r✐t✭✮✱ ❜✉t st✐❧❧ ♠❡ss② ✭s❡❡ ❈r♦❝❦❢♦r❞✮✳ ❆❧s♦✱ ❝❧❛ss✐❝❛❧ ✐♥❤❡r✐t❛♥❝❡ ✐s ❣❡♥❡r❛❧❧② ♣r♦❜❧❡♠❛t✐❝✳

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 15

❏❛✈❛❙❝r✐♣t ❈❧❛ss❡s

❆❞❞❡❞ ✐♥ ❡s✻ t♦ ♠❛❦❡ ♣r♦❣r❛♠♠❡rs ❝♦♠✐♥❣ ✐♥ ❢r♦♠ ♦t❤❡r ❧❛♥❣✉❛❣❡s ♠♦r❡ ❝♦♠❢♦rt❛❜❧❡✳ ❈r❡❛t❡ ❛ ♥❡✇ ❝❧❛ss ✉s✐♥❣ ❛ ❝❧❛ss ❞❡❝❧❛r❛t✐♦♥✳ ❈r❡❛t❡ ❛ ♥❡✇ ❝❧❛ss ✉s✐♥❣ ❛ ❝❧❛ss ❡①♣r❡ss✐♦♥✳ ■♥❤❡r✐t❛♥❝❡ ✉s✐♥❣ ❡①t❡♥❞s✳ ❙t❛t✐❝ ♠❡t❤♦❞s✳ ❈❛♥ ❡①t❡♥❞ ❜✉✐❧t✐♥ ❝❧❛ss❡s✳ ❱❡r② t❤✐♥ ❧❛②❡r ❛r♦✉♥❞ ♣r♦t♦t②♣❡✲❜❛s❡❞ ✐♥❤❡r✐t❛♥❝❡✳ ❙❡❡ t❤✐s ❢♦r tr❛❞❡♦✛s✳

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 16

❙❤❛♣❡s ❊①❛♠♣❧❡

❝❧❛ss ❙❤❛♣❡ ④ ❝♦♥str✉❝t♦r✭①✱ ②✮ ④ t❤✐s✳① ❂ ①❀ t❤✐s✳② ❂ ②❀ ⑥ ✴✴♣♦ss✐❜❧② ♣♦♦r ❞❡s✐❣♥ st❛t✐❝ ❞✐st❛♥❝❡✭s✶✱ s✷✮ ④ ❝♦♥st ①❉✐❢❢ ❂ s✶✳① ✲ s✷✳①❀ ❝♦♥st ②❉✐❢❢ ❂ s✶✳② ✲ s✷✳②❀ r❡t✉r♥ ▼❛t❤✳sqrt✭①❉✐❢❢✯①❉✐❢❢ ✰ ②❉✐❢❢✯②❉✐❢❢✮❀ ⑥ ⑥

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 17

❙❤❛♣❡s ❊①❛♠♣❧❡ ❈♦♥t✐♥✉❡❞

❝❧❛ss ❘❡❝t ❡①t❡♥❞s ❙❤❛♣❡ ④ ❝♦♥str✉❝t♦r✭①✱ ②✱ ✇✱ ❤✮ ④ s✉♣❡r✭①✱ ②✮❀ t❤✐s✳✇✐❞t❤ ❂ ✇❀ t❤✐s✳❤❡✐❣❤t ❂ ❤❀ ⑥ ❛r❡❛✭✮ ④ r❡t✉r♥ t❤✐s✳✇✐❞t❤✯t❤✐s✳❤❡✐❣❤t❀ ⑥ ⑥ ❝❧❛ss ❈✐r❝❧❡ ❡①t❡♥❞s ❙❤❛♣❡ ④ ❝♦♥str✉❝t♦r✭①✱ ②✱ r✮ ④ s✉♣❡r✭①✱ ②✮❀ t❤✐s✳r❛❞✐✉s ❂ r❀ ⑥ ❛r❡❛✭✮ ④ r❡t✉r♥ ▼❛t❤✳P■✯t❤✐s✳r❛❞✐✉s✯t❤✐s✳r❛❞✐✉s❀ ⑥ ⑥

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 18

❙❤❛♣❡s ❊①❛♠♣❧❡ ❉r✐✈❡r ❛♥❞ ▲♦❣

❝♦♥st s❤❛♣❡s ❂ ❬ ♥❡✇ ❘❡❝t✭✸✱ ✹✱ ✺✱ ✻✮✱ ♥❡✇ ❈✐r❝❧❡✭✵✱ ✵✱ ✶✮✱ ❪❀ s❤❛♣❡s✳❢♦r❊❛❝❤✭✭s✮ ❂> ❝♦♥s♦❧❡✳❧♦❣✭s✳①✱ s✳②✱ s✳❛r❡❛✭✮✮✮❀ ❝♦♥s♦❧❡✳❧♦❣✭❙❤❛♣❡✳❞✐st❛♥❝❡✭s❤❛♣❡s❬✵❪✱ s❤❛♣❡s❬✶❪✮✮❀ ✩ ✳✴s❤❛♣❡s✳❥s ✸ ✹ ✸✵ ✵ ✵ ✸✳✶✹✶✺✾✷✻✺✸✺✽✾✼✾✸ ✺ ✩

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 19

Pr♦♣❡rt② ❆ttr✐❜✉t❡s

> ❛ ❂ ④ ①✿ ✷✷ ⑥ ④ ①✿ ✷✷ ⑥ > ❖❜❥❡❝t✳❣❡t❖✇♥Pr♦♣❡rt②❉❡s❝r✐♣t♦rs✭❛✮ ④ ①✿ ④ ✈❛❧✉❡✿ ✷✷✱ ✇r✐t❛❜❧❡✿ tr✉❡✱ ❡♥✉♠❡r❛❜❧❡✿ tr✉❡✱ ✴✴❧♦♦♣ ❢♦r✳✳✳✐♥ ❝♦♥❢✐❣✉r❛❜❧❡✿ tr✉❡ ⑥ ⑥ ✴✴❝❤❛♥❣❡ ❞❡s❝r❀ ❞❡❧❡t❡ > ❖❜❥❡❝t✳❞❡✜♥❡Pr♦♣❡rt②✭❛✱ ✬②✬✱ ④⑥✮ ④ ①✿ ✷✷ ⑥

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 20

Pr♦♣❡rt② ❆ttr✐❜✉t❡s ❈♦♥t✐♥✉❡❞

> ❖❜❥❡❝t✳❣❡t❖✇♥Pr♦♣❡rt②❉❡s❝r✐♣t♦rs✭❛✮ ④ ①✿ ④ ✈❛❧✉❡✿ ✷✷✱ ✇r✐t❛❜❧❡✿ tr✉❡✱ ❡♥✉♠❡r❛❜❧❡✿ tr✉❡✱ ❝♦♥❢✐❣✉r❛❜❧❡✿ tr✉❡ ⑥✱ ②✿ ④ ✈❛❧✉❡✿ ✉♥❞❡❢✐♥❡❞✱ ✇r✐t❛❜❧❡✿ ❢❛❧s❡✱ ❡♥✉♠❡r❛❜❧❡✿ ❢❛❧s❡✱ ❝♦♥❢✐❣✉r❛❜❧❡✿ ❢❛❧s❡ ⑥ ⑥

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 21

Pr♦♣❡rt② ❆ttr✐❜✉t❡s ❈♦♥t✐♥✉❡❞

> ❞❡❧❡t❡✭❛❬✬①✬❪✮ tr✉❡ > ❖❜❥❡❝t✳❣❡t❖✇♥Pr♦♣❡rt②❉❡s❝r✐♣t♦rs✭❛✮ ④ ②✿ ④ ✈❛❧✉❡✿ ✉♥❞❡❢✐♥❡❞✱ ✇r✐t❛❜❧❡✿ ❢❛❧s❡✱ ❡♥✉♠❡r❛❜❧❡✿ ❢❛❧s❡✱ ❝♦♥❢✐❣✉r❛❜❧❡✿ ❢❛❧s❡ ⑥ ⑥ > ❞❡❧❡t❡✭❛❬✬②✬❪✮ ❢❛❧s❡ > ❖❜❥❡❝t✳❣❡t❖✇♥Pr♦♣❡rt②❉❡s❝r✐♣t♦rs✭❛✮ ④ ②✿ ④ ✈❛❧✉❡✿ ✉♥❞❡❢✐♥❡❞✱ ✇r✐t❛❜❧❡✿ ❢❛❧s❡✱ ❡♥✉♠❡r❛❜❧❡✿ ❢❛❧s❡✱ ❝♦♥❢✐❣✉r❛❜❧❡✿ ❢❛❧s❡ ⑥ ⑥ >

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 22

Pr♦♣❡rt② ●❡tt❡r

> ♦❜❥ ❂ ④ ❣❡t ❧❡♥✭✮ ④ r❡t✉r♥ t❤✐s✳✈❛❧✉❡✳❧❡♥❣t❤❀ ⑥ ⑥ ④ ❧❡♥✿ ❬●❡tt❡r❪ ⑥ > ♦❜❥✳✈❛❧✉❡ ❂ ❬✶✱ ✷❪ ❬ ✶✱ ✷ ❪ > ♦❜❥✳❧❡♥ ✷ > ♦❜❥✳✈❛❧✉❡ ❂ ❬✶✱ ✷✱ ✸❪ ❬ ✶✱ ✷✱ ✸ ❪ > ♦❜❥✳❧❡♥ ✸

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 23

Pr♦♣❡rt② ❙❡tt❡r

❯s❡ ♣r♦♣❡rt② ① ❛s ♣r♦①② ❢♦r ♣r♦♣❡rt② ❴① ✇❤✐❧❡ ❝♦✉♥t✐♥❣ ★ ♦❢ ❝❤❛♥❣❡s t♦ ♣r♦♣❡rt② ①✳ > ♦❜❥ ❂ ④ ♥❈❤❛♥❣❡s✿ ✵✱ ❣❡t ①✭✮ ④ r❡t✉r♥ t❤✐s✳❴①❀ ⑥✱ s❡t ①✭✈✮ ④ ✐❢ ✭✈ ✦❂❂ t❤✐s✳❴①✮ t❤✐s✳♥❈❤❛♥❣❡s✰✰❀ t❤✐s✳❴① ❂ ✈❀ ⑥ ⑥

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 24

Pr♦♣❡rt② ❙❡tt❡r ❈♦♥t✐♥✉❡❞

> ♦❜❥✳① ✉♥❞❡❢✐♥❡❞ > ♦❜❥✳① ❂ ✷✷ ✷✷ > ♦❜❥✳♥❈❤❛♥❣❡s ✶ > ♦❜❥✳① ❂ ✹✷ ✹✷ > ♦❜❥✳♥❈❤❛♥❣❡s ✷ > ♦❜❥✳① ❂ ✹✷ ✹✷ > ♦❜❥✳♥❈❤❛♥❣❡s ✷ >

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 25

❈❧❛ss ❈♦♥st❛♥ts

❈❛♥♥♦t ❞❡✜♥❡ ❝♦♥st ✇✐t❤✐♥ ❛ ❝❧❛ss❀ ❢♦❧❧♦✇✐♥❣ r❡s✉❧ts ✐♥ ❛ s②♥t❛① ❡rr♦r✿ ❝❧❛ss ❈ ④ st❛t✐❝ ❝♦♥st ❝♦♥st❛♥t ❂ ✹✷❀ ⑥ ❯s❡ ❢♦❧❧♦✇✐♥❣ ♣❛tt❡r♥✿ ❝♦♥st ❈ ❂ ✹✷❀ ❝❧❛ss ❈ ④ st❛t✐❝ ❣❡t ❝♦♥st❛♥t✭✮ ④ r❡t✉r♥ ❈❀ ⑥ ⑥ ❝♦♥s♦❧❡✳❧♦❣✭❈✳❝♦♥st❛♥t✮❀

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 26

❖❜❥❡❝t ❊q✉❛❧✐t② ❊①❛♠♣❧❡s

❋♦r ❜♦t❤ ❂❂ ❛♥❞ ❂❂❂✱ ♦❜❥❡❝ts ❛r❡ ❡q✉❛❧ ♦♥❧② ✐❢ t❤❡② ❤❛✈❡ t❤❡ s❛♠❡ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡✳ > ④⑥ ❂❂ ④⑥ ❢❛❧s❡ > ④⑥ ❂❂❂ ④⑥ ❢❛❧s❡ > ① ❂ ④⑥ ④⑥ > ② ❂ ① ④⑥ > ① ❂❂ ② tr✉❡ > ① ❂❂❂ ② tr✉❡ >

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 27

❘❡✈✐❡✇ ❆rr❛②s

❆rr❛②s ❛r❡ ❧✐❦❡ ♦❜❥❡❝ts ❡①❝❡♣t✿ ■t ❤❛s ❛♥ ❛✉t♦✲♠❛✐♥t❛✐♥❡❞ ❧❡♥❣t❤ ♣r♦♣❡rt② ✭❛❧✇❛②s s❡t t♦ ✶ ❣r❡❛t❡r t❤❛♥ t❤❡ ❧❛r❣❡st ❛rr❛② ✐♥❞❡①✮✳ ❆rr❛②s ❤❛✈❡ t❤❡✐r ♣r♦t♦t②♣❡ s❡t t♦ ❆rr❛②✳♣r♦t♦t②♣❡ ✭❆rr❛②✳♣r♦t♦t②♣❡ ❤❛s ✐ts ♣r♦t♦t②♣❡ s❡t t♦ ❖❜❥❡❝t✳♣r♦t♦t②♣❡✱ ❤❡♥❝❡ ❛rr❛②s ✐♥❤❡r✐t ♦❜❥❡❝t ♠❡t❤♦❞s✮✳

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 28

❊♥✉♠❡r❛t✐♥❣ ❖❜❥❡❝t Pr♦♣❡rt✐❡s ✉s✐♥❣ ❢♦r✲✐♥

❢♦r ✭❧❡t ✈ ✐♥ ♦❜❥❡❝t✮ ④ ✳✳✳ ⑥ ❙❡ts ✈ t♦ s✉❝❝❡ss✐✈❡ ❡♥✉♠❡r❛❜❧❡ ♣r♦♣❡rt✐❡s ✐♥ ♦❜❥❡❝t ✐♥❝❧✉❞✐♥❣ ✐♥❤❡r✐t❡❞ ♣r♦♣❡rt✐❡s✳ ◆♦ ❣✉❛r❛♥t❡❡ ♦♥ ♦r❞❡r✐♥❣ ♦❢ ♣r♦♣❡rt✐❡s❀ s♣❡❝✐✜❝❛❧❧②✱ ♥♦ ❣✉❛r❛♥t❡❡ t❤❛t ✐t ✇✐❧❧ ❣♦ ♦✈❡r ❛rr❛② ✐♥❞❡①❡s ✐♥ ♦r❞❡r✳ ❇❡tt❡r t♦ ✉s❡ ♣❧❛✐♥ ❢♦r ♦r ❢♦r✲♦❢✳ ❲✐❧❧ ❧♦♦♣ ♦✈❡r ❡♥✉♠❡r❛❜❧❡ ♣r♦♣❡rt✐❡s ❞❡✜♥❡❞ ✇✐t❤✐♥ t❤❡ ♦❜❥❡❝t ❛s ✇❡❧❧ ❛s t❤♦s❡ ✐♥❤❡r✐t❡❞ t❤r♦✉❣❤ t❤❡ ♣r♦t♦t②♣❡ ❝❤❛✐♥✳ ■❢ ✇❡ ✇❛♥t t♦ ✐t❡r❛t❡ ♦♥❧② ♦✈❡r ❧♦❝❛❧ ♣r♦♣❡rt✐❡s✱ ✉s❡ ❣❡t❖✇♥Pr♦♣❡rt②◆❛♠❡s✭✮ ♦r ❤❛s❖✇♥Pr♦♣❡rt②✭✮ t♦ ✜❧t❡r✳

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 29

❊♥✉♠❡r❛t✐♥❣ ❊①❛♠♣❧❡

> ❛ ❂ ④ ①✿ ✶ ⑥ ④ ①✿ ✶ ⑥ > ❜ ❂ ❖❜❥❡❝t✳❝r❡❛t❡✭❛✮ ✴✴❛ ✐s ❜✬s ♣r♦t♦t②♣❡ ④⑥ > ❜✳② ❂ ✷ ✷ > ❢♦r ✭❧❡t ❦ ✐♥ ❜✮ ④ ❝♦♥s♦❧❡✳❧♦❣✭❦✮❀ ⑥ ② ① ✉♥❞❡❢✐♥❡❞ > ❢♦r ✭❧❡t ❦ ✐♥ ❜✮ ④ ✐❢ ✭❜✳❤❛s❖✇♥Pr♦♣❡rt②✭❦✮✮ ❝♦♥s♦❧❡✳❧♦❣✭❦✮❀ ⑥ ② ✉♥❞❡❢✐♥❡❞

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 30

❊♥✉♠❡r❛t✐♥❣ ❊①❛♠♣❧❡ ❈♦♥t✐♥✉❡❞

> ♥❛♠❡s ❂ ❖❜❥❡❝t✳❣❡t❖✇♥Pr♦♣❡rt②◆❛♠❡s✭❜✮ ❬ ✬②✬ ❪ > ❢♦r ✭❧❡t ❦ ✐♥ ♥❛♠❡s✮ ④ ❝♦♥s♦❧❡✳❧♦❣✭❦✮❀ ⑥ ✵ ✉♥❞❡❢✐♥❡❞ ❢♦r ✭❦ ♦❢ ♥❛♠❡s✮ ④ ❝♦♥s♦❧❡✳❧♦❣✭❦✮❀ ⑥ ② ✉♥❞❡❢✐♥❡❞ >

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 31

❆♥♦t❤❡r ❊♥✉♠❡r❛t✐♥❣ ❊①❛♠♣❧❡

> ① ❂ ④❛ ✿ ✶✱ ❜✿ ✷ ⑥ ④ ❛✿ ✶✱ ❜✿ ✷ ⑥ > ❖❜❥❡❝t✳❞❡✜♥❡Pr♦♣❡rt②✭①✱ ✬❝✬✱ ④ ✈❛❧✉❡✿ ✸⑥✮ ✴✴♥♦t ❡♥✉♠❡r❛❜❧❡ ④ ❛✿ ✶✱ ❜✿ ✷ ⑥ > ①✳❝ ✸ > ❢♦r ✭❧❡t ❦ ✐♥ ①✮ ④ ❝♦♥s♦❧❡✳❧♦❣✭❦✮❀ ⑥ ❛ ❜ ✉♥❞❡❢✐♥❡❞ > ①✳❝ ✸ >

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 32

■t❡r❛t✐♥❣ ✉s✐♥❣ ❢♦r✲♦❢

❱❛❧✉❡s ❝♦♥t❛✐♥❡❞ ✐♥ ■t❡r❛❜❧❡ ♦❜❥❡❝ts ❝❛♥ ❜❡ ✐t❡r❛t❡❞ ♦✈❡r ✉s✐♥❣ ❢♦r✲♦❢ ❧♦♦♣s✳ ❢♦r ✭❧❡t ✈❛r ♦❢ ✐t❡r❛❜❧❡✮ ④ ✳✳✳ ⑥ ❇✉✐❧t✐♥ ✐t❡r❛❜❧❡s ✐♥❝❧✉❞❡ ❙tr✐♥❣✱ ❆rr❛②✱ ❊❙✻ ▼❛♣✱ ❛r❣✉♠❡♥ts✱ ❜✉t ♥♦t ❖❜❥❡❝t✳ > ❢♦r ✭❝♦♥st ① ♦❢ ✬❛❜❝✬✮ ④ ❝♦♥s♦❧❡✳❧♦❣✭①✮❀ ⑥ ❛ ❜ ❝ ✉♥❞❡❢✐♥❡❞ >

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 33

❇✉✐❧❞✐♥❣ ■t❡r❛❜❧❡s

❈❛♥ ❜✉✐❧❞ ✐t❡r❛❜❧❡s ❜② ✐♠♣❧❡♠❡♥t✐♥❣ t❤❡ ✐t❡r❛❜❧❡ ♣r♦t♦❝♦❧✳ ■♠♣❧❡♠❡♥t✐♥❣ ❛ ③❡r♦ ❛r❣✉♠❡♥t ♠❡t❤♦❞ ✇✐t❤ ♥❛♠❡ ❣✐✈❡♥ ❜② ❙②♠❜♦❧✳✐t❡r❛t♦r✳ ❲❤❡♥ t❤✐s ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥ ✐s ✐♥✈♦❦❡❞✱ ✐t ♠✉st r❡t✉r♥ ❛♥ ♦❜❥❡❝t ✐♠♣❧❡♠❡♥t✐♥❣ t❤❡ ✐t❡r❛t♦r ♣r♦t♦❝♦❧✳ ❙♦ t✇♦ ♣r♦t♦❝♦❧s ✐♥✈♦❧✈❡❞✿ ✐t❡r❛❜❧❡ ❛♥❞ ✐t❡r❛t♦r✳ ●❡♥❡r❛t♦rs ✇✐❧❧ s✐♠♣❧✐❢②✳

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 34

❇✉✐❧❞✐♥❣ ■t❡r❛t♦rs

❆♥ ♦❜❥❡❝t ✐♠♣❧❡♠❡♥t✐♥❣ t❤❡ ✐t❡r❛t♦r ♣r♦t♦❝♦❧ ♠✉st ❤❛✈❡ ❛ ♥❡①t✭✮ ♠❡t❤♦❞ ✇❤✐❝❤ r❡t✉r♥s ❛♥ ♦❜❥❡❝t ❤❛✈✐♥❣ ❛t ❧❡❛st t❤❡ ❢♦❧❧♦✇✐♥❣ t✇♦ ♣r♦♣❡rt✐❡s✿ ❞♦♥❡ ❆ ❜♦♦❧❡❛♥ ✇❤✐❝❤ ✐s s❡t t♦ tr✉❡ ✐✛ t❤❡ ✐t❡r❛t♦r ✐s ❞♦♥❡✳ ■❢ tr✉❡✱ t❤❡♥ ✈❛❧✉❡ ♦♣t✐♦♥❛❧❧② ❣✐✈❡s t❤❡ r❡t✉r♥ ✈❛❧✉❡ ♦❢ t❤❡ ✐t❡r❛t♦r✳ ✈❛❧✉❡ ❆♥② ❏❛✈❛❙❝r✐♣t ♦❜❥❡❝t ❣✐✈✐♥❣ t❤❡ ❝✉rr❡♥t ✈❛❧✉❡ r❡t✉r♥❡❞ ❜② t❤❡ ✐t❡r❛t♦r✳ ◆❡❡❞ ♥♦t ❜❡ ♣r❡s❡♥t ✇❤❡♥ ❞♦♥❡ ✐s tr✉❡✳

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 35

❙❡q✉❡♥❝❡ ■t❡r❛❜❧❡

❇✉✐❧❞ ❛ s❡q✉❡♥❝❡ ✐t❡r❛❜❧❡ t♦ ❛❧❧♦✇ ✐t❡r❛t✐♥❣ t❤r♦✉❣❤ ❛ s❡q✉❡♥❝❡ ♦❢ ✐♥t❡❣❡rs✳ ❊①❛♠♣❧❡ ❡❞✐t❡❞ ❧♦❣✿ > ❢♦r ✭❝♦♥st ✈ ♦❢ ♠❛❦❡❙❡q✭✸✱ ✺✮✮ ④ ❝♦♥s♦❧❡✳❧♦❣✭✈✮❀ ⑥ ✸ ✹ ✺ > ❢♦r ✭❝♦♥st ✈ ♦❢ ♠❛❦❡❙❡q✭✸✱ ✶✵✱ ✷✮✮ ④ ❝♦♥s♦❧❡✳❧♦❣✭✈✮❀ ⑥ ✸ ✺ ✼ ✾ >

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 36

❙❡q✉❡♥❝❡ ■t❡r❛❜❧❡ ▲♦❣ ❈♦♥t✐♥✉❡❞

> ❢♦r ✭❝♦♥st ✐ ♦❢ ♠❛❦❡❙❡q✭✶✱ ✷✮✮ ④ ✴✴♥❡st❡❞ s❡q ♦❜❥ ❧✐❢❡t✐♠❡s ❢♦r ✭❝♦♥st ❥ ♦❢ ♠❛❦❡❙❡q✭✸✱ ✹✮✮ ④ ❝♦♥s♦❧❡✳❧♦❣✭✐✱ ❥✮❀ ⑥ ⑥ ✶ ✸ ✶ ✹ ✷ ✸ ✷ ✹ >

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 37

❙❡q✉❡♥❝❡ ■t❡r❛❜❧❡ ❈♦❞❡

■♥ s❡q✳❥s✿ ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥ ♠❛❦❡❙❡q✭❧♦✱ ❤✐✱ ✐♥❝❂✶✮ ④ r❡t✉r♥ ④ ❬❙②♠❜♦❧✳✐t❡r❛t♦r❪✭✮ ④ ✴✴❢♥ ♣r♦♣❡rt② s②♥t❛① ❧❡t ✈❛❧✉❡ ❂ ❧♦❀ r❡t✉r♥ ④ ♥❡①t✭✮ ④ ❝♦♥st ♦❜❥ ❂ ④ ❞♦♥❡✿ ✈❛❧✉❡ > ❤✐✱ ✈❛❧✉❡ ⑥❀ ✈❛❧✉❡ ✰❂ ✐♥❝❀ r❡t✉r♥ ♦❜❥❀ ⑥✱ ⑥❀ ⑥✱ ⑥❀ ⑥

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 38

▼♦♥❦❡② P❛t❝❤✐♥❣ t♦ ❆❞❞ ❛ ◆❡✇ ❋✉♥❝t✐♦♥

❇✉✐❧t✲✐♥ t②♣❡s ❝❛♥ ❜❡ ❝❤❛♥❣❡❞ ❛t r✉♥t✐♠❡✿ ♠♦♥❦❡②✲♣❛t❝❤✐♥❣✳ > ✬ ❛❜❝❞ ✬✳tr✐♠✭✮ ✬❛❜❝❞✬ > ✬ ❛❜❝❞ ✬✳❧tr✐♠✭✮ ✴✴tr✐♠ ♦♥❧② ♦♥ ❧❡❢t ❚②♣❡❊rr♦r✿ ✧ ❛❜❝❞ ✧✳❧tr✐♠ ✐s ♥♦t ❛ ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥ > ❙tr✐♥❣✳♣r♦t♦t②♣❡✳❧tr✐♠ ❂ ❙tr✐♥❣✳♣r♦t♦t②♣❡✳❧tr✐♠ ⑤⑤ ✴✴❞♦ ♥♦t ❝❤❛♥❣❡ ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥✭✮ ④ r❡t✉r♥ t❤✐s✳r❡♣❧❛❝❡✭✴❫\s✰✴✱ ✑✮❀ ⑥ ❬❋✉♥❝t✐♦♥❪ > ✬ ❛❜❝❞ ✬✳❧tr✐♠✭✮ ✬❛❜❝❞ ✬ >

❖❜❥❡❝ts

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SLIDE 39

▼♦♥❦❡② P❛t❝❤✐♥❣ t♦ ▼♦❞✐❢② ❛♥ ❊①✐st✐♥❣ ❋✉♥❝t✐♦♥

> ❝♦♥st ♦❧❞❋♥ ❂ ❙tr✐♥❣✳♣r♦t♦t②♣❡✳r❡♣❧❛❝❡ ✉♥❞❡❢✐♥❡❞ > ❙tr✐♥❣✳♣r♦t♦t②♣❡✳r❡♣❧❛❝❡ ❂ ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥✭❛✶✱ ❛✷✮ ④ ❝♦♥st ✈ ❂ ♦❧❞❋♥✳❝❛❧❧✭t❤✐s✱ ❛✶✱ ❛✷✮❀ ❝♦♥s♦❧❡✳❧♦❣✭❵✩④t❤✐s⑥✳r❡♣❧❛❝❡✭✩④❛✶⑥✱ ✩④❛✷⑥✮❂>✩④✈⑥❵✮❀ r❡t✉r♥ ✈❀ ⑥ ❬❋✉♥❝t✐♦♥❪ > ✬ ❛❛❜❝❛❝❛✬✳r❡♣❧❛❝❡✭✴❛❛✰✴✱ ✬①✬✮ ❛❛❜❝❛❝❛✳r❡♣❧❛❝❡✭✴❛❛✰✴✱ ①✮❂> ①❜❝❛❝❛ ✬ ①❜❝❛❝❛✬ > ✬ ❛❛❜❝❛❝❛✬✳r❡♣❧❛❝❡✭✴❛✴❣✱ ✭①✱ ✐✮ ❂> ❙tr✐♥❣✭✐✮✮ ❛❛❜❝❛❝❛✳r❡♣❧❛❝❡✭✴❛✴❣✱ ✭①✱ ✐✮ ❂> ❙tr✐♥❣✭✐✮✮❂> ✶✷❜❝✺❝✼ ✬ ✶✷❜❝✺❝✼✬ >

❖❜❥❡❝ts