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t r t p s r t t r

t rt Ps r t - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Jun 06, 2023 •117 likes •1.38k views

t rt Ps r t tr s Pttr t s Pttr

  1. P♊♣✉❧❛r t♩♩❧s ❛♥♥♊ ✷✵✶✹ ❛♥❞ t❀❡✐r ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ▲❛❚❡❳ ✿ ❞❡ ❢❛❝t♩ st❛♥❞❛r❞ ❢♊r ♠❛t❀✲✐♥st❡♥s✐✈❡ ❞♊❝✉♠❡♥ts ♣❞❢▲❛❚❡❳ ✱ ❳❡▲❛❚❡❳ ✱ ▲✉❛▲❛❚❡❳ ✿ t❛❊❡s ♊✈❡r ✭✜❣✉r❡s ✐♥ ♣♥❣✱ ♣❞❢✮ ✲ ✉s❡ t❀❡s❡✊ ▌❙ ❲♊r❞ ✿ t♩♩ ❝❧✐❝❊② ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ❛♥❞ ✉❣❧② ❢♊♥ts✱ ❜✉t ♠✉❝❀ ✉s❡❞ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▌❛t❀❏❛① ✿ ✧❢✉❧❧✧ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ ✱ ❜✉t ♠✉❝❀ t❛❣❣✐♥❣ ❙♣❀✐♥① ✿ s♊♠❡✇❀❛t ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ❣r❡❛t s✉♣♣♊rt ❢♊r ✇❡❜ ❞❡s✐❣♥✱ ❛♥❞ ❧❡ss t❛❣❣❡❞ t❀❛♥ ❍❚▌▲ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t ✿ s✐♠✐❧❛r t♩ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ❜✉t ♥♊ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ tr❛♥s❢♊r♠s t♩ ❧♩ts ♊❢ ❢♊r♠❛ts ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❳▌▲✱ ❲♊r❞✱ ❖♣❡♥❖✣❝❡✱ ✳✳✳✮ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ✿ s♊♠❡✇❀❛t ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ♠✐♥♊r t❛❣❣✐♥❣✱ tr❛♥s❢♊r♠s t♩ ❧♩ts ♊❢ ❢♊r♠❛ts ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❳▌▲✱ ❲♊r❞✱ ❖♣❡♥❖✣❝❡✱ ✳✳✳✮ ■P②t❀♊♥ ♥♊t❡❜♊♊❊s ✿ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ❝♊❞❡✎♠❛t❀✱ ❝♊♠❜✐♥❡s P②t❀♊♥ ❝♊❞❡✱ ✐♥t❡r❛❝t✐✈✐t②✱ ❛♥❞ ✈✐s✉❛❧✐③❛t✐♊♥✱ ❜✉t r❡q✉✐r❡s ❛❧❧ ❝♊❞❡ s♥✐♣♣❡ts t♩ s②♥❝ t♊❣❡t❀❡r ❈♊♥✢✉❡♥❝❡ ✿ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥✲❧✐❊❡ ✐♥♣✉t✱ ✇✐t❀ ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ❝♊♥✈❡rt❡❞ t♩ ❳▌▲ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ✿ q✉✐t❡ ❣♊♊❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ✭❝❢✳ ❲✐❊✐♣❡❞✐❛✎❲✐❊✐❜♊♊❊s✮ ❖t❀❡r ✇✐❩✐ ❢♊r♠❛ts✿ ♥♊ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❣r❡❛t ❢♊r ❝♩❧❧❛❜♩r❛t✐✈❡ ❡❞✐t✐♥❣ ❲♊r❞♣r❡ss ✿ s✉♣♣♊rts ❢✉❧❧ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ❢♊r♠✉❧❛s ♊♥❧② ●♊♊❣❧❡ ❜❧♊❣❣❡r ✿ s✉♣♣♊rts ❢✉❧❧ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▌❛t❀❏❛①

  2. P♊♣✉❧❛r t♩♩❧s ❛♥♥♊ ✷✵✶✹ ❛♥❞ t❀❡✐r ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ▲❛❚❡❳ ✿ ❞❡ ❢❛❝t♩ st❛♥❞❛r❞ ❢♊r ♠❛t❀✲✐♥st❡♥s✐✈❡ ❞♊❝✉♠❡♥ts ♣❞❢▲❛❚❡❳ ✱ ❳❡▲❛❚❡❳ ✱ ▲✉❛▲❛❚❡❳ ✿ t❛❊❡s ♊✈❡r ✭✜❣✉r❡s ✐♥ ♣♥❣✱ ♣❞❢✮ ✲ ✉s❡ t❀❡s❡✊ ▌❙ ❲♊r❞ ✿ t♩♩ ❝❧✐❝❊② ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ❛♥❞ ✉❣❧② ❢♊♥ts✱ ❜✉t ♠✉❝❀ ✉s❡❞ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▌❛t❀❏❛① ✿ ✧❢✉❧❧✧ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ ✱ ❜✉t ♠✉❝❀ t❛❣❣✐♥❣ ❙♣❀✐♥① ✿ s♊♠❡✇❀❛t ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ❣r❡❛t s✉♣♣♊rt ❢♊r ✇❡❜ ❞❡s✐❣♥✱ ❛♥❞ ❧❡ss t❛❣❣❡❞ t❀❛♥ ❍❚▌▲ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t ✿ s✐♠✐❧❛r t♩ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ❜✉t ♥♊ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ tr❛♥s❢♊r♠s t♩ ❧♩ts ♊❢ ❢♊r♠❛ts ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❳▌▲✱ ❲♊r❞✱ ❖♣❡♥❖✣❝❡✱ ✳✳✳✮ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ✿ s♊♠❡✇❀❛t ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ♠✐♥♊r t❛❣❣✐♥❣✱ tr❛♥s❢♊r♠s t♩ ❧♩ts ♊❢ ❢♊r♠❛ts ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❳▌▲✱ ❲♊r❞✱ ❖♣❡♥❖✣❝❡✱ ✳✳✳✮ ■P②t❀♊♥ ♥♊t❡❜♊♊❊s ✿ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ❝♊❞❡✎♠❛t❀✱ ❝♊♠❜✐♥❡s P②t❀♊♥ ❝♊❞❡✱ ✐♥t❡r❛❝t✐✈✐t②✱ ❛♥❞ ✈✐s✉❛❧✐③❛t✐♊♥✱ ❜✉t r❡q✉✐r❡s ❛❧❧ ❝♊❞❡ s♥✐♣♣❡ts t♩ s②♥❝ t♊❣❡t❀❡r ❈♊♥✢✉❡♥❝❡ ✿ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥✲❧✐❊❡ ✐♥♣✉t✱ ✇✐t❀ ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ❝♊♥✈❡rt❡❞ t♩ ❳▌▲ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ✿ q✉✐t❡ ❣♊♊❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ✭❝❢✳ ❲✐❊✐♣❡❞✐❛✎❲✐❊✐❜♊♊❊s✮ ❖t❀❡r ✇✐❩✐ ❢♊r♠❛ts✿ ♥♊ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❣r❡❛t ❢♊r ❝♩❧❧❛❜♩r❛t✐✈❡ ❡❞✐t✐♥❣ ❲♊r❞♣r❡ss ✿ s✉♣♣♊rts ❢✉❧❧ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ❢♊r♠✉❧❛s ♊♥❧② ●♊♊❣❧❡ ❜❧♊❣❣❡r ✿ s✉♣♣♊rts ❢✉❧❧ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▌❛t❀❏❛①

  3. P♊♣✉❧❛r t♩♩❧s ❛♥♥♊ ✷✵✶✹ ❛♥❞ t❀❡✐r ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ▲❛❚❡❳ ✿ ❞❡ ❢❛❝t♩ st❛♥❞❛r❞ ❢♊r ♠❛t❀✲✐♥st❡♥s✐✈❡ ❞♊❝✉♠❡♥ts ♣❞❢▲❛❚❡❳ ✱ ❳❡▲❛❚❡❳ ✱ ▲✉❛▲❛❚❡❳ ✿ t❛❊❡s ♊✈❡r ✭✜❣✉r❡s ✐♥ ♣♥❣✱ ♣❞❢✮ ✲ ✉s❡ t❀❡s❡✊ ▌❙ ❲♊r❞ ✿ t♩♩ ❝❧✐❝❊② ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ❛♥❞ ✉❣❧② ❢♊♥ts✱ ❜✉t ♠✉❝❀ ✉s❡❞ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▌❛t❀❏❛① ✿ ✧❢✉❧❧✧ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ ✱ ❜✉t ♠✉❝❀ t❛❣❣✐♥❣ ❙♣❀✐♥① ✿ s♊♠❡✇❀❛t ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ❣r❡❛t s✉♣♣♊rt ❢♊r ✇❡❜ ❞❡s✐❣♥✱ ❛♥❞ ❧❡ss t❛❣❣❡❞ t❀❛♥ ❍❚▌▲ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t ✿ s✐♠✐❧❛r t♩ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ❜✉t ♥♊ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ tr❛♥s❢♊r♠s t♩ ❧♩ts ♊❢ ❢♊r♠❛ts ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❳▌▲✱ ❲♊r❞✱ ❖♣❡♥❖✣❝❡✱ ✳✳✳✮ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ✿ s♊♠❡✇❀❛t ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ♠✐♥♊r t❛❣❣✐♥❣✱ tr❛♥s❢♊r♠s t♩ ❧♩ts ♊❢ ❢♊r♠❛ts ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❳▌▲✱ ❲♊r❞✱ ❖♣❡♥❖✣❝❡✱ ✳✳✳✮ ■P②t❀♊♥ ♥♊t❡❜♊♊❊s ✿ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ❝♊❞❡✎♠❛t❀✱ ❝♊♠❜✐♥❡s P②t❀♊♥ ❝♊❞❡✱ ✐♥t❡r❛❝t✐✈✐t②✱ ❛♥❞ ✈✐s✉❛❧✐③❛t✐♊♥✱ ❜✉t r❡q✉✐r❡s ❛❧❧ ❝♊❞❡ s♥✐♣♣❡ts t♩ s②♥❝ t♊❣❡t❀❡r ❈♊♥✢✉❡♥❝❡ ✿ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥✲❧✐❊❡ ✐♥♣✉t✱ ✇✐t❀ ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ❝♊♥✈❡rt❡❞ t♩ ❳▌▲ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ✿ q✉✐t❡ ❣♊♊❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ✭❝❢✳ ❲✐❊✐♣❡❞✐❛✎❲✐❊✐❜♊♊❊s✮ ❖t❀❡r ✇✐❩✐ ❢♊r♠❛ts✿ ♥♊ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❣r❡❛t ❢♊r ❝♩❧❧❛❜♩r❛t✐✈❡ ❡❞✐t✐♥❣ ❲♊r❞♣r❡ss ✿ s✉♣♣♊rts ❢✉❧❧ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ❢♊r♠✉❧❛s ♊♥❧② ●♊♊❣❧❡ ❜❧♊❣❣❡r ✿ s✉♣♣♊rts ❢✉❧❧ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▌❛t❀❏❛①

  4. P♊♣✉❧❛r t♩♩❧s ❛♥♥♊ ✷✵✶✹ ❛♥❞ t❀❡✐r ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ▲❛❚❡❳ ✿ ❞❡ ❢❛❝t♩ st❛♥❞❛r❞ ❢♊r ♠❛t❀✲✐♥st❡♥s✐✈❡ ❞♊❝✉♠❡♥ts ♣❞❢▲❛❚❡❳ ✱ ❳❡▲❛❚❡❳ ✱ ▲✉❛▲❛❚❡❳ ✿ t❛❊❡s ♊✈❡r ✭✜❣✉r❡s ✐♥ ♣♥❣✱ ♣❞❢✮ ✲ ✉s❡ t❀❡s❡✊ ▌❙ ❲♊r❞ ✿ t♩♩ ❝❧✐❝❊② ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ❛♥❞ ✉❣❧② ❢♊♥ts✱ ❜✉t ♠✉❝❀ ✉s❡❞ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▌❛t❀❏❛① ✿ ✧❢✉❧❧✧ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ ✱ ❜✉t ♠✉❝❀ t❛❣❣✐♥❣ ❙♣❀✐♥① ✿ s♊♠❡✇❀❛t ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ❣r❡❛t s✉♣♣♊rt ❢♊r ✇❡❜ ❞❡s✐❣♥✱ ❛♥❞ ❧❡ss t❛❣❣❡❞ t❀❛♥ ❍❚▌▲ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t ✿ s✐♠✐❧❛r t♩ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ❜✉t ♥♊ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ tr❛♥s❢♊r♠s t♩ ❧♩ts ♊❢ ❢♊r♠❛ts ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❳▌▲✱ ❲♊r❞✱ ❖♣❡♥❖✣❝❡✱ ✳✳✳✮ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ✿ s♊♠❡✇❀❛t ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ♠✐♥♊r t❛❣❣✐♥❣✱ tr❛♥s❢♊r♠s t♩ ❧♩ts ♊❢ ❢♊r♠❛ts ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❳▌▲✱ ❲♊r❞✱ ❖♣❡♥❖✣❝❡✱ ✳✳✳✮ ■P②t❀♊♥ ♥♊t❡❜♊♊❊s ✿ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ❝♊❞❡✎♠❛t❀✱ ❝♊♠❜✐♥❡s P②t❀♊♥ ❝♊❞❡✱ ✐♥t❡r❛❝t✐✈✐t②✱ ❛♥❞ ✈✐s✉❛❧✐③❛t✐♊♥✱ ❜✉t r❡q✉✐r❡s ❛❧❧ ❝♊❞❡ s♥✐♣♣❡ts t♩ s②♥❝ t♊❣❡t❀❡r ❈♊♥✢✉❡♥❝❡ ✿ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥✲❧✐❊❡ ✐♥♣✉t✱ ✇✐t❀ ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ❝♊♥✈❡rt❡❞ t♩ ❳▌▲ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ✿ q✉✐t❡ ❣♊♊❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ✭❝❢✳ ❲✐❊✐♣❡❞✐❛✎❲✐❊✐❜♊♊❊s✮ ❖t❀❡r ✇✐❩✐ ❢♊r♠❛ts✿ ♥♊ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❣r❡❛t ❢♊r ❝♩❧❧❛❜♩r❛t✐✈❡ ❡❞✐t✐♥❣ ❲♊r❞♣r❡ss ✿ s✉♣♣♊rts ❢✉❧❧ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ❢♊r♠✉❧❛s ♊♥❧② ●♊♊❣❧❡ ❜❧♊❣❣❡r ✿ s✉♣♣♊rts ❢✉❧❧ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▌❛t❀❏❛①

  5. P♊♣✉❧❛r t♩♩❧s ❛♥♥♊ ✷✵✶✹ ❛♥❞ t❀❡✐r ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ▲❛❚❡❳ ✿ ❞❡ ❢❛❝t♩ st❛♥❞❛r❞ ❢♊r ♠❛t❀✲✐♥st❡♥s✐✈❡ ❞♊❝✉♠❡♥ts ♣❞❢▲❛❚❡❳ ✱ ❳❡▲❛❚❡❳ ✱ ▲✉❛▲❛❚❡❳ ✿ t❛❊❡s ♊✈❡r ✭✜❣✉r❡s ✐♥ ♣♥❣✱ ♣❞❢✮ ✲ ✉s❡ t❀❡s❡✊ ▌❙ ❲♊r❞ ✿ t♩♩ ❝❧✐❝❊② ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ❛♥❞ ✉❣❧② ❢♊♥ts✱ ❜✉t ♠✉❝❀ ✉s❡❞ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▌❛t❀❏❛① ✿ ✧❢✉❧❧✧ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ ✱ ❜✉t ♠✉❝❀ t❛❣❣✐♥❣ ❙♣❀✐♥① ✿ s♊♠❡✇❀❛t ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ❣r❡❛t s✉♣♣♊rt ❢♊r ✇❡❜ ❞❡s✐❣♥✱ ❛♥❞ ❧❡ss t❛❣❣❡❞ t❀❛♥ ❍❚▌▲ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t ✿ s✐♠✐❧❛r t♩ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ❜✉t ♥♊ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ tr❛♥s❢♊r♠s t♩ ❧♩ts ♊❢ ❢♊r♠❛ts ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❳▌▲✱ ❲♊r❞✱ ❖♣❡♥❖✣❝❡✱ ✳✳✳✮ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ✿ s♊♠❡✇❀❛t ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ♠✐♥♊r t❛❣❣✐♥❣✱ tr❛♥s❢♊r♠s t♩ ❧♩ts ♊❢ ❢♊r♠❛ts ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❳▌▲✱ ❲♊r❞✱ ❖♣❡♥❖✣❝❡✱ ✳✳✳✮ ■P②t❀♊♥ ♥♊t❡❜♊♊❊s ✿ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ❝♊❞❡✎♠❛t❀✱ ❝♊♠❜✐♥❡s P②t❀♊♥ ❝♊❞❡✱ ✐♥t❡r❛❝t✐✈✐t②✱ ❛♥❞ ✈✐s✉❛❧✐③❛t✐♊♥✱ ❜✉t r❡q✉✐r❡s ❛❧❧ ❝♊❞❡ s♥✐♣♣❡ts t♩ s②♥❝ t♊❣❡t❀❡r ❈♊♥✢✉❡♥❝❡ ✿ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥✲❧✐❊❡ ✐♥♣✉t✱ ✇✐t❀ ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ❝♊♥✈❡rt❡❞ t♩ ❳▌▲ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ✿ q✉✐t❡ ❣♊♊❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ✭❝❢✳ ❲✐❊✐♣❡❞✐❛✎❲✐❊✐❜♊♊❊s✮ ❖t❀❡r ✇✐❩✐ ❢♊r♠❛ts✿ ♥♊ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❣r❡❛t ❢♊r ❝♩❧❧❛❜♩r❛t✐✈❡ ❡❞✐t✐♥❣ ❲♊r❞♣r❡ss ✿ s✉♣♣♊rts ❢✉❧❧ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ❢♊r♠✉❧❛s ♊♥❧② ●♊♊❣❧❡ ❜❧♊❣❣❡r ✿ s✉♣♣♊rts ❢✉❧❧ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▌❛t❀❏❛①

  6. P♊♣✉❧❛r t♩♩❧s ❛♥♥♊ ✷✵✶✹ ❛♥❞ t❀❡✐r ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ▲❛❚❡❳ ✿ ❞❡ ❢❛❝t♩ st❛♥❞❛r❞ ❢♊r ♠❛t❀✲✐♥st❡♥s✐✈❡ ❞♊❝✉♠❡♥ts ♣❞❢▲❛❚❡❳ ✱ ❳❡▲❛❚❡❳ ✱ ▲✉❛▲❛❚❡❳ ✿ t❛❊❡s ♊✈❡r ✭✜❣✉r❡s ✐♥ ♣♥❣✱ ♣❞❢✮ ✲ ✉s❡ t❀❡s❡✊ ▌❙ ❲♊r❞ ✿ t♩♩ ❝❧✐❝❊② ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ❛♥❞ ✉❣❧② ❢♊♥ts✱ ❜✉t ♠✉❝❀ ✉s❡❞ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▌❛t❀❏❛① ✿ ✧❢✉❧❧✧ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ ✱ ❜✉t ♠✉❝❀ t❛❣❣✐♥❣ ❙♣❀✐♥① ✿ s♊♠❡✇❀❛t ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ❣r❡❛t s✉♣♣♊rt ❢♊r ✇❡❜ ❞❡s✐❣♥✱ ❛♥❞ ❧❡ss t❛❣❣❡❞ t❀❛♥ ❍❚▌▲ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t ✿ s✐♠✐❧❛r t♩ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ❜✉t ♥♊ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ tr❛♥s❢♊r♠s t♩ ❧♩ts ♊❢ ❢♊r♠❛ts ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❳▌▲✱ ❲♊r❞✱ ❖♣❡♥❖✣❝❡✱ ✳✳✳✮ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ✿ s♊♠❡✇❀❛t ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ♠✐♥♊r t❛❣❣✐♥❣✱ tr❛♥s❢♊r♠s t♩ ❧♩ts ♊❢ ❢♊r♠❛ts ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❳▌▲✱ ❲♊r❞✱ ❖♣❡♥❖✣❝❡✱ ✳✳✳✮ ■P②t❀♊♥ ♥♊t❡❜♊♊❊s ✿ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ❝♊❞❡✎♠❛t❀✱ ❝♊♠❜✐♥❡s P②t❀♊♥ ❝♊❞❡✱ ✐♥t❡r❛❝t✐✈✐t②✱ ❛♥❞ ✈✐s✉❛❧✐③❛t✐♊♥✱ ❜✉t r❡q✉✐r❡s ❛❧❧ ❝♊❞❡ s♥✐♣♣❡ts t♩ s②♥❝ t♊❣❡t❀❡r ❈♊♥✢✉❡♥❝❡ ✿ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥✲❧✐❊❡ ✐♥♣✉t✱ ✇✐t❀ ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ❝♊♥✈❡rt❡❞ t♩ ❳▌▲ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ✿ q✉✐t❡ ❣♊♊❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ✭❝❢✳ ❲✐❊✐♣❡❞✐❛✎❲✐❊✐❜♊♊❊s✮ ❖t❀❡r ✇✐❩✐ ❢♊r♠❛ts✿ ♥♊ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❣r❡❛t ❢♊r ❝♩❧❧❛❜♩r❛t✐✈❡ ❡❞✐t✐♥❣ ❲♊r❞♣r❡ss ✿ s✉♣♣♊rts ❢✉❧❧ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ❢♊r♠✉❧❛s ♊♥❧② ●♊♊❣❧❡ ❜❧♊❣❣❡r ✿ s✉♣♣♊rts ❢✉❧❧ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▌❛t❀❏❛①

  7. P♊♣✉❧❛r t♩♩❧s ❛♥♥♊ ✷✵✶✹ ❛♥❞ t❀❡✐r ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ▲❛❚❡❳ ✿ ❞❡ ❢❛❝t♩ st❛♥❞❛r❞ ❢♊r ♠❛t❀✲✐♥st❡♥s✐✈❡ ❞♊❝✉♠❡♥ts ♣❞❢▲❛❚❡❳ ✱ ❳❡▲❛❚❡❳ ✱ ▲✉❛▲❛❚❡❳ ✿ t❛❊❡s ♊✈❡r ✭✜❣✉r❡s ✐♥ ♣♥❣✱ ♣❞❢✮ ✲ ✉s❡ t❀❡s❡✊ ▌❙ ❲♊r❞ ✿ t♩♩ ❝❧✐❝❊② ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ❛♥❞ ✉❣❧② ❢♊♥ts✱ ❜✉t ♠✉❝❀ ✉s❡❞ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▌❛t❀❏❛① ✿ ✧❢✉❧❧✧ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ ✱ ❜✉t ♠✉❝❀ t❛❣❣✐♥❣ ❙♣❀✐♥① ✿ s♊♠❡✇❀❛t ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ❣r❡❛t s✉♣♣♊rt ❢♊r ✇❡❜ ❞❡s✐❣♥✱ ❛♥❞ ❧❡ss t❛❣❣❡❞ t❀❛♥ ❍❚▌▲ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t ✿ s✐♠✐❧❛r t♩ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ❜✉t ♥♊ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ tr❛♥s❢♊r♠s t♩ ❧♩ts ♊❢ ❢♊r♠❛ts ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❳▌▲✱ ❲♊r❞✱ ❖♣❡♥❖✣❝❡✱ ✳✳✳✮ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ✿ s♊♠❡✇❀❛t ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ♠✐♥♊r t❛❣❣✐♥❣✱ tr❛♥s❢♊r♠s t♩ ❧♩ts ♊❢ ❢♊r♠❛ts ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❳▌▲✱ ❲♊r❞✱ ❖♣❡♥❖✣❝❡✱ ✳✳✳✮ ■P②t❀♊♥ ♥♊t❡❜♊♊❊s ✿ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ❝♊❞❡✎♠❛t❀✱ ❝♊♠❜✐♥❡s P②t❀♊♥ ❝♊❞❡✱ ✐♥t❡r❛❝t✐✈✐t②✱ ❛♥❞ ✈✐s✉❛❧✐③❛t✐♊♥✱ ❜✉t r❡q✉✐r❡s ❛❧❧ ❝♊❞❡ s♥✐♣♣❡ts t♩ s②♥❝ t♊❣❡t❀❡r ❈♊♥✢✉❡♥❝❡ ✿ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥✲❧✐❊❡ ✐♥♣✉t✱ ✇✐t❀ ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ❝♊♥✈❡rt❡❞ t♩ ❳▌▲ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ✿ q✉✐t❡ ❣♊♊❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ✭❝❢✳ ❲✐❊✐♣❡❞✐❛✎❲✐❊✐❜♊♊❊s✮ ❖t❀❡r ✇✐❩✐ ❢♊r♠❛ts✿ ♥♊ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❣r❡❛t ❢♊r ❝♩❧❧❛❜♩r❛t✐✈❡ ❡❞✐t✐♥❣ ❲♊r❞♣r❡ss ✿ s✉♣♣♊rts ❢✉❧❧ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ❢♊r♠✉❧❛s ♊♥❧② ●♊♊❣❧❡ ❜❧♊❣❣❡r ✿ s✉♣♣♊rts ❢✉❧❧ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▌❛t❀❏❛①

  8. P♊♣✉❧❛r t♩♩❧s ❛♥♥♊ ✷✵✶✹ ❛♥❞ t❀❡✐r ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ▲❛❚❡❳ ✿ ❞❡ ❢❛❝t♩ st❛♥❞❛r❞ ❢♊r ♠❛t❀✲✐♥st❡♥s✐✈❡ ❞♊❝✉♠❡♥ts ♣❞❢▲❛❚❡❳ ✱ ❳❡▲❛❚❡❳ ✱ ▲✉❛▲❛❚❡❳ ✿ t❛❊❡s ♊✈❡r ✭✜❣✉r❡s ✐♥ ♣♥❣✱ ♣❞❢✮ ✲ ✉s❡ t❀❡s❡✊ ▌❙ ❲♊r❞ ✿ t♩♩ ❝❧✐❝❊② ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ❛♥❞ ✉❣❧② ❢♊♥ts✱ ❜✉t ♠✉❝❀ ✉s❡❞ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▌❛t❀❏❛① ✿ ✧❢✉❧❧✧ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ ✱ ❜✉t ♠✉❝❀ t❛❣❣✐♥❣ ❙♣❀✐♥① ✿ s♊♠❡✇❀❛t ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ❣r❡❛t s✉♣♣♊rt ❢♊r ✇❡❜ ❞❡s✐❣♥✱ ❛♥❞ ❧❡ss t❛❣❣❡❞ t❀❛♥ ❍❚▌▲ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t ✿ s✐♠✐❧❛r t♩ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ❜✉t ♥♊ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ tr❛♥s❢♊r♠s t♩ ❧♩ts ♊❢ ❢♊r♠❛ts ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❳▌▲✱ ❲♊r❞✱ ❖♣❡♥❖✣❝❡✱ ✳✳✳✮ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ✿ s♊♠❡✇❀❛t ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ♠✐♥♊r t❛❣❣✐♥❣✱ tr❛♥s❢♊r♠s t♩ ❧♩ts ♊❢ ❢♊r♠❛ts ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❳▌▲✱ ❲♊r❞✱ ❖♣❡♥❖✣❝❡✱ ✳✳✳✮ ■P②t❀♊♥ ♥♊t❡❜♊♊❊s ✿ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ❝♊❞❡✎♠❛t❀✱ ❝♊♠❜✐♥❡s P②t❀♊♥ ❝♊❞❡✱ ✐♥t❡r❛❝t✐✈✐t②✱ ❛♥❞ ✈✐s✉❛❧✐③❛t✐♊♥✱ ❜✉t r❡q✉✐r❡s ❛❧❧ ❝♊❞❡ s♥✐♣♣❡ts t♩ s②♥❝ t♊❣❡t❀❡r ❈♊♥✢✉❡♥❝❡ ✿ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥✲❧✐❊❡ ✐♥♣✉t✱ ✇✐t❀ ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ❝♊♥✈❡rt❡❞ t♩ ❳▌▲ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ✿ q✉✐t❡ ❣♊♊❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ✭❝❢✳ ❲✐❊✐♣❡❞✐❛✎❲✐❊✐❜♊♊❊s✮ ❖t❀❡r ✇✐❩✐ ❢♊r♠❛ts✿ ♥♊ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❣r❡❛t ❢♊r ❝♩❧❧❛❜♩r❛t✐✈❡ ❡❞✐t✐♥❣ ❲♊r❞♣r❡ss ✿ s✉♣♣♊rts ❢✉❧❧ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ❢♊r♠✉❧❛s ♊♥❧② ●♊♊❣❧❡ ❜❧♊❣❣❡r ✿ s✉♣♣♊rts ❢✉❧❧ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▌❛t❀❏❛①

  9. P♊♣✉❧❛r t♩♩❧s ❛♥♥♊ ✷✵✶✹ ❛♥❞ t❀❡✐r ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ▲❛❚❡❳ ✿ ❞❡ ❢❛❝t♩ st❛♥❞❛r❞ ❢♊r ♠❛t❀✲✐♥st❡♥s✐✈❡ ❞♊❝✉♠❡♥ts ♣❞❢▲❛❚❡❳ ✱ ❳❡▲❛❚❡❳ ✱ ▲✉❛▲❛❚❡❳ ✿ t❛❊❡s ♊✈❡r ✭✜❣✉r❡s ✐♥ ♣♥❣✱ ♣❞❢✮ ✲ ✉s❡ t❀❡s❡✊ ▌❙ ❲♊r❞ ✿ t♩♩ ❝❧✐❝❊② ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ❛♥❞ ✉❣❧② ❢♊♥ts✱ ❜✉t ♠✉❝❀ ✉s❡❞ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▌❛t❀❏❛① ✿ ✧❢✉❧❧✧ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ ✱ ❜✉t ♠✉❝❀ t❛❣❣✐♥❣ ❙♣❀✐♥① ✿ s♊♠❡✇❀❛t ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ❣r❡❛t s✉♣♣♊rt ❢♊r ✇❡❜ ❞❡s✐❣♥✱ ❛♥❞ ❧❡ss t❛❣❣❡❞ t❀❛♥ ❍❚▌▲ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t ✿ s✐♠✐❧❛r t♩ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ❜✉t ♥♊ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ tr❛♥s❢♊r♠s t♩ ❧♩ts ♊❢ ❢♊r♠❛ts ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❳▌▲✱ ❲♊r❞✱ ❖♣❡♥❖✣❝❡✱ ✳✳✳✮ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ✿ s♊♠❡✇❀❛t ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ♠✐♥♊r t❛❣❣✐♥❣✱ tr❛♥s❢♊r♠s t♩ ❧♩ts ♊❢ ❢♊r♠❛ts ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❳▌▲✱ ❲♊r❞✱ ❖♣❡♥❖✣❝❡✱ ✳✳✳✮ ■P②t❀♊♥ ♥♊t❡❜♊♊❊s ✿ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ❝♊❞❡✎♠❛t❀✱ ❝♊♠❜✐♥❡s P②t❀♊♥ ❝♊❞❡✱ ✐♥t❡r❛❝t✐✈✐t②✱ ❛♥❞ ✈✐s✉❛❧✐③❛t✐♊♥✱ ❜✉t r❡q✉✐r❡s ❛❧❧ ❝♊❞❡ s♥✐♣♣❡ts t♩ s②♥❝ t♊❣❡t❀❡r ❈♊♥✢✉❡♥❝❡ ✿ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥✲❧✐❊❡ ✐♥♣✉t✱ ✇✐t❀ ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ❝♊♥✈❡rt❡❞ t♩ ❳▌▲ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ✿ q✉✐t❡ ❣♊♊❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ✭❝❢✳ ❲✐❊✐♣❡❞✐❛✎❲✐❊✐❜♊♊❊s✮ ❖t❀❡r ✇✐❩✐ ❢♊r♠❛ts✿ ♥♊ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❣r❡❛t ❢♊r ❝♩❧❧❛❜♩r❛t✐✈❡ ❡❞✐t✐♥❣ ❲♊r❞♣r❡ss ✿ s✉♣♣♊rts ❢✉❧❧ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ❢♊r♠✉❧❛s ♊♥❧② ●♊♊❣❧❡ ❜❧♊❣❣❡r ✿ s✉♣♣♊rts ❢✉❧❧ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▌❛t❀❏❛①

  10. P♊♣✉❧❛r t♩♩❧s ❛♥♥♊ ✷✵✶✹ ❛♥❞ t❀❡✐r ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ▲❛❚❡❳ ✿ ❞❡ ❢❛❝t♩ st❛♥❞❛r❞ ❢♊r ♠❛t❀✲✐♥st❡♥s✐✈❡ ❞♊❝✉♠❡♥ts ♣❞❢▲❛❚❡❳ ✱ ❳❡▲❛❚❡❳ ✱ ▲✉❛▲❛❚❡❳ ✿ t❛❊❡s ♊✈❡r ✭✜❣✉r❡s ✐♥ ♣♥❣✱ ♣❞❢✮ ✲ ✉s❡ t❀❡s❡✊ ▌❙ ❲♊r❞ ✿ t♩♩ ❝❧✐❝❊② ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ❛♥❞ ✉❣❧② ❢♊♥ts✱ ❜✉t ♠✉❝❀ ✉s❡❞ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▌❛t❀❏❛① ✿ ✧❢✉❧❧✧ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ ✱ ❜✉t ♠✉❝❀ t❛❣❣✐♥❣ ❙♣❀✐♥① ✿ s♊♠❡✇❀❛t ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ❣r❡❛t s✉♣♣♊rt ❢♊r ✇❡❜ ❞❡s✐❣♥✱ ❛♥❞ ❧❡ss t❛❣❣❡❞ t❀❛♥ ❍❚▌▲ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t ✿ s✐♠✐❧❛r t♩ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ❜✉t ♥♊ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ tr❛♥s❢♊r♠s t♩ ❧♩ts ♊❢ ❢♊r♠❛ts ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❳▌▲✱ ❲♊r❞✱ ❖♣❡♥❖✣❝❡✱ ✳✳✳✮ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ✿ s♊♠❡✇❀❛t ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ♠✐♥♊r t❛❣❣✐♥❣✱ tr❛♥s❢♊r♠s t♩ ❧♩ts ♊❢ ❢♊r♠❛ts ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❳▌▲✱ ❲♊r❞✱ ❖♣❡♥❖✣❝❡✱ ✳✳✳✮ ■P②t❀♊♥ ♥♊t❡❜♊♊❊s ✿ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ❝♊❞❡✎♠❛t❀✱ ❝♊♠❜✐♥❡s P②t❀♊♥ ❝♊❞❡✱ ✐♥t❡r❛❝t✐✈✐t②✱ ❛♥❞ ✈✐s✉❛❧✐③❛t✐♊♥✱ ❜✉t r❡q✉✐r❡s ❛❧❧ ❝♊❞❡ s♥✐♣♣❡ts t♩ s②♥❝ t♊❣❡t❀❡r ❈♊♥✢✉❡♥❝❡ ✿ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥✲❧✐❊❡ ✐♥♣✉t✱ ✇✐t❀ ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ❝♊♥✈❡rt❡❞ t♩ ❳▌▲ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ✿ q✉✐t❡ ❣♊♊❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ✭❝❢✳ ❲✐❊✐♣❡❞✐❛✎❲✐❊✐❜♊♊❊s✮ ❖t❀❡r ✇✐❩✐ ❢♊r♠❛ts✿ ♥♊ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❣r❡❛t ❢♊r ❝♩❧❧❛❜♩r❛t✐✈❡ ❡❞✐t✐♥❣ ❲♊r❞♣r❡ss ✿ s✉♣♣♊rts ❢✉❧❧ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ❢♊r♠✉❧❛s ♊♥❧② ●♊♊❣❧❡ ❜❧♊❣❣❡r ✿ s✉♣♣♊rts ❢✉❧❧ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▌❛t❀❏❛①

  11. P♊♣✉❧❛r t♩♩❧s ❛♥♥♊ ✷✵✶✹ ❛♥❞ t❀❡✐r ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ▲❛❚❡❳ ✿ ❞❡ ❢❛❝t♩ st❛♥❞❛r❞ ❢♊r ♠❛t❀✲✐♥st❡♥s✐✈❡ ❞♊❝✉♠❡♥ts ♣❞❢▲❛❚❡❳ ✱ ❳❡▲❛❚❡❳ ✱ ▲✉❛▲❛❚❡❳ ✿ t❛❊❡s ♊✈❡r ✭✜❣✉r❡s ✐♥ ♣♥❣✱ ♣❞❢✮ ✲ ✉s❡ t❀❡s❡✊ ▌❙ ❲♊r❞ ✿ t♩♩ ❝❧✐❝❊② ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ❛♥❞ ✉❣❧② ❢♊♥ts✱ ❜✉t ♠✉❝❀ ✉s❡❞ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▌❛t❀❏❛① ✿ ✧❢✉❧❧✧ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ ✱ ❜✉t ♠✉❝❀ t❛❣❣✐♥❣ ❙♣❀✐♥① ✿ s♊♠❡✇❀❛t ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ❣r❡❛t s✉♣♣♊rt ❢♊r ✇❡❜ ❞❡s✐❣♥✱ ❛♥❞ ❧❡ss t❛❣❣❡❞ t❀❛♥ ❍❚▌▲ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t ✿ s✐♠✐❧❛r t♩ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ❜✉t ♥♊ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ tr❛♥s❢♊r♠s t♩ ❧♩ts ♊❢ ❢♊r♠❛ts ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❳▌▲✱ ❲♊r❞✱ ❖♣❡♥❖✣❝❡✱ ✳✳✳✮ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ✿ s♊♠❡✇❀❛t ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ♠✐♥♊r t❛❣❣✐♥❣✱ tr❛♥s❢♊r♠s t♩ ❧♩ts ♊❢ ❢♊r♠❛ts ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❳▌▲✱ ❲♊r❞✱ ❖♣❡♥❖✣❝❡✱ ✳✳✳✮ ■P②t❀♊♥ ♥♊t❡❜♊♊❊s ✿ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ❝♊❞❡✎♠❛t❀✱ ❝♊♠❜✐♥❡s P②t❀♊♥ ❝♊❞❡✱ ✐♥t❡r❛❝t✐✈✐t②✱ ❛♥❞ ✈✐s✉❛❧✐③❛t✐♊♥✱ ❜✉t r❡q✉✐r❡s ❛❧❧ ❝♊❞❡ s♥✐♣♣❡ts t♩ s②♥❝ t♊❣❡t❀❡r ❈♊♥✢✉❡♥❝❡ ✿ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥✲❧✐❊❡ ✐♥♣✉t✱ ✇✐t❀ ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ❝♊♥✈❡rt❡❞ t♩ ❳▌▲ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ✿ q✉✐t❡ ❣♊♊❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ✭❝❢✳ ❲✐❊✐♣❡❞✐❛✎❲✐❊✐❜♊♊❊s✮ ❖t❀❡r ✇✐❩✐ ❢♊r♠❛ts✿ ♥♊ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❣r❡❛t ❢♊r ❝♩❧❧❛❜♩r❛t✐✈❡ ❡❞✐t✐♥❣ ❲♊r❞♣r❡ss ✿ s✉♣♣♊rts ❢✉❧❧ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ❢♊r♠✉❧❛s ♊♥❧② ●♊♊❣❧❡ ❜❧♊❣❣❡r ✿ s✉♣♣♊rts ❢✉❧❧ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▌❛t❀❏❛①

  12. P♊♣✉❧❛r t♩♩❧s ❛♥♥♊ ✷✵✶✹ ❛♥❞ t❀❡✐r ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ▲❛❚❡❳ ✿ ❞❡ ❢❛❝t♩ st❛♥❞❛r❞ ❢♊r ♠❛t❀✲✐♥st❡♥s✐✈❡ ❞♊❝✉♠❡♥ts ♣❞❢▲❛❚❡❳ ✱ ❳❡▲❛❚❡❳ ✱ ▲✉❛▲❛❚❡❳ ✿ t❛❊❡s ♊✈❡r ✭✜❣✉r❡s ✐♥ ♣♥❣✱ ♣❞❢✮ ✲ ✉s❡ t❀❡s❡✊ ▌❙ ❲♊r❞ ✿ t♩♩ ❝❧✐❝❊② ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ❛♥❞ ✉❣❧② ❢♊♥ts✱ ❜✉t ♠✉❝❀ ✉s❡❞ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▌❛t❀❏❛① ✿ ✧❢✉❧❧✧ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ ✱ ❜✉t ♠✉❝❀ t❛❣❣✐♥❣ ❙♣❀✐♥① ✿ s♊♠❡✇❀❛t ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ❣r❡❛t s✉♣♣♊rt ❢♊r ✇❡❜ ❞❡s✐❣♥✱ ❛♥❞ ❧❡ss t❛❣❣❡❞ t❀❛♥ ❍❚▌▲ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t ✿ s✐♠✐❧❛r t♩ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ❜✉t ♥♊ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ tr❛♥s❢♊r♠s t♩ ❧♩ts ♊❢ ❢♊r♠❛ts ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❳▌▲✱ ❲♊r❞✱ ❖♣❡♥❖✣❝❡✱ ✳✳✳✮ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ✿ s♊♠❡✇❀❛t ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ♠✐♥♊r t❛❣❣✐♥❣✱ tr❛♥s❢♊r♠s t♩ ❧♩ts ♊❢ ❢♊r♠❛ts ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❳▌▲✱ ❲♊r❞✱ ❖♣❡♥❖✣❝❡✱ ✳✳✳✮ ■P②t❀♊♥ ♥♊t❡❜♊♊❊s ✿ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ❝♊❞❡✎♠❛t❀✱ ❝♊♠❜✐♥❡s P②t❀♊♥ ❝♊❞❡✱ ✐♥t❡r❛❝t✐✈✐t②✱ ❛♥❞ ✈✐s✉❛❧✐③❛t✐♊♥✱ ❜✉t r❡q✉✐r❡s ❛❧❧ ❝♊❞❡ s♥✐♣♣❡ts t♩ s②♥❝ t♊❣❡t❀❡r ❈♊♥✢✉❡♥❝❡ ✿ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥✲❧✐❊❡ ✐♥♣✉t✱ ✇✐t❀ ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ❝♊♥✈❡rt❡❞ t♩ ❳▌▲ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ✿ q✉✐t❡ ❣♊♊❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ✭❝❢✳ ❲✐❊✐♣❡❞✐❛✎❲✐❊✐❜♊♊❊s✮ ❖t❀❡r ✇✐❩✐ ❢♊r♠❛ts✿ ♥♊ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❣r❡❛t ❢♊r ❝♩❧❧❛❜♩r❛t✐✈❡ ❡❞✐t✐♥❣ ❲♊r❞♣r❡ss ✿ s✉♣♣♊rts ❢✉❧❧ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ❢♊r♠✉❧❛s ♊♥❧② ●♊♊❣❧❡ ❜❧♊❣❣❡r ✿ s✉♣♣♊rts ❢✉❧❧ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▌❛t❀❏❛①

  13. P♊♣✉❧❛r t♩♩❧s ❛♥♥♊ ✷✵✶✹ ❛♥❞ t❀❡✐r ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ▲❛❚❡❳ ✿ ❞❡ ❢❛❝t♩ st❛♥❞❛r❞ ❢♊r ♠❛t❀✲✐♥st❡♥s✐✈❡ ❞♊❝✉♠❡♥ts ♣❞❢▲❛❚❡❳ ✱ ❳❡▲❛❚❡❳ ✱ ▲✉❛▲❛❚❡❳ ✿ t❛❊❡s ♊✈❡r ✭✜❣✉r❡s ✐♥ ♣♥❣✱ ♣❞❢✮ ✲ ✉s❡ t❀❡s❡✊ ▌❙ ❲♊r❞ ✿ t♩♩ ❝❧✐❝❊② ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ❛♥❞ ✉❣❧② ❢♊♥ts✱ ❜✉t ♠✉❝❀ ✉s❡❞ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▌❛t❀❏❛① ✿ ✧❢✉❧❧✧ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ ✱ ❜✉t ♠✉❝❀ t❛❣❣✐♥❣ ❙♣❀✐♥① ✿ s♊♠❡✇❀❛t ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ❣r❡❛t s✉♣♣♊rt ❢♊r ✇❡❜ ❞❡s✐❣♥✱ ❛♥❞ ❧❡ss t❛❣❣❡❞ t❀❛♥ ❍❚▌▲ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t ✿ s✐♠✐❧❛r t♩ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ❜✉t ♥♊ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ tr❛♥s❢♊r♠s t♩ ❧♩ts ♊❢ ❢♊r♠❛ts ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❳▌▲✱ ❲♊r❞✱ ❖♣❡♥❖✣❝❡✱ ✳✳✳✮ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ✿ s♊♠❡✇❀❛t ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ♠✐♥♊r t❛❣❣✐♥❣✱ tr❛♥s❢♊r♠s t♩ ❧♩ts ♊❢ ❢♊r♠❛ts ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❳▌▲✱ ❲♊r❞✱ ❖♣❡♥❖✣❝❡✱ ✳✳✳✮ ■P②t❀♊♥ ♥♊t❡❜♊♊❊s ✿ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ❝♊❞❡✎♠❛t❀✱ ❝♊♠❜✐♥❡s P②t❀♊♥ ❝♊❞❡✱ ✐♥t❡r❛❝t✐✈✐t②✱ ❛♥❞ ✈✐s✉❛❧✐③❛t✐♊♥✱ ❜✉t r❡q✉✐r❡s ❛❧❧ ❝♊❞❡ s♥✐♣♣❡ts t♩ s②♥❝ t♊❣❡t❀❡r ❈♊♥✢✉❡♥❝❡ ✿ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥✲❧✐❊❡ ✐♥♣✉t✱ ✇✐t❀ ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❜✉t ❝♊♥✈❡rt❡❞ t♩ ❳▌▲ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ✿ q✉✐t❡ ❣♊♊❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ✭❝❢✳ ❲✐❊✐♣❡❞✐❛✎❲✐❊✐❜♊♊❊s✮ ❖t❀❡r ✇✐❩✐ ❢♊r♠❛ts✿ ♥♊ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✱ ❣r❡❛t ❢♊r ❝♩❧❧❛❜♩r❛t✐✈❡ ❡❞✐t✐♥❣ ❲♊r❞♣r❡ss ✿ s✉♣♣♊rts ❢✉❧❧ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ❢♊r♠✉❧❛s ♊♥❧② ●♊♊❣❧❡ ❜❧♊❣❣❡r ✿ s✉♣♣♊rts ❢✉❧❧ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ ▌❛t❀❏❛①

  14. ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✐s ✈❡r② r✐❝❀❀ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s s✉♣♣♊rt ♠✉❝❀ ❧❡ss ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ❀❛s ❧♩ts ♊❢ ❢❛♥❝② ❧❛②♊✉ts✱ ❜✉t ❢❡✇ tr❛♥s❧❛t❡s t♩ ♩t❀❡r ❢♊r♠❛ts ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✐♥❧✐♥❡ ♠❛t❀✿ ✇♩r❊s ✇✐t❀ ❛❧❧ ♠❛t❀✲❡♥❛❜❧❡❞ ❢♊r♠❛ts ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ▌❛t❀❏❛①✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐✱ ❈♊♥✢✉❡♥❝❡✱ ✳✳✳✮ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥ ♠❛t❀✿ ▲❛❚❡❳ ✿ ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥✯ ✱ ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥ ✱ ❛❧✐❣♥✯ ✱ ❛❧✐❣♥ ✰ ❡q♥❛rr❛② ✱ s♣❧✐t ✱ ❛❧✐❣♥❛t ✱ ✳✳✳ ✭♥✉♠❡r♩✉s✊✮ ▌❛t❀❏❛① ✿ ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥✯ ✱ ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥ ✱ ❛❧✐❣♥✯ ✱ ❛❧✐❣♥ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ✿ ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥✯ ✱ ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥ ✱ ❛❧✐❣♥✯ ✱ ❛❧✐❣♥ ❙♣❀✐♥① ✿ ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥✯ ✱ ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥ ✱ ❛❧✐❣♥✯ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ✿ ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥✯ ✱ ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥ ✱ ❡q♥❛rr❛②✯ ✱ ❛❧✐❣♥✯ ✭❜✉t ♥♊ ❧❛❜❡❧s✮

  15. ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✐s ✈❡r② r✐❝❀❀ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s s✉♣♣♊rt ♠✉❝❀ ❧❡ss ❋✐❣✉r❡s✿ ❛❧❧ ▌♊✈✐❡s✿ r❛✇ ❍❚▌▲ ♩r ❚♊✉❚✉❜❡✎❱✐♠❡♊✱ ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✮ ❙✉❜✜❣✉r❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✭ s✉❜❢✐❣✉r❡ ✮ ❋❧♩❛t✐♥❣ ❝♊♠♣✉t❡r ❝♊❞❡✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳❀ ✜①❡❞ ❝♊♠♣✉t❡r ❝♊❞❡✿ ❛❧❧ ❋❧♩❛t✐♥❣ t❛❜❧❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳❀ ✜①❡❞ t❛❜❧❡s✿ ❛❧❧ ❆❧❣♊r✐t❀♠s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ P❛❣❡ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ❈r♩ss r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✭❛❧s♩ t♩ ❡①t❡r♥❛❧ ❞♊❝✳✮ ❊q✉❛t✐♊♥ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①

  16. ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✐s ✈❡r② r✐❝❀❀ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s s✉♣♣♊rt ♠✉❝❀ ❧❡ss ❋✐❣✉r❡s✿ ❛❧❧ ▌♊✈✐❡s✿ r❛✇ ❍❚▌▲ ♩r ❚♊✉❚✉❜❡✎❱✐♠❡♊✱ ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✮ ❙✉❜✜❣✉r❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✭ s✉❜❢✐❣✉r❡ ✮ ❋❧♩❛t✐♥❣ ❝♊♠♣✉t❡r ❝♊❞❡✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳❀ ✜①❡❞ ❝♊♠♣✉t❡r ❝♊❞❡✿ ❛❧❧ ❋❧♩❛t✐♥❣ t❛❜❧❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳❀ ✜①❡❞ t❛❜❧❡s✿ ❛❧❧ ❆❧❣♊r✐t❀♠s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ P❛❣❡ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ❈r♩ss r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✭❛❧s♩ t♩ ❡①t❡r♥❛❧ ❞♊❝✳✮ ❊q✉❛t✐♊♥ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①

  17. ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✐s ✈❡r② r✐❝❀❀ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s s✉♣♣♊rt ♠✉❝❀ ❧❡ss ❋✐❣✉r❡s✿ ❛❧❧ ▌♊✈✐❡s✿ r❛✇ ❍❚▌▲ ♩r ❚♊✉❚✉❜❡✎❱✐♠❡♊✱ ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✮ ❙✉❜✜❣✉r❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✭ s✉❜❢✐❣✉r❡ ✮ ❋❧♩❛t✐♥❣ ❝♊♠♣✉t❡r ❝♊❞❡✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳❀ ✜①❡❞ ❝♊♠♣✉t❡r ❝♊❞❡✿ ❛❧❧ ❋❧♩❛t✐♥❣ t❛❜❧❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳❀ ✜①❡❞ t❛❜❧❡s✿ ❛❧❧ ❆❧❣♊r✐t❀♠s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ P❛❣❡ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ❈r♩ss r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✭❛❧s♩ t♩ ❡①t❡r♥❛❧ ❞♊❝✳✮ ❊q✉❛t✐♊♥ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①

  18. ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✐s ✈❡r② r✐❝❀❀ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s s✉♣♣♊rt ♠✉❝❀ ❧❡ss ❋✐❣✉r❡s✿ ❛❧❧ ▌♊✈✐❡s✿ r❛✇ ❍❚▌▲ ♩r ❚♊✉❚✉❜❡✎❱✐♠❡♊✱ ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✮ ❙✉❜✜❣✉r❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✭ s✉❜❢✐❣✉r❡ ✮ ❋❧♩❛t✐♥❣ ❝♊♠♣✉t❡r ❝♊❞❡✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳❀ ✜①❡❞ ❝♊♠♣✉t❡r ❝♊❞❡✿ ❛❧❧ ❋❧♩❛t✐♥❣ t❛❜❧❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳❀ ✜①❡❞ t❛❜❧❡s✿ ❛❧❧ ❆❧❣♊r✐t❀♠s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ P❛❣❡ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ❈r♩ss r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✭❛❧s♩ t♩ ❡①t❡r♥❛❧ ❞♊❝✳✮ ❊q✉❛t✐♊♥ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①

  19. ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✐s ✈❡r② r✐❝❀❀ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s s✉♣♣♊rt ♠✉❝❀ ❧❡ss ❋✐❣✉r❡s✿ ❛❧❧ ▌♊✈✐❡s✿ r❛✇ ❍❚▌▲ ♩r ❚♊✉❚✉❜❡✎❱✐♠❡♊✱ ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✮ ❙✉❜✜❣✉r❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✭ s✉❜❢✐❣✉r❡ ✮ ❋❧♩❛t✐♥❣ ❝♊♠♣✉t❡r ❝♊❞❡✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳❀ ✜①❡❞ ❝♊♠♣✉t❡r ❝♊❞❡✿ ❛❧❧ ❋❧♩❛t✐♥❣ t❛❜❧❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳❀ ✜①❡❞ t❛❜❧❡s✿ ❛❧❧ ❆❧❣♊r✐t❀♠s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ P❛❣❡ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ❈r♩ss r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✭❛❧s♩ t♩ ❡①t❡r♥❛❧ ❞♊❝✳✮ ❊q✉❛t✐♊♥ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①

  20. ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✐s ✈❡r② r✐❝❀❀ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s s✉♣♣♊rt ♠✉❝❀ ❧❡ss ❋✐❣✉r❡s✿ ❛❧❧ ▌♊✈✐❡s✿ r❛✇ ❍❚▌▲ ♩r ❚♊✉❚✉❜❡✎❱✐♠❡♊✱ ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✮ ❙✉❜✜❣✉r❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✭ s✉❜❢✐❣✉r❡ ✮ ❋❧♩❛t✐♥❣ ❝♊♠♣✉t❡r ❝♊❞❡✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳❀ ✜①❡❞ ❝♊♠♣✉t❡r ❝♊❞❡✿ ❛❧❧ ❋❧♩❛t✐♥❣ t❛❜❧❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳❀ ✜①❡❞ t❛❜❧❡s✿ ❛❧❧ ❆❧❣♊r✐t❀♠s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ P❛❣❡ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ❈r♩ss r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✭❛❧s♩ t♩ ❡①t❡r♥❛❧ ❞♊❝✳✮ ❊q✉❛t✐♊♥ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①

  21. ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✐s ✈❡r② r✐❝❀❀ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s s✉♣♣♊rt ♠✉❝❀ ❧❡ss ❋✐❣✉r❡s✿ ❛❧❧ ▌♊✈✐❡s✿ r❛✇ ❍❚▌▲ ♩r ❚♊✉❚✉❜❡✎❱✐♠❡♊✱ ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✮ ❙✉❜✜❣✉r❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✭ s✉❜❢✐❣✉r❡ ✮ ❋❧♩❛t✐♥❣ ❝♊♠♣✉t❡r ❝♊❞❡✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳❀ ✜①❡❞ ❝♊♠♣✉t❡r ❝♊❞❡✿ ❛❧❧ ❋❧♩❛t✐♥❣ t❛❜❧❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳❀ ✜①❡❞ t❛❜❧❡s✿ ❛❧❧ ❆❧❣♊r✐t❀♠s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ P❛❣❡ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ❈r♩ss r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✭❛❧s♩ t♩ ❡①t❡r♥❛❧ ❞♊❝✳✮ ❊q✉❛t✐♊♥ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①

  22. ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✐s ✈❡r② r✐❝❀❀ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s s✉♣♣♊rt ♠✉❝❀ ❧❡ss ❋✐❣✉r❡s✿ ❛❧❧ ▌♊✈✐❡s✿ r❛✇ ❍❚▌▲ ♩r ❚♊✉❚✉❜❡✎❱✐♠❡♊✱ ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✮ ❙✉❜✜❣✉r❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✭ s✉❜❢✐❣✉r❡ ✮ ❋❧♩❛t✐♥❣ ❝♊♠♣✉t❡r ❝♊❞❡✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳❀ ✜①❡❞ ❝♊♠♣✉t❡r ❝♊❞❡✿ ❛❧❧ ❋❧♩❛t✐♥❣ t❛❜❧❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳❀ ✜①❡❞ t❛❜❧❡s✿ ❛❧❧ ❆❧❣♊r✐t❀♠s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ P❛❣❡ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ❈r♩ss r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✭❛❧s♩ t♩ ❡①t❡r♥❛❧ ❞♊❝✳✮ ❊q✉❛t✐♊♥ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①

  23. ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✐s ✈❡r② r✐❝❀❀ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s s✉♣♣♊rt ♠✉❝❀ ❧❡ss ❋✐❣✉r❡s✿ ❛❧❧ ▌♊✈✐❡s✿ r❛✇ ❍❚▌▲ ♩r ❚♊✉❚✉❜❡✎❱✐♠❡♊✱ ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✮ ❙✉❜✜❣✉r❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✭ s✉❜❢✐❣✉r❡ ✮ ❋❧♩❛t✐♥❣ ❝♊♠♣✉t❡r ❝♊❞❡✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳❀ ✜①❡❞ ❝♊♠♣✉t❡r ❝♊❞❡✿ ❛❧❧ ❋❧♩❛t✐♥❣ t❛❜❧❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳❀ ✜①❡❞ t❛❜❧❡s✿ ❛❧❧ ❆❧❣♊r✐t❀♠s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ P❛❣❡ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ❈r♩ss r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✭❛❧s♩ t♩ ❡①t❡r♥❛❧ ❞♊❝✳✮ ❊q✉❛t✐♊♥ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①

  24. ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✐s ✈❡r② r✐❝❀❀ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s s✉♣♣♊rt ♠✉❝❀ ❧❡ss ❋✐❣✉r❡s✿ ❛❧❧ ▌♊✈✐❡s✿ r❛✇ ❍❚▌▲ ♩r ❚♊✉❚✉❜❡✎❱✐♠❡♊✱ ✭▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✮ ❙✉❜✜❣✉r❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✭ s✉❜❢✐❣✉r❡ ✮ ❋❧♩❛t✐♥❣ ❝♊♠♣✉t❡r ❝♊❞❡✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳❀ ✜①❡❞ ❝♊♠♣✉t❡r ❝♊❞❡✿ ❛❧❧ ❋❧♩❛t✐♥❣ t❛❜❧❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳❀ ✜①❡❞ t❛❜❧❡s✿ ❛❧❧ ❆❧❣♊r✐t❀♠s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ P❛❣❡ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ❈r♩ss r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✭❛❧s♩ t♩ ❡①t❡r♥❛❧ ❞♊❝✳✮ ❊q✉❛t✐♊♥ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①

  25. ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✐s ✈❡r② r✐❝❀❀ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s s✉♣♣♊rt ♠✉❝❀ ❧❡ss ▌❛r❣✐♥ ♥♊t❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ t❛✐❧♩r❡❞ ❝ss ❝♊❞❡ ❋♩♩t♥♊t❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ❇✐❜❧✐♊❣r❛♣❀②✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ■♥❞❡①✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❙♣❀✐♥① ❍②♣❡r❧✐♥❊s✿ ❛❧❧ ✭❜✉t ♥♊t ♊♥ ♣❛♣❡r✊✮ ■♥t❡r❛❝t✐✈❡ ♣r♊❣r❛♠s✿ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ■P②t❀♊♥ ♥♊t❡❜♊♊❊✱ r❛✇ ❍❚▌▲ ❙❡❛r❝❀✐♥❣ ✐♥ ♠✉❧t✐✲♣❛❣❡ ❞♊❝✳✿ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐✱ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ P❉❋ ❍✐❣❀❧② ♥♊♥✲tr✐✈✐❛❧ t♩ tr❛♥s❧❛t❡ ❢r♩♠✮t♩ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✊

  26. ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✐s ✈❡r② r✐❝❀❀ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s s✉♣♣♊rt ♠✉❝❀ ❧❡ss ▌❛r❣✐♥ ♥♊t❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ t❛✐❧♩r❡❞ ❝ss ❝♊❞❡ ❋♩♩t♥♊t❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ❇✐❜❧✐♊❣r❛♣❀②✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ■♥❞❡①✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❙♣❀✐♥① ❍②♣❡r❧✐♥❊s✿ ❛❧❧ ✭❜✉t ♥♊t ♊♥ ♣❛♣❡r✊✮ ■♥t❡r❛❝t✐✈❡ ♣r♊❣r❛♠s✿ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ■P②t❀♊♥ ♥♊t❡❜♊♊❊✱ r❛✇ ❍❚▌▲ ❙❡❛r❝❀✐♥❣ ✐♥ ♠✉❧t✐✲♣❛❣❡ ❞♊❝✳✿ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐✱ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ P❉❋ ❍✐❣❀❧② ♥♊♥✲tr✐✈✐❛❧ t♩ tr❛♥s❧❛t❡ ❢r♩♠✮t♩ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✊

  27. ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✐s ✈❡r② r✐❝❀❀ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s s✉♣♣♊rt ♠✉❝❀ ❧❡ss ▌❛r❣✐♥ ♥♊t❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ t❛✐❧♩r❡❞ ❝ss ❝♊❞❡ ❋♩♩t♥♊t❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ❇✐❜❧✐♊❣r❛♣❀②✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ■♥❞❡①✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❙♣❀✐♥① ❍②♣❡r❧✐♥❊s✿ ❛❧❧ ✭❜✉t ♥♊t ♊♥ ♣❛♣❡r✊✮ ■♥t❡r❛❝t✐✈❡ ♣r♊❣r❛♠s✿ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ■P②t❀♊♥ ♥♊t❡❜♊♊❊✱ r❛✇ ❍❚▌▲ ❙❡❛r❝❀✐♥❣ ✐♥ ♠✉❧t✐✲♣❛❣❡ ❞♊❝✳✿ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐✱ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ P❉❋ ❍✐❣❀❧② ♥♊♥✲tr✐✈✐❛❧ t♩ tr❛♥s❧❛t❡ ❢r♩♠✮t♩ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✊

  28. ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✐s ✈❡r② r✐❝❀❀ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s s✉♣♣♊rt ♠✉❝❀ ❧❡ss ▌❛r❣✐♥ ♥♊t❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ t❛✐❧♩r❡❞ ❝ss ❝♊❞❡ ❋♩♩t♥♊t❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ❇✐❜❧✐♊❣r❛♣❀②✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ■♥❞❡①✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❙♣❀✐♥① ❍②♣❡r❧✐♥❊s✿ ❛❧❧ ✭❜✉t ♥♊t ♊♥ ♣❛♣❡r✊✮ ■♥t❡r❛❝t✐✈❡ ♣r♊❣r❛♠s✿ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ■P②t❀♊♥ ♥♊t❡❜♊♊❊✱ r❛✇ ❍❚▌▲ ❙❡❛r❝❀✐♥❣ ✐♥ ♠✉❧t✐✲♣❛❣❡ ❞♊❝✳✿ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐✱ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ P❉❋ ❍✐❣❀❧② ♥♊♥✲tr✐✈✐❛❧ t♩ tr❛♥s❧❛t❡ ❢r♩♠✮t♩ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✊

  29. ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✐s ✈❡r② r✐❝❀❀ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s s✉♣♣♊rt ♠✉❝❀ ❧❡ss ▌❛r❣✐♥ ♥♊t❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ t❛✐❧♩r❡❞ ❝ss ❝♊❞❡ ❋♩♩t♥♊t❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ❇✐❜❧✐♊❣r❛♣❀②✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ■♥❞❡①✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❙♣❀✐♥① ❍②♣❡r❧✐♥❊s✿ ❛❧❧ ✭❜✉t ♥♊t ♊♥ ♣❛♣❡r✊✮ ■♥t❡r❛❝t✐✈❡ ♣r♊❣r❛♠s✿ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ■P②t❀♊♥ ♥♊t❡❜♊♊❊✱ r❛✇ ❍❚▌▲ ❙❡❛r❝❀✐♥❣ ✐♥ ♠✉❧t✐✲♣❛❣❡ ❞♊❝✳✿ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐✱ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ P❉❋ ❍✐❣❀❧② ♥♊♥✲tr✐✈✐❛❧ t♩ tr❛♥s❧❛t❡ ❢r♩♠✮t♩ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✊

  30. ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✐s ✈❡r② r✐❝❀❀ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s s✉♣♣♊rt ♠✉❝❀ ❧❡ss ▌❛r❣✐♥ ♥♊t❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ t❛✐❧♩r❡❞ ❝ss ❝♊❞❡ ❋♩♩t♥♊t❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ❇✐❜❧✐♊❣r❛♣❀②✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ■♥❞❡①✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❙♣❀✐♥① ❍②♣❡r❧✐♥❊s✿ ❛❧❧ ✭❜✉t ♥♊t ♊♥ ♣❛♣❡r✊✮ ■♥t❡r❛❝t✐✈❡ ♣r♊❣r❛♠s✿ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ■P②t❀♊♥ ♥♊t❡❜♊♊❊✱ r❛✇ ❍❚▌▲ ❙❡❛r❝❀✐♥❣ ✐♥ ♠✉❧t✐✲♣❛❣❡ ❞♊❝✳✿ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐✱ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ P❉❋ ❍✐❣❀❧② ♥♊♥✲tr✐✈✐❛❧ t♩ tr❛♥s❧❛t❡ ❢r♩♠✮t♩ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✊

  31. ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✐s ✈❡r② r✐❝❀❀ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s s✉♣♣♊rt ♠✉❝❀ ❧❡ss ▌❛r❣✐♥ ♥♊t❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ t❛✐❧♩r❡❞ ❝ss ❝♊❞❡ ❋♩♩t♥♊t❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ❇✐❜❧✐♊❣r❛♣❀②✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ■♥❞❡①✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❙♣❀✐♥① ❍②♣❡r❧✐♥❊s✿ ❛❧❧ ✭❜✉t ♥♊t ♊♥ ♣❛♣❡r✊✮ ■♥t❡r❛❝t✐✈❡ ♣r♊❣r❛♠s✿ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ■P②t❀♊♥ ♥♊t❡❜♊♊❊✱ r❛✇ ❍❚▌▲ ❙❡❛r❝❀✐♥❣ ✐♥ ♠✉❧t✐✲♣❛❣❡ ❞♊❝✳✿ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐✱ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ P❉❋ ❍✐❣❀❧② ♥♊♥✲tr✐✈✐❛❧ t♩ tr❛♥s❧❛t❡ ❢r♩♠✮t♩ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✊

  32. ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✐s ✈❡r② r✐❝❀❀ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s s✉♣♣♊rt ♠✉❝❀ ❧❡ss ▌❛r❣✐♥ ♥♊t❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ t❛✐❧♩r❡❞ ❝ss ❝♊❞❡ ❋♩♩t♥♊t❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ❇✐❜❧✐♊❣r❛♣❀②✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ■♥❞❡①✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❙♣❀✐♥① ❍②♣❡r❧✐♥❊s✿ ❛❧❧ ✭❜✉t ♥♊t ♊♥ ♣❛♣❡r✊✮ ■♥t❡r❛❝t✐✈❡ ♣r♊❣r❛♠s✿ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ■P②t❀♊♥ ♥♊t❡❜♊♊❊✱ r❛✇ ❍❚▌▲ ❙❡❛r❝❀✐♥❣ ✐♥ ♠✉❧t✐✲♣❛❣❡ ❞♊❝✳✿ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐✱ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ P❉❋ ❍✐❣❀❧② ♥♊♥✲tr✐✈✐❛❧ t♩ tr❛♥s❧❛t❡ ❢r♩♠✮t♩ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✊

  33. ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ✐s ✈❡r② r✐❝❀❀ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s s✉♣♣♊rt ♠✉❝❀ ❧❡ss ▌❛r❣✐♥ ♥♊t❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲ ✇✐t❀ t❛✐❧♩r❡❞ ❝ss ❝♊❞❡ ❋♩♩t♥♊t❡s✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ❇✐❜❧✐♊❣r❛♣❀②✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ■♥❞❡①✿ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❙♣❀✐♥① ❍②♣❡r❧✐♥❊s✿ ❛❧❧ ✭❜✉t ♥♊t ♊♥ ♣❛♣❡r✊✮ ■♥t❡r❛❝t✐✈❡ ♣r♊❣r❛♠s✿ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ■P②t❀♊♥ ♥♊t❡❜♊♊❊✱ r❛✇ ❍❚▌▲ ❙❡❛r❝❀✐♥❣ ✐♥ ♠✉❧t✐✲♣❛❣❡ ❞♊❝✳✿ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐✱ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ P❉❋ ❍✐❣❀❧② ♥♊♥✲tr✐✈✐❛❧ t♩ tr❛♥s❧❛t❡ ❢r♩♠✮t♩ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✊

  34. ▌② ❝♊❧❧❡❛❣✉❡s ❢❛❝❡ ❢✉♥❞❛♠❡♥t❛❧ ♣r♊❜❧❡♠ ✇✐t❀ ❣♊✐♥❣ ❢r♩♠ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ t♩ ■P②t❀♊♥ ♥♊t❡❜♊♊❊ ✭❂▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥✮ P❧❛♥ ■ ❛♠ ✉s❡❞ t♩ ✇r✐t❡ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♣❛♣❡r✎❜♊♊❊✲st②❧❡ ✇✐t❀ ❧♩ts ♊❢ ❝r♩ss✲r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s ❛♥❞ ✢♊❛t✐♥❣ ✜❣✉r❡s✱ ❝♊❞❡ s♥✐♣♣❡ts✱ t❛❜❧❡s✱ ❛❧❣♊r✐t❀♠s✱ ❜✉t ♥♊✇ ■ ✇❛♥t t♩ ❝♊♥✈❡rt t♩ ■P②t❀♊♥ ♥♊t❡❜♊♊❊s ✳ Pr♊❜❧❡♠ ▌✉st ❀❛✈❡ ✜①❡❞ ✜❣✉r❡s✱ ❝♊❞❡ s♥✐♣♣❡ts✱ t❛❜❧❡s✳ ◆♩ ❛❧❣♊r✐t❀♠ ❡♥✈✐r♊♥♠❡♥t✱ ❝r♩ss✲r❡❢❡r❡♥❝✐♥❣✱ ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝✐♥❣✳ ❆❧❧ ❝♊❞❡ ♥❡❡❞❡❞ ❢♊r ❛ s♥✐♣♣❡t t♩ r✉♥ ♠✉st ❜❡ ✐♥❝❧✉❞❡❞✳ ■t✬s ❛ ❞✐✛❡r❡♥t ✇r✐t✐♥❣ st②❧❡✱ ❜✉t ❧♩ts ♊❢ ♥❡✇ ♊♣♣♊rt✉♥✐t✐❡s ✳

  35. ❊①❛♠♣❧❡s ♊♥ t②♣❡s❡tt✐♥❣ ❝♊♥❝❡r♥s ✭✶✮ ❙♣❀✐♥① r❡❢❡rs t♩ ✜❣✉r❡s ❜② t❀❡ ❝❛♣t✐♊♥ ✭❀❛s t♩ ❜❡ s❀♊rt✊✮ ❛♥❞ str✐♣s ❛✇❛② ❛♥② ♠❛t❀ ♥♊t❛t✐♊♥ ✭❛✈♩✐❞ t❀❛t✊✮✳ ❙♣❀✐♥① r❡❢❡rs t♩ s❡❝t✐♊♥s ❜② t❀❡ t✐t❧❡✱ ❜✉t r❡♠♊✈❡s ♠❛t❀ ✐♥ t❀❡ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡✱ s♩ ❛✈♩✐❞ ♠❛t❀ ✐♥ ❀❡❛❞❧✐♥❡s✳ ❚❛❜❧❡s ❝❛♥♥♊t ❜❡ r❡❢❡rr❡❞ t♩ ❜② ♥✉♠❜❡rs ❛♥❞ ❀❛✈❡ t♩ ❛♣♣❡❛r ❛t ✜①❡❞ ♣♊s✐t✐♊♥s ✐♥ t❀❡ t❡①t✳ ❈♊♠♣✉t❡r ❝♊❞❡ ❀❛s t♩ ❛♣♣❡❛r ❛t ✜①❡❞ ♣♊s✐t✐♊♥s ✐♥ t❀❡ t❡①t✳ ❆❧❣♊r✐t❀♠s ♠✉st ❜❡ ✇r✐tt❡♥ ✉♣ ✉s✐♥❣ ❜❛s✐❝ ❡❧❡♠❡♥ts ❧✐❊❡ ❧✐sts ♩r ♣❛r❛❣r❛♣❀s ✇✐t❀ ❀❡❛❞✐♥❣s✳ ❘❡❝✐♣❡s ❛r❡ ♊❢t❡♥ t②♣❡s❡t ❛s ❡♥✉♠❡r❛t❡❞ ❧✐sts✳ ❋♩r r❡❝✐♣❡s ✇✐t❀ ❝♊❞❡ ♩r ♠❛t❀ ❜❧♩❝❩s✿ ❞r♊♣ t❀❡ ❧✐st ✭❣✐✈❡s ♣r♊❜❧❡♠s ✐♥ s♊♠❡ ❢♊r♠❛ts✮ ❛♥❞ ✉s❡ ♣❛r❛❣r❛♣❀ ✭♩r s✉❜s✉❜s❡❝t✐♊♥✮ ❀❡❛❞✐♥❣s ✇✐t❀ ✧❙t❡♣ ✶✳✧✱ ✧❙t❡♣ ✷✳✧✱ ❡t❝✳

  36. ❊①❛♠♣❧❡s ♊♥ t②♣❡s❡tt✐♥❣ ❝♊♥❝❡r♥s ✭✶✮ ❙♣❀✐♥① r❡❢❡rs t♩ ✜❣✉r❡s ❜② t❀❡ ❝❛♣t✐♊♥ ✭❀❛s t♩ ❜❡ s❀♊rt✊✮ ❛♥❞ str✐♣s ❛✇❛② ❛♥② ♠❛t❀ ♥♊t❛t✐♊♥ ✭❛✈♩✐❞ t❀❛t✊✮✳ ❙♣❀✐♥① r❡❢❡rs t♩ s❡❝t✐♊♥s ❜② t❀❡ t✐t❧❡✱ ❜✉t r❡♠♊✈❡s ♠❛t❀ ✐♥ t❀❡ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡✱ s♩ ❛✈♩✐❞ ♠❛t❀ ✐♥ ❀❡❛❞❧✐♥❡s✳ ❚❛❜❧❡s ❝❛♥♥♊t ❜❡ r❡❢❡rr❡❞ t♩ ❜② ♥✉♠❜❡rs ❛♥❞ ❀❛✈❡ t♩ ❛♣♣❡❛r ❛t ✜①❡❞ ♣♊s✐t✐♊♥s ✐♥ t❀❡ t❡①t✳ ❈♊♠♣✉t❡r ❝♊❞❡ ❀❛s t♩ ❛♣♣❡❛r ❛t ✜①❡❞ ♣♊s✐t✐♊♥s ✐♥ t❀❡ t❡①t✳ ❆❧❣♊r✐t❀♠s ♠✉st ❜❡ ✇r✐tt❡♥ ✉♣ ✉s✐♥❣ ❜❛s✐❝ ❡❧❡♠❡♥ts ❧✐❊❡ ❧✐sts ♩r ♣❛r❛❣r❛♣❀s ✇✐t❀ ❀❡❛❞✐♥❣s✳ ❘❡❝✐♣❡s ❛r❡ ♊❢t❡♥ t②♣❡s❡t ❛s ❡♥✉♠❡r❛t❡❞ ❧✐sts✳ ❋♩r r❡❝✐♣❡s ✇✐t❀ ❝♊❞❡ ♩r ♠❛t❀ ❜❧♩❝❩s✿ ❞r♊♣ t❀❡ ❧✐st ✭❣✐✈❡s ♣r♊❜❧❡♠s ✐♥ s♊♠❡ ❢♊r♠❛ts✮ ❛♥❞ ✉s❡ ♣❛r❛❣r❛♣❀ ✭♩r s✉❜s✉❜s❡❝t✐♊♥✮ ❀❡❛❞✐♥❣s ✇✐t❀ ✧❙t❡♣ ✶✳✧✱ ✧❙t❡♣ ✷✳✧✱ ❡t❝✳

  37. ❊①❛♠♣❧❡s ♊♥ t②♣❡s❡tt✐♥❣ ❝♊♥❝❡r♥s ✭✶✮ ❙♣❀✐♥① r❡❢❡rs t♩ ✜❣✉r❡s ❜② t❀❡ ❝❛♣t✐♊♥ ✭❀❛s t♩ ❜❡ s❀♊rt✊✮ ❛♥❞ str✐♣s ❛✇❛② ❛♥② ♠❛t❀ ♥♊t❛t✐♊♥ ✭❛✈♩✐❞ t❀❛t✊✮✳ ❙♣❀✐♥① r❡❢❡rs t♩ s❡❝t✐♊♥s ❜② t❀❡ t✐t❧❡✱ ❜✉t r❡♠♊✈❡s ♠❛t❀ ✐♥ t❀❡ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡✱ s♩ ❛✈♩✐❞ ♠❛t❀ ✐♥ ❀❡❛❞❧✐♥❡s✳ ❚❛❜❧❡s ❝❛♥♥♊t ❜❡ r❡❢❡rr❡❞ t♩ ❜② ♥✉♠❜❡rs ❛♥❞ ❀❛✈❡ t♩ ❛♣♣❡❛r ❛t ✜①❡❞ ♣♊s✐t✐♊♥s ✐♥ t❀❡ t❡①t✳ ❈♊♠♣✉t❡r ❝♊❞❡ ❀❛s t♩ ❛♣♣❡❛r ❛t ✜①❡❞ ♣♊s✐t✐♊♥s ✐♥ t❀❡ t❡①t✳ ❆❧❣♊r✐t❀♠s ♠✉st ❜❡ ✇r✐tt❡♥ ✉♣ ✉s✐♥❣ ❜❛s✐❝ ❡❧❡♠❡♥ts ❧✐❊❡ ❧✐sts ♩r ♣❛r❛❣r❛♣❀s ✇✐t❀ ❀❡❛❞✐♥❣s✳ ❘❡❝✐♣❡s ❛r❡ ♊❢t❡♥ t②♣❡s❡t ❛s ❡♥✉♠❡r❛t❡❞ ❧✐sts✳ ❋♩r r❡❝✐♣❡s ✇✐t❀ ❝♊❞❡ ♩r ♠❛t❀ ❜❧♩❝❩s✿ ❞r♊♣ t❀❡ ❧✐st ✭❣✐✈❡s ♣r♊❜❧❡♠s ✐♥ s♊♠❡ ❢♊r♠❛ts✮ ❛♥❞ ✉s❡ ♣❛r❛❣r❛♣❀ ✭♩r s✉❜s✉❜s❡❝t✐♊♥✮ ❀❡❛❞✐♥❣s ✇✐t❀ ✧❙t❡♣ ✶✳✧✱ ✧❙t❡♣ ✷✳✧✱ ❡t❝✳

  38. ❊①❛♠♣❧❡s ♊♥ t②♣❡s❡tt✐♥❣ ❝♊♥❝❡r♥s ✭✶✮ ❙♣❀✐♥① r❡❢❡rs t♩ ✜❣✉r❡s ❜② t❀❡ ❝❛♣t✐♊♥ ✭❀❛s t♩ ❜❡ s❀♊rt✊✮ ❛♥❞ str✐♣s ❛✇❛② ❛♥② ♠❛t❀ ♥♊t❛t✐♊♥ ✭❛✈♩✐❞ t❀❛t✊✮✳ ❙♣❀✐♥① r❡❢❡rs t♩ s❡❝t✐♊♥s ❜② t❀❡ t✐t❧❡✱ ❜✉t r❡♠♊✈❡s ♠❛t❀ ✐♥ t❀❡ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡✱ s♩ ❛✈♩✐❞ ♠❛t❀ ✐♥ ❀❡❛❞❧✐♥❡s✳ ❚❛❜❧❡s ❝❛♥♥♊t ❜❡ r❡❢❡rr❡❞ t♩ ❜② ♥✉♠❜❡rs ❛♥❞ ❀❛✈❡ t♩ ❛♣♣❡❛r ❛t ✜①❡❞ ♣♊s✐t✐♊♥s ✐♥ t❀❡ t❡①t✳ ❈♊♠♣✉t❡r ❝♊❞❡ ❀❛s t♩ ❛♣♣❡❛r ❛t ✜①❡❞ ♣♊s✐t✐♊♥s ✐♥ t❀❡ t❡①t✳ ❆❧❣♊r✐t❀♠s ♠✉st ❜❡ ✇r✐tt❡♥ ✉♣ ✉s✐♥❣ ❜❛s✐❝ ❡❧❡♠❡♥ts ❧✐❊❡ ❧✐sts ♩r ♣❛r❛❣r❛♣❀s ✇✐t❀ ❀❡❛❞✐♥❣s✳ ❘❡❝✐♣❡s ❛r❡ ♊❢t❡♥ t②♣❡s❡t ❛s ❡♥✉♠❡r❛t❡❞ ❧✐sts✳ ❋♩r r❡❝✐♣❡s ✇✐t❀ ❝♊❞❡ ♩r ♠❛t❀ ❜❧♩❝❩s✿ ❞r♊♣ t❀❡ ❧✐st ✭❣✐✈❡s ♣r♊❜❧❡♠s ✐♥ s♊♠❡ ❢♊r♠❛ts✮ ❛♥❞ ✉s❡ ♣❛r❛❣r❛♣❀ ✭♩r s✉❜s✉❜s❡❝t✐♊♥✮ ❀❡❛❞✐♥❣s ✇✐t❀ ✧❙t❡♣ ✶✳✧✱ ✧❙t❡♣ ✷✳✧✱ ❡t❝✳

  39. ❊①❛♠♣❧❡s ♊♥ t②♣❡s❡tt✐♥❣ ❝♊♥❝❡r♥s ✭✶✮ ❙♣❀✐♥① r❡❢❡rs t♩ ✜❣✉r❡s ❜② t❀❡ ❝❛♣t✐♊♥ ✭❀❛s t♩ ❜❡ s❀♊rt✊✮ ❛♥❞ str✐♣s ❛✇❛② ❛♥② ♠❛t❀ ♥♊t❛t✐♊♥ ✭❛✈♩✐❞ t❀❛t✊✮✳ ❙♣❀✐♥① r❡❢❡rs t♩ s❡❝t✐♊♥s ❜② t❀❡ t✐t❧❡✱ ❜✉t r❡♠♊✈❡s ♠❛t❀ ✐♥ t❀❡ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡✱ s♩ ❛✈♩✐❞ ♠❛t❀ ✐♥ ❀❡❛❞❧✐♥❡s✳ ❚❛❜❧❡s ❝❛♥♥♊t ❜❡ r❡❢❡rr❡❞ t♩ ❜② ♥✉♠❜❡rs ❛♥❞ ❀❛✈❡ t♩ ❛♣♣❡❛r ❛t ✜①❡❞ ♣♊s✐t✐♊♥s ✐♥ t❀❡ t❡①t✳ ❈♊♠♣✉t❡r ❝♊❞❡ ❀❛s t♩ ❛♣♣❡❛r ❛t ✜①❡❞ ♣♊s✐t✐♊♥s ✐♥ t❀❡ t❡①t✳ ❆❧❣♊r✐t❀♠s ♠✉st ❜❡ ✇r✐tt❡♥ ✉♣ ✉s✐♥❣ ❜❛s✐❝ ❡❧❡♠❡♥ts ❧✐❊❡ ❧✐sts ♩r ♣❛r❛❣r❛♣❀s ✇✐t❀ ❀❡❛❞✐♥❣s✳ ❘❡❝✐♣❡s ❛r❡ ♊❢t❡♥ t②♣❡s❡t ❛s ❡♥✉♠❡r❛t❡❞ ❧✐sts✳ ❋♩r r❡❝✐♣❡s ✇✐t❀ ❝♊❞❡ ♩r ♠❛t❀ ❜❧♩❝❩s✿ ❞r♊♣ t❀❡ ❧✐st ✭❣✐✈❡s ♣r♊❜❧❡♠s ✐♥ s♊♠❡ ❢♊r♠❛ts✮ ❛♥❞ ✉s❡ ♣❛r❛❣r❛♣❀ ✭♩r s✉❜s✉❜s❡❝t✐♊♥✮ ❀❡❛❞✐♥❣s ✇✐t❀ ✧❙t❡♣ ✶✳✧✱ ✧❙t❡♣ ✷✳✧✱ ❡t❝✳

  40. ❊①❛♠♣❧❡s ♊♥ t②♣❡s❡tt✐♥❣ ❝♊♥❝❡r♥s ✭✶✮ ❙♣❀✐♥① r❡❢❡rs t♩ ✜❣✉r❡s ❜② t❀❡ ❝❛♣t✐♊♥ ✭❀❛s t♩ ❜❡ s❀♊rt✊✮ ❛♥❞ str✐♣s ❛✇❛② ❛♥② ♠❛t❀ ♥♊t❛t✐♊♥ ✭❛✈♩✐❞ t❀❛t✊✮✳ ❙♣❀✐♥① r❡❢❡rs t♩ s❡❝t✐♊♥s ❜② t❀❡ t✐t❧❡✱ ❜✉t r❡♠♊✈❡s ♠❛t❀ ✐♥ t❀❡ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡✱ s♩ ❛✈♩✐❞ ♠❛t❀ ✐♥ ❀❡❛❞❧✐♥❡s✳ ❚❛❜❧❡s ❝❛♥♥♊t ❜❡ r❡❢❡rr❡❞ t♩ ❜② ♥✉♠❜❡rs ❛♥❞ ❀❛✈❡ t♩ ❛♣♣❡❛r ❛t ✜①❡❞ ♣♊s✐t✐♊♥s ✐♥ t❀❡ t❡①t✳ ❈♊♠♣✉t❡r ❝♊❞❡ ❀❛s t♩ ❛♣♣❡❛r ❛t ✜①❡❞ ♣♊s✐t✐♊♥s ✐♥ t❀❡ t❡①t✳ ❆❧❣♊r✐t❀♠s ♠✉st ❜❡ ✇r✐tt❡♥ ✉♣ ✉s✐♥❣ ❜❛s✐❝ ❡❧❡♠❡♥ts ❧✐❊❡ ❧✐sts ♩r ♣❛r❛❣r❛♣❀s ✇✐t❀ ❀❡❛❞✐♥❣s✳ ❘❡❝✐♣❡s ❛r❡ ♊❢t❡♥ t②♣❡s❡t ❛s ❡♥✉♠❡r❛t❡❞ ❧✐sts✳ ❋♩r r❡❝✐♣❡s ✇✐t❀ ❝♊❞❡ ♩r ♠❛t❀ ❜❧♩❝❩s✿ ❞r♊♣ t❀❡ ❧✐st ✭❣✐✈❡s ♣r♊❜❧❡♠s ✐♥ s♊♠❡ ❢♊r♠❛ts✮ ❛♥❞ ✉s❡ ♣❛r❛❣r❛♣❀ ✭♩r s✉❜s✉❜s❡❝t✐♊♥✮ ❀❡❛❞✐♥❣s ✇✐t❀ ✧❙t❡♣ ✶✳✧✱ ✧❙t❡♣ ✷✳✧✱ ❡t❝✳

  41. ❊①❛♠♣❧❡s ♊♥ t②♣❡s❡tt✐♥❣ ❝♊♥❝❡r♥s ✭✶✮ ❙♣❀✐♥① r❡❢❡rs t♩ ✜❣✉r❡s ❜② t❀❡ ❝❛♣t✐♊♥ ✭❀❛s t♩ ❜❡ s❀♊rt✊✮ ❛♥❞ str✐♣s ❛✇❛② ❛♥② ♠❛t❀ ♥♊t❛t✐♊♥ ✭❛✈♩✐❞ t❀❛t✊✮✳ ❙♣❀✐♥① r❡❢❡rs t♩ s❡❝t✐♊♥s ❜② t❀❡ t✐t❧❡✱ ❜✉t r❡♠♊✈❡s ♠❛t❀ ✐♥ t❀❡ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡✱ s♩ ❛✈♩✐❞ ♠❛t❀ ✐♥ ❀❡❛❞❧✐♥❡s✳ ❚❛❜❧❡s ❝❛♥♥♊t ❜❡ r❡❢❡rr❡❞ t♩ ❜② ♥✉♠❜❡rs ❛♥❞ ❀❛✈❡ t♩ ❛♣♣❡❛r ❛t ✜①❡❞ ♣♊s✐t✐♊♥s ✐♥ t❀❡ t❡①t✳ ❈♊♠♣✉t❡r ❝♊❞❡ ❀❛s t♩ ❛♣♣❡❛r ❛t ✜①❡❞ ♣♊s✐t✐♊♥s ✐♥ t❀❡ t❡①t✳ ❆❧❣♊r✐t❀♠s ♠✉st ❜❡ ✇r✐tt❡♥ ✉♣ ✉s✐♥❣ ❜❛s✐❝ ❡❧❡♠❡♥ts ❧✐❊❡ ❧✐sts ♩r ♣❛r❛❣r❛♣❀s ✇✐t❀ ❀❡❛❞✐♥❣s✳ ❘❡❝✐♣❡s ❛r❡ ♊❢t❡♥ t②♣❡s❡t ❛s ❡♥✉♠❡r❛t❡❞ ❧✐sts✳ ❋♩r r❡❝✐♣❡s ✇✐t❀ ❝♊❞❡ ♩r ♠❛t❀ ❜❧♩❝❩s✿ ❞r♊♣ t❀❡ ❧✐st ✭❣✐✈❡s ♣r♊❜❧❡♠s ✐♥ s♊♠❡ ❢♊r♠❛ts✮ ❛♥❞ ✉s❡ ♣❛r❛❣r❛♣❀ ✭♩r s✉❜s✉❜s❡❝t✐♊♥✮ ❀❡❛❞✐♥❣s ✇✐t❀ ✧❙t❡♣ ✶✳✧✱ ✧❙t❡♣ ✷✳✧✱ ❡t❝✳

  42. ❊①❛♠♣❧❡s ♊♥ t②♣❡s❡tt✐♥❣ ❝♊♥❝❡r♥s ✭✷✮ ❋♩♩t♥♊t❡s ♠✉st ❛♣♣❡❛r ❛s ♣❛rt ♊❢ t❀❡ r✉♥♥✐♥❣ t❡①t ✭❡✳❣✳✱ s❡♥t❡♥❝❡s s✉rr♊✉♥❞❡❞ ❜② ♣❛r❡♥t❀❡s✐s✮✱ s✐♥❝❡ ♊♥❧② ❛ ❢❡✇ ❢♊r♠❛ts s✉♣♣♊rt ❢♊♊t♥♊t❡s✳ ❙♣❀✐♥① ❞♊❡s ♥♊t ❀❛♥❞❧❡ ❝♊❞❡ ❜❧♩❝❩s ✇❀❡r❡ t❀❡ ✜rst ❧✐♥❡ ✐s ✐♥❞❡♥t❡❞✳ ▌✉❧t✐♣❧❡ ♣❧♊ts ✐♥ t❀❡ s❛♠❡ ✜❣✉r❡✿ ♠♊✉♥t t❀❡ ♣❧♊ts t♩ ♊♥❡ ✐♠❛❣❡ ✜❧❡ ❛♥❞ ✐♥❝❧✉❞❡ t❀✐s ✭ ♠♊♥t❛❣❡ ❢♊r ♣♥❣✱ ❣✐❢✱ ❥♣❡❣❀ ♣❞❢t❊ ✱ ♣❞❢♥✉♣ ✱ ❛♥❞ ♣❞❢❝r♊♣ ❢♊r P❉❋✮✳ ■❢ ②♊✉ ♥❡❡❞ s❡✈❡r❛❧ ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥s ♥✉♠❜❡r❡❞ ✐♥ ❛♥ ❛❧✐❣♥ ❡♥✈✐r♊♥♠❡♥t✱ r❡❝❛❧❧ t❀❛t ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥✱ ❛♥❞ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ❝❛♥♥♊t ❀❛♥❞❧❡ t❀✐s✱ ❛❧t❀♊✉❣❀ t❀❡② ❀❛✈❡ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✳ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ t♊❧❡r❛t❡s ❧❛❜❡❧s ✐♥ ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥s ❜✉t ❝❛♥♥♊t r❡❢❡r t♩ t❀❡♠✳

  43. ❊①❛♠♣❧❡s ♊♥ t②♣❡s❡tt✐♥❣ ❝♊♥❝❡r♥s ✭✷✮ ❋♩♩t♥♊t❡s ♠✉st ❛♣♣❡❛r ❛s ♣❛rt ♊❢ t❀❡ r✉♥♥✐♥❣ t❡①t ✭❡✳❣✳✱ s❡♥t❡♥❝❡s s✉rr♊✉♥❞❡❞ ❜② ♣❛r❡♥t❀❡s✐s✮✱ s✐♥❝❡ ♊♥❧② ❛ ❢❡✇ ❢♊r♠❛ts s✉♣♣♊rt ❢♊♊t♥♊t❡s✳ ❙♣❀✐♥① ❞♊❡s ♥♊t ❀❛♥❞❧❡ ❝♊❞❡ ❜❧♩❝❩s ✇❀❡r❡ t❀❡ ✜rst ❧✐♥❡ ✐s ✐♥❞❡♥t❡❞✳ ▌✉❧t✐♣❧❡ ♣❧♊ts ✐♥ t❀❡ s❛♠❡ ✜❣✉r❡✿ ♠♊✉♥t t❀❡ ♣❧♊ts t♩ ♊♥❡ ✐♠❛❣❡ ✜❧❡ ❛♥❞ ✐♥❝❧✉❞❡ t❀✐s ✭ ♠♊♥t❛❣❡ ❢♊r ♣♥❣✱ ❣✐❢✱ ❥♣❡❣❀ ♣❞❢t❊ ✱ ♣❞❢♥✉♣ ✱ ❛♥❞ ♣❞❢❝r♊♣ ❢♊r P❉❋✮✳ ■❢ ②♊✉ ♥❡❡❞ s❡✈❡r❛❧ ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥s ♥✉♠❜❡r❡❞ ✐♥ ❛♥ ❛❧✐❣♥ ❡♥✈✐r♊♥♠❡♥t✱ r❡❝❛❧❧ t❀❛t ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥✱ ❛♥❞ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ❝❛♥♥♊t ❀❛♥❞❧❡ t❀✐s✱ ❛❧t❀♊✉❣❀ t❀❡② ❀❛✈❡ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✳ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ t♊❧❡r❛t❡s ❧❛❜❡❧s ✐♥ ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥s ❜✉t ❝❛♥♥♊t r❡❢❡r t♩ t❀❡♠✳

  44. ❊①❛♠♣❧❡s ♊♥ t②♣❡s❡tt✐♥❣ ❝♊♥❝❡r♥s ✭✷✮ ❋♩♩t♥♊t❡s ♠✉st ❛♣♣❡❛r ❛s ♣❛rt ♊❢ t❀❡ r✉♥♥✐♥❣ t❡①t ✭❡✳❣✳✱ s❡♥t❡♥❝❡s s✉rr♊✉♥❞❡❞ ❜② ♣❛r❡♥t❀❡s✐s✮✱ s✐♥❝❡ ♊♥❧② ❛ ❢❡✇ ❢♊r♠❛ts s✉♣♣♊rt ❢♊♊t♥♊t❡s✳ ❙♣❀✐♥① ❞♊❡s ♥♊t ❀❛♥❞❧❡ ❝♊❞❡ ❜❧♩❝❩s ✇❀❡r❡ t❀❡ ✜rst ❧✐♥❡ ✐s ✐♥❞❡♥t❡❞✳ ▌✉❧t✐♣❧❡ ♣❧♊ts ✐♥ t❀❡ s❛♠❡ ✜❣✉r❡✿ ♠♊✉♥t t❀❡ ♣❧♊ts t♩ ♊♥❡ ✐♠❛❣❡ ✜❧❡ ❛♥❞ ✐♥❝❧✉❞❡ t❀✐s ✭ ♠♊♥t❛❣❡ ❢♊r ♣♥❣✱ ❣✐❢✱ ❥♣❡❣❀ ♣❞❢t❊ ✱ ♣❞❢♥✉♣ ✱ ❛♥❞ ♣❞❢❝r♊♣ ❢♊r P❉❋✮✳ ■❢ ②♊✉ ♥❡❡❞ s❡✈❡r❛❧ ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥s ♥✉♠❜❡r❡❞ ✐♥ ❛♥ ❛❧✐❣♥ ❡♥✈✐r♊♥♠❡♥t✱ r❡❝❛❧❧ t❀❛t ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥✱ ❛♥❞ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ❝❛♥♥♊t ❀❛♥❞❧❡ t❀✐s✱ ❛❧t❀♊✉❣❀ t❀❡② ❀❛✈❡ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✳ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ t♊❧❡r❛t❡s ❧❛❜❡❧s ✐♥ ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥s ❜✉t ❝❛♥♥♊t r❡❢❡r t♩ t❀❡♠✳

  45. ❊①❛♠♣❧❡s ♊♥ t②♣❡s❡tt✐♥❣ ❝♊♥❝❡r♥s ✭✷✮ ❋♩♩t♥♊t❡s ♠✉st ❛♣♣❡❛r ❛s ♣❛rt ♊❢ t❀❡ r✉♥♥✐♥❣ t❡①t ✭❡✳❣✳✱ s❡♥t❡♥❝❡s s✉rr♊✉♥❞❡❞ ❜② ♣❛r❡♥t❀❡s✐s✮✱ s✐♥❝❡ ♊♥❧② ❛ ❢❡✇ ❢♊r♠❛ts s✉♣♣♊rt ❢♊♊t♥♊t❡s✳ ❙♣❀✐♥① ❞♊❡s ♥♊t ❀❛♥❞❧❡ ❝♊❞❡ ❜❧♩❝❩s ✇❀❡r❡ t❀❡ ✜rst ❧✐♥❡ ✐s ✐♥❞❡♥t❡❞✳ ▌✉❧t✐♣❧❡ ♣❧♊ts ✐♥ t❀❡ s❛♠❡ ✜❣✉r❡✿ ♠♊✉♥t t❀❡ ♣❧♊ts t♩ ♊♥❡ ✐♠❛❣❡ ✜❧❡ ❛♥❞ ✐♥❝❧✉❞❡ t❀✐s ✭ ♠♊♥t❛❣❡ ❢♊r ♣♥❣✱ ❣✐❢✱ ❥♣❡❣❀ ♣❞❢t❊ ✱ ♣❞❢♥✉♣ ✱ ❛♥❞ ♣❞❢❝r♊♣ ❢♊r P❉❋✮✳ ■❢ ②♊✉ ♥❡❡❞ s❡✈❡r❛❧ ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥s ♥✉♠❜❡r❡❞ ✐♥ ❛♥ ❛❧✐❣♥ ❡♥✈✐r♊♥♠❡♥t✱ r❡❝❛❧❧ t❀❛t ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥✱ ❛♥❞ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ❝❛♥♥♊t ❀❛♥❞❧❡ t❀✐s✱ ❛❧t❀♊✉❣❀ t❀❡② ❀❛✈❡ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✳ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ t♊❧❡r❛t❡s ❧❛❜❡❧s ✐♥ ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥s ❜✉t ❝❛♥♥♊t r❡❢❡r t♩ t❀❡♠✳

  46. ❊①❛♠♣❧❡s ♊♥ t②♣❡s❡tt✐♥❣ ❝♊♥❝❡r♥s ✭✷✮ ❋♩♩t♥♊t❡s ♠✉st ❛♣♣❡❛r ❛s ♣❛rt ♊❢ t❀❡ r✉♥♥✐♥❣ t❡①t ✭❡✳❣✳✱ s❡♥t❡♥❝❡s s✉rr♊✉♥❞❡❞ ❜② ♣❛r❡♥t❀❡s✐s✮✱ s✐♥❝❡ ♊♥❧② ❛ ❢❡✇ ❢♊r♠❛ts s✉♣♣♊rt ❢♊♊t♥♊t❡s✳ ❙♣❀✐♥① ❞♊❡s ♥♊t ❀❛♥❞❧❡ ❝♊❞❡ ❜❧♩❝❩s ✇❀❡r❡ t❀❡ ✜rst ❧✐♥❡ ✐s ✐♥❞❡♥t❡❞✳ ▌✉❧t✐♣❧❡ ♣❧♊ts ✐♥ t❀❡ s❛♠❡ ✜❣✉r❡✿ ♠♊✉♥t t❀❡ ♣❧♊ts t♩ ♊♥❡ ✐♠❛❣❡ ✜❧❡ ❛♥❞ ✐♥❝❧✉❞❡ t❀✐s ✭ ♠♊♥t❛❣❡ ❢♊r ♣♥❣✱ ❣✐❢✱ ❥♣❡❣❀ ♣❞❢t❊ ✱ ♣❞❢♥✉♣ ✱ ❛♥❞ ♣❞❢❝r♊♣ ❢♊r P❉❋✮✳ ■❢ ②♊✉ ♥❡❡❞ s❡✈❡r❛❧ ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥s ♥✉♠❜❡r❡❞ ✐♥ ❛♥ ❛❧✐❣♥ ❡♥✈✐r♊♥♠❡♥t✱ r❡❝❛❧❧ t❀❛t ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥✱ ❛♥❞ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ❝❛♥♥♊t ❀❛♥❞❧❡ t❀✐s✱ ❛❧t❀♊✉❣❀ t❀❡② ❀❛✈❡ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✳ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ t♊❧❡r❛t❡s ❧❛❜❡❧s ✐♥ ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥s ❜✉t ❝❛♥♥♊t r❡❢❡r t♩ t❀❡♠✳

  47. ❊①❛♠♣❧❡s ♊♥ t②♣❡s❡tt✐♥❣ ❝♊♥❝❡r♥s ✭✷✮ ❋♩♩t♥♊t❡s ♠✉st ❛♣♣❡❛r ❛s ♣❛rt ♊❢ t❀❡ r✉♥♥✐♥❣ t❡①t ✭❡✳❣✳✱ s❡♥t❡♥❝❡s s✉rr♊✉♥❞❡❞ ❜② ♣❛r❡♥t❀❡s✐s✮✱ s✐♥❝❡ ♊♥❧② ❛ ❢❡✇ ❢♊r♠❛ts s✉♣♣♊rt ❢♊♊t♥♊t❡s✳ ❙♣❀✐♥① ❞♊❡s ♥♊t ❀❛♥❞❧❡ ❝♊❞❡ ❜❧♩❝❩s ✇❀❡r❡ t❀❡ ✜rst ❧✐♥❡ ✐s ✐♥❞❡♥t❡❞✳ ▌✉❧t✐♣❧❡ ♣❧♊ts ✐♥ t❀❡ s❛♠❡ ✜❣✉r❡✿ ♠♊✉♥t t❀❡ ♣❧♊ts t♩ ♊♥❡ ✐♠❛❣❡ ✜❧❡ ❛♥❞ ✐♥❝❧✉❞❡ t❀✐s ✭ ♠♊♥t❛❣❡ ❢♊r ♣♥❣✱ ❣✐❢✱ ❥♣❡❣❀ ♣❞❢t❊ ✱ ♣❞❢♥✉♣ ✱ ❛♥❞ ♣❞❢❝r♊♣ ❢♊r P❉❋✮✳ ■❢ ②♊✉ ♥❡❡❞ s❡✈❡r❛❧ ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥s ♥✉♠❜❡r❡❞ ✐♥ ❛♥ ❛❧✐❣♥ ❡♥✈✐r♊♥♠❡♥t✱ r❡❝❛❧❧ t❀❛t ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥✱ ❛♥❞ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ❝❛♥♥♊t ❀❛♥❞❧❡ t❀✐s✱ ❛❧t❀♊✉❣❀ t❀❡② ❀❛✈❡ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt✳ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ t♊❧❡r❛t❡s ❧❛❜❡❧s ✐♥ ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥s ❜✉t ❝❛♥♥♊t r❡❢❡r t♩ t❀❡♠✳

  48. ❊①❛♠♣❧❡s ♊♥ t②♣❡s❡tt✐♥❣ ❝♊♥❝❡r♥s ✭✞✮ ■♥❞❡① ✇♩r❞s ❝❛♥ ❛♣♣❡❛r ❛♥②✇❀❡r❡ ✐♥ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❜✉t s❀♊✉❧❞ ❜❡ ♩✉ts✐❞❡ ♣❛r❛❣r❛♣❀s ✐♥ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s✳ ❘❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s t♩ t❛❜❧❡s✱ ♣r♊❣r❛♠ ❝♊❞❡ ❛♥❞ ❛❧❣♊r✐t❀♠s ❝❛♥ ♊♥❧② ❜❡ ♠❛❞❡ ✐♥ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✳ ❋✐❣✉r❡s ❛r❡ ✢♊❛t✐♥❣ ✐♥ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❜✉t ✜①❡❞ ✐♥ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s✱ s♩ ♣❧❛❝❡ ✜❣✉r❡s ❡①❛❝t❧② ✇❀❡r❡ t❀❡② ❛r❡ ♥❡❡❞❡❞ t❀❡ ✜rst t✐♠❡✳ ❈✉r✈❡ ♣❧♊ts ✇✐t❀ ❝♩❧♩r ❧✐♥❡s ❞♩ ♥♊t ✇♩r❊ ✇❡❧❧ ✐♥ ❜❧❛❝❊✲❛♥❞✲✇❀✐t❡ ♣r✐♥t✐♥❣✳ ▌❛❊❡ s✉r❡ ♣❧♊ts ♠❛❊❡s s❡♥s❡ ✐♥ ❝♩❧♩r ❛♥❞ ❇❲ ✭❡✳❣✳✱ ❜② ✉s✐♥❣ ❝♩❧♩rs ❛♥❞ ♠❛r❊❡rs✮✳

  49. ❊①❛♠♣❧❡s ♊♥ t②♣❡s❡tt✐♥❣ ❝♊♥❝❡r♥s ✭✞✮ ■♥❞❡① ✇♩r❞s ❝❛♥ ❛♣♣❡❛r ❛♥②✇❀❡r❡ ✐♥ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❜✉t s❀♊✉❧❞ ❜❡ ♩✉ts✐❞❡ ♣❛r❛❣r❛♣❀s ✐♥ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s✳ ❘❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s t♩ t❛❜❧❡s✱ ♣r♊❣r❛♠ ❝♊❞❡ ❛♥❞ ❛❧❣♊r✐t❀♠s ❝❛♥ ♊♥❧② ❜❡ ♠❛❞❡ ✐♥ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✳ ❋✐❣✉r❡s ❛r❡ ✢♊❛t✐♥❣ ✐♥ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❜✉t ✜①❡❞ ✐♥ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s✱ s♩ ♣❧❛❝❡ ✜❣✉r❡s ❡①❛❝t❧② ✇❀❡r❡ t❀❡② ❛r❡ ♥❡❡❞❡❞ t❀❡ ✜rst t✐♠❡✳ ❈✉r✈❡ ♣❧♊ts ✇✐t❀ ❝♩❧♩r ❧✐♥❡s ❞♩ ♥♊t ✇♩r❊ ✇❡❧❧ ✐♥ ❜❧❛❝❊✲❛♥❞✲✇❀✐t❡ ♣r✐♥t✐♥❣✳ ▌❛❊❡ s✉r❡ ♣❧♊ts ♠❛❊❡s s❡♥s❡ ✐♥ ❝♩❧♩r ❛♥❞ ❇❲ ✭❡✳❣✳✱ ❜② ✉s✐♥❣ ❝♩❧♩rs ❛♥❞ ♠❛r❊❡rs✮✳

  50. ❊①❛♠♣❧❡s ♊♥ t②♣❡s❡tt✐♥❣ ❝♊♥❝❡r♥s ✭✞✮ ■♥❞❡① ✇♩r❞s ❝❛♥ ❛♣♣❡❛r ❛♥②✇❀❡r❡ ✐♥ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❜✉t s❀♊✉❧❞ ❜❡ ♩✉ts✐❞❡ ♣❛r❛❣r❛♣❀s ✐♥ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s✳ ❘❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s t♩ t❛❜❧❡s✱ ♣r♊❣r❛♠ ❝♊❞❡ ❛♥❞ ❛❧❣♊r✐t❀♠s ❝❛♥ ♊♥❧② ❜❡ ♠❛❞❡ ✐♥ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✳ ❋✐❣✉r❡s ❛r❡ ✢♊❛t✐♥❣ ✐♥ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❜✉t ✜①❡❞ ✐♥ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s✱ s♩ ♣❧❛❝❡ ✜❣✉r❡s ❡①❛❝t❧② ✇❀❡r❡ t❀❡② ❛r❡ ♥❡❡❞❡❞ t❀❡ ✜rst t✐♠❡✳ ❈✉r✈❡ ♣❧♊ts ✇✐t❀ ❝♩❧♩r ❧✐♥❡s ❞♩ ♥♊t ✇♩r❊ ✇❡❧❧ ✐♥ ❜❧❛❝❊✲❛♥❞✲✇❀✐t❡ ♣r✐♥t✐♥❣✳ ▌❛❊❡ s✉r❡ ♣❧♊ts ♠❛❊❡s s❡♥s❡ ✐♥ ❝♩❧♩r ❛♥❞ ❇❲ ✭❡✳❣✳✱ ❜② ✉s✐♥❣ ❝♩❧♩rs ❛♥❞ ♠❛r❊❡rs✮✳

  51. ❊①❛♠♣❧❡s ♊♥ t②♣❡s❡tt✐♥❣ ❝♊♥❝❡r♥s ✭✞✮ ■♥❞❡① ✇♩r❞s ❝❛♥ ❛♣♣❡❛r ❛♥②✇❀❡r❡ ✐♥ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❜✉t s❀♊✉❧❞ ❜❡ ♩✉ts✐❞❡ ♣❛r❛❣r❛♣❀s ✐♥ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s✳ ❘❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s t♩ t❛❜❧❡s✱ ♣r♊❣r❛♠ ❝♊❞❡ ❛♥❞ ❛❧❣♊r✐t❀♠s ❝❛♥ ♊♥❧② ❜❡ ♠❛❞❡ ✐♥ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✳ ❋✐❣✉r❡s ❛r❡ ✢♊❛t✐♥❣ ✐♥ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❜✉t ✜①❡❞ ✐♥ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s✱ s♩ ♣❧❛❝❡ ✜❣✉r❡s ❡①❛❝t❧② ✇❀❡r❡ t❀❡② ❛r❡ ♥❡❡❞❡❞ t❀❡ ✜rst t✐♠❡✳ ❈✉r✈❡ ♣❧♊ts ✇✐t❀ ❝♩❧♩r ❧✐♥❡s ❞♩ ♥♊t ✇♩r❊ ✇❡❧❧ ✐♥ ❜❧❛❝❊✲❛♥❞✲✇❀✐t❡ ♣r✐♥t✐♥❣✳ ▌❛❊❡ s✉r❡ ♣❧♊ts ♠❛❊❡s s❡♥s❡ ✐♥ ❝♩❧♩r ❛♥❞ ❇❲ ✭❡✳❣✳✱ ❜② ✉s✐♥❣ ❝♩❧♩rs ❛♥❞ ♠❛r❊❡rs✮✳

  52. ❊①❛♠♣❧❡s ♊♥ t②♣❡s❡tt✐♥❣ ❝♊♥❝❡r♥s ✭✞✮ ■♥❞❡① ✇♩r❞s ❝❛♥ ❛♣♣❡❛r ❛♥②✇❀❡r❡ ✐♥ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❜✉t s❀♊✉❧❞ ❜❡ ♩✉ts✐❞❡ ♣❛r❛❣r❛♣❀s ✐♥ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s✳ ❘❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s t♩ t❛❜❧❡s✱ ♣r♊❣r❛♠ ❝♊❞❡ ❛♥❞ ❛❧❣♊r✐t❀♠s ❝❛♥ ♊♥❧② ❜❡ ♠❛❞❡ ✐♥ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✳ ❋✐❣✉r❡s ❛r❡ ✢♊❛t✐♥❣ ✐♥ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❜✉t ✜①❡❞ ✐♥ ♩t❀❡r t♩♩❧s✱ s♩ ♣❧❛❝❡ ✜❣✉r❡s ❡①❛❝t❧② ✇❀❡r❡ t❀❡② ❛r❡ ♥❡❡❞❡❞ t❀❡ ✜rst t✐♠❡✳ ❈✉r✈❡ ♣❧♊ts ✇✐t❀ ❝♩❧♩r ❧✐♥❡s ❞♩ ♥♊t ✇♩r❊ ✇❡❧❧ ✐♥ ❜❧❛❝❊✲❛♥❞✲✇❀✐t❡ ♣r✐♥t✐♥❣✳ ▌❛❊❡ s✉r❡ ♣❧♊ts ♠❛❊❡s s❡♥s❡ ✐♥ ❝♩❧♩r ❛♥❞ ❇❲ ✭❡✳❣✳✱ ❜② ✉s✐♥❣ ❝♩❧♩rs ❛♥❞ ♠❛r❊❡rs✮✳

  53. ❙♩❧✉t✐♊♥ ■✿ ❯s❡ ❛ ❢♊r♠❛t t❀❛t tr❛♥s❧❛t❡s t♩ ♠❛♥② ❙♣❀✐♥① ❝❛♥ ❞♩ ♥✐❝❡ ❍❚▌▲✱ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❡♣✉❜✱ ✭❛❧♠♩st✮ ♣❧❛✐♥ t❡①t✱ ♠❛♥ ♣❛❣❡s✱ ●♥♊♠❡ ❞❡✈❀❡❧♣ ✜❧❡s✱ ◗t ❀❡❧♣ ✜❧❡s✱ t❡①✐♥❢♊✱ ❏❙❖◆ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ❝❛♥ ❞♩ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ▌❙ ❲♊r❞✱ ❖♣❡♥❖✣❝❡✱ ❳▌▲✱ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t✱ ❡♣✉❜✱ ❉♊❝❇♊♊❊✱ ✳✳✳ ❜✉t ♥♊t ❙♣❀✐♥① ■P②t❀♊♥ ♥♊t❡❜♊♊❊✿ ❝❛♥ ❞♩ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ r❡❙tr✉❝t✉r❡❞❚❡①t✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ P❉❋✱ P②t❀♊♥ s❝r✐♣t ❙♣❀✐♥① ❛♥❞ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥ ❀❛s s♊♠❡ ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt

  54. ❙♩❧✉t✐♊♥ ■■✿ ❯s❡ ❉♊❝❖♥❝❡ ❉♊❝❖♥❝❡ ♊✛❡rs ♠✐♥✐♠❛❧✐st✐❝ t②♣✐♥❣✱ ❣r❡❛t ✢❡①✐❜✐❧✐t② ✇rt ❢♊r♠❛t✱ ❡s♣❡❝✐❛❧❧② ❢♊r s❝✐❡♥t✐✜❝ ✇r✐t✐♥❣ ✇✐t❀ ♠✉❝❀ ♠❛t❀ ❛♥❞ ❝♊❞❡ ✳ ❈❛♥ ❣❡♥❡r❛t❡ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥✱ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐✱ ●♊♊❣❧❡ ✇✐❊✐✱ ❈r❡♊❧❡ ✇✐❊✐✱ r❡❙❚✱ ♣❧❛✐♥ t❡①t ▌❛❞❡ ❢♊r ❧❛r❣❡ s❝✐❡♥❝❡ ❜♩♩❩s ❛♥❞ s♠❛❧❧ ♥♊t❡s ❚❛r❣❡ts ♣❛♣❡r ❛♥❞ s❝r❡❡♥ ▌❛♥② s♣❡❝✐❛❧ ❢❡❛t✉r❡s ✭❝♊❞❡ s♥✐♣♣❡ts ❢r♩♠ ✜❧❡s✱ ❡♠❜❡❞❞❡❞ ♠♊✈✐❡s✱ ❛❞♠♊♥✐t✐♊♥s✱ ♠♊❞❡r♥ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ❧❛②♊✉ts✱ ❡①t❡♥❞❡❞ ♠❛t❀ s✉♣♣♊rt ❢♊r ❙♣❀✐♥①✎▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥✱ ✳✳✳✮ ❱❡r② ❡✛❡❝t✐✈❡ ❢♊r ❣❡♥❡r❛t✐♥❣ s❧✐❞❡s ❢r♩♠ ♩r❞✐♥❛r② t❡①t ❆♣♣❧✐❡s ▌❛❊♊✿ ❉♊❝❖♥❝❡ t❡①t ✐s ❛ ♣r♊❣r❛♠ ✭✊✮ ▌✉❝❀ ❧✐❊❡ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥✱ ❧❡ss t❛❣❣❡❞ t❀❛♥ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①

  55. ✶ ❈❀❛❧❧❡♥❣❡s ✇✐t❀ t♩♩❧s ❢♊r s❝✐❡♥t✐✜❝ ✇r✐t✐♥❣ ✷ Pr♩s ❛♥❞ ❝♊♥s ♊❢ ✈❛r✐♩✉s t♩♩❧s ✾ ❉♊❝❖♥❝❡✿ ❲r✐t❡ ♊♥❝❡✱ ✐♥❝❧✉❞❡ ❛♥②✇❀❡r❡ ✹ ❆ t♩✉r ♊❢ ❉♊❝❖♥❝❡

  56. ❉♊❝❖♥❝❡✿ ❲r✐t❡ ♊♥❝❡✱ ✐♥❝❧✉❞❡ ❛♥②✇❀❡r❡

  57. ❉♊❝❖♥❝❡ ❞❡♠♊s ❀tt♣✿✎✎❀♣❧❣✐t✳❣✐t❀✉❜✳❝♊♠✎t❡❛♠♊❞s✮✇r✐t✐♥❣❎r❡♣♊rts✮ ▲❛❚❡❳✲❜❛s❡❞ P❉❋ ❢♊r s❝r❡❡♥✱ ❢♊r ♣r✐♥t✐♥❣✱ ❢♊r ♣❀♊♥❡ P❧❛✐♥ ❍❚▌▲ ♩r ❇♩♩tstr❛♣ ♩r ❇♩♩ts✇❛t❝❀ ♩r ✇✐t❀ ❛ t❡♠♣❧❛t❡ ♩r ❛♥♊t❀❡r t❡♠♣❧❛t❡ ♩r s♩❧❛r✐③❡❞ ❙♣❀✐♥①✿ ❛❣♥✐✱ ♣②r❛♠✐❞✱ ❝❧❛ss②✱ ❢❡♥✐❝s✱ r❡❞❝❧♊✉❞ ❍❚▌▲ ❢♊r ●♊♊❣❧❡ ♩r ❲♊r❞♣r❡ss ❢♊r ❜❧♊❣ ♣♊sts ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ✭❲✐❊✐♣❡❞✐❛✱ ❲✐❊✐❜♊♊❊s✱ ❡t❝✮ ❉♊❝❖♥❝❡ s♩✉r❝❡ ❝♊❞❡ ❛♥❞ t✉t♩r✐❛❧

  58. ❉♊❝❖♥❝❡ ❞✐s❝❧❛✐♠❡r ❇❛s❡❞ ♊♥ t❡①t tr❛♥s❢♊r♠❛t✐♊♥s ✭r❡❣✳❡①♣✳✮ s♩ ✈❛❧✐❞ s②♥t❛① ♠❛② ♩❝❝❛s✐♊♥❛❧❧② ❣✐✈❡ ♣r♊❜❧❡♠s ❉♊❝❖♥❝❡ ❞✐✈♩r❝❡ ❆t ❛♥② t✐♠❡ ♊♥❡ ❝❛♥ ❞✐✈♩r❝❡ ❢r♩♠ ❉♊❝❖♥❝❡ ❛♥❞ ♠❛rr② ♊♥❡ ♊❢ t❀❡ ♩✉t♣✉t ❢♊r♠❛ts✱ s✉❝❀ ❛s ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♩r ❙♣❀✐♥①✳ ❚❀❡ ❣❡♥❡r❛t❡❞ ❝♊❞❡ ✐s ❝❧❡❛♥✳

  59. ❉♊❝❖♥❝❡ ❡①♣❡r✐❡♥❝❡ ❈♊❞❡ ❣❡♥❡r❛t✐♊♥ ✐s ❛ ❣r❡❛t t❀✐♥❣ Pr❡♣r♊❝❡ss♩rs ❛ ❧❛ ▌❛❊♊ ✐s ❛ ❣r❡❛t t❀✐♥❣ ▲❡ss t❛❣❣✐♥❣ t❀❛♥ ▲❛❚❡❳✎❍❚▌▲ ✐s ❛ ❣r❡❛t t❀✐♥❣ ❈♊❞❡ ❣❡♥❡r❛t✐♊♥ s♊❢t✇❛r❡ ❜❡❝♊♠❡s ❛ r❡♣♊s✐t♩r② ♊❢ ❛❞✈❛♥❝❡❞ ❛♥❞ ♥✐❝❡ ❝♊♥str✉❝ts ❢♊r ❧❛②♊✉t

  60. ✶ ❈❀❛❧❧❡♥❣❡s ✇✐t❀ t♩♩❧s ❢♊r s❝✐❡♥t✐✜❝ ✇r✐t✐♥❣ ✷ Pr♩s ❛♥❞ ❝♊♥s ♊❢ ✈❛r✐♩✉s t♩♩❧s ✾ ❉♊❝❖♥❝❡✿ ❲r✐t❡ ♊♥❝❡✱ ✐♥❝❧✉❞❡ ❛♥②✇❀❡r❡ ✹ ❆ t♩✉r ♊❢ ❉♊❝❖♥❝❡

  61. ❚✐t❧❡✱ ❛✉t❀♊rs✱ ❞❛t❡✱ t♩❝ ❚■❚▲❊✿ ❙♊♠❡ ❚✐t❧❡ ❆❯❚❍❖❘✿ ♥❛♠❡✶ ❛t ✐♥st✐t✉t✐♊♥✶✱ ✇✐t❀ ♠♩r❡ ✐♥❢♊ ✫ ✐♥st✐t✉t✐♊♥✷ ❆❯❚❍❖❘✿ ♥❛♠❡✷ ❡♠❛✐❧✿♥❛♠❡✷❅✇❡❜✳❝♊♠ ❛t ✐♥st✐t✉t✐♊♥ ❉❆❚❊✿ t♊❞❛② ★ ❆ t❛❜❧❡ ♊❢ ❝♊♥t❡♥ts ✐s ♊♣t✐♊♥❛❧✿ ❚❖❈✿ ♊♥ ◆♩t✐❝❡ ❚✐t❧❡ ❛♥❞ ❛✉t❀♊rs ♠✉st ❀❛✈❡ ❛❧❧ ✐♥❢♊r♠❛t✐♊♥ ♊♥ ❛ s✐♥❣❧❡ ❧✐♥❡ ✩

  62. ❆❜str❛❝t ❮❮❆❜str❛❝t✳❎❎ ❍❡r❡ ❣♊❡s t❀❡ ❛❜str❛❝t✳✳✳ ❖r✿ ❮❮❙✉♠♠❛r②✳❎❎ ❍❡r❡ ❣♊❡s t❀❡ s✉♠♠❛r②✳✳✳

  63. ❙❡❝t✐♊♥ ❀❡❛❞✐♥❣s ❍❡❛❞✐♥❣s ❛r❡ s✉rr♊✉♥❞❡❞ ❜② ❂ s✐❣♥s✿ ❂❂❂❂❂❂❂ ❚❀✐s ✐s ❛♥ ❍✶✎❝❀❛♣t❡r ❀❡❛❞✐♥❣ ❂❂❂❂❂❂❂ ❂❂❂❂❂ ❚❀✐s ✐s ❛♥ ❍✷✎s❡❝t✐♊♥ ❀❡❛❞✐♥❣ ❂❂❂❂❂ ❂❂❂❂❂ ❚❀✐s ✐s ❛♥ ❍✾✮s✉❜s❡❝t✐♊♥ ❀❡❛❞✐♥❣ ❂❂❂❂❂ ❂❂❂ ❚❀✐s ✐s ❛♥ ❍✹✎♣❛r❛❣r❛♣❀ ❀❡❛❞✐♥❣ ❂❂❂ ❎❎❚❀✐s ✐s ❛ ♣❛r❛❣r❛♣❀ ❀❡❛❞✐♥❣✳❎❎

  64. ▌❛r❊✉♣ ❛♥❞ ❧✐sts ✯ ❇✉❧❧❡t ❧✐st ✐t❡♠s st❛rt ✇✐t❀ ❵✯❵ ❛♥❞ ♠❛② s♣❛♥ s❡✈❡r❛❧ ❧✐♥❡s ✯ ✯❊♠♣❀❛s✐③❡❞ ✇♩r❞s✯ ❛r❡ ♣♊ss✐❜❧❡ ✯ ❎❇♊❧❞❢❛❝❡ ✇♩r❞s❎ ❛r❡ ❛❧s♩ ♣♊ss✐❜❧❡ ✯ ❝♩❧♩r④r❡❞⑥④❝♊❧♊r❡❞ ✇♩r❞s⑥ t♩♩ ✯ ❵✐♥❧✐♥❡ ✈❡r❜❛t✐♠ ❝♊❞❡❵ ✐s ❢❡❛t✉r❡❞ ♩ ❛♥❞ s✉❜❧✐sts ✇✐t❀ ❡♥✉♠❡r❛t❡❞ ✐t❡♠s st❛rt✐♥❣ ✇✐t❀ ❵♊❵ ♩ ✐t❡♠s ❛r❡ ❥✉st ✐♥❞❡♥t❡❞ ❛s ②♊✉ ✇♩✉❧❞ ❞♩ ✐♥ ❡♠❛✐❧ ❚❀✐s ❣❡ts r❡♥❞❡r❡❞ ❛s ❇✉❧❧❡t ❧✐sts st❛rt ✇✐t❀ ✯ ❛♥❞ ♠❛② s♣❛♥ s❡✈❡r❛❧ ❧✐♥❡s ❊♠♣❀❛s✐③❡❞ ✇♩r❞s ❛r❡ ♣♊ss✐❜❧❡ ❇♊❧❞❢❛❝❡ ✇♩r❞s ❛r❡ ❛❧s♩ ♣♊ss✐❜❧❡ ❝♩❧♩r❡❞ ✇♩r❞s t♩♩ ✐♥❧✐♥❡ ✈❡r❜❛t✐♠ ❝♊❞❡ ✐s ❢❡❛t✉r❡❞ ❛♥❞ s✉❜❧✐sts ✇✐t❀ ❡♥✉♠❡r❛t❡❞ ✐t❡♠s st❛rt✐♥❣ ✇✐t❀ ♩ ✶ ✐t❡♠s ❛r❡ ❥✉st ✐♥❞❡♥t❡❞ ❛s ②♊✉ ✇♩✉❧❞ ❞♩ ✐♥ ❡♠❛✐❧ ✷

  65. ▲❛❜❡❧s✱ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✱ ✐♥❞❡① ✐t❡♠s ★ ■♥s❡rt ✐♥❞❡① ✐t❡♠s ✐♥ t❀❡ s♩✉r❝❡ ✐❞①④❊❡② ✇♩r❞✶⑥ ✐❞①④❊❡② ✇♩r❞✷⑥ ★ ▲❛❜❡❧ ❂❂❂❂❂ ❙♊♠❡ s❡❝t✐♊♥ ❂❂❂❂❂ ❧❛❜❡❧④t❀✐s✿s❡❝t✐♊♥⑥ ★ ▌❛❊❡ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡ ❆s ✇❡ s❛✇ ✐♥ ❙❡❝t✐♊♥ r❡❢④t❀✐s✿s❡❝t✐♊♥⑥✱ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s✱ ✐♥❞❡① ✐t❡♠s ❛♥❞ ❧❛❜❡❧s ❢♊❧❧♊✇ ❛ s②♥t❛① s✐♠✐❧❛r t♩ ▲❛❚❡❳ ❜✉t ✇✐t❀♊✉t ❜❛❝❩s❧❛s❀❡s✳ ★ ▌❛❊❡ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡ t♩ ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥s ❙❡❡ ✭r❡❢④❡q✶⑥✮✲✭r❡❢④♠②❡q⑥✮✳ ★ ▌❛❊❡ ❀②♣❡r❧✐♥❊ ✧s♊♠❡ ❧✐♥❊ t❡①t✧✿ ✧❀tt♣s✿✎✎❣✐t❀✉❜✳❝♊♠✎❀♣❧❣✐t✎❞♊❝♊♥❝❡✧ ★ ❍②♣❡r❧✐♥❊ ✇✐t❀ ❝♊♠♣❧❡t❡ ❯❘▲ ❛s ❧✐♥❊ t❡①t ❯❘▲✿ ✧❀tt♣s✿✎✎❣✐t❀✉❜✳❝♊♠✎❀♣❧❣✐t✎❞♊❝♊♥❝❡✧

  66. ❋✐❣✉r❡s ❛♥❞ ♠♊✈✐❡s ■♠♣♊rt❛♥t✿ ❋✐❣✉r❡s ✇✐t❀ ❍❚▌▲ ❛♥❞ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ s✐③❡ ✐♥❢♊✱ ❛♥❞ ❝❛♣t✐♊♥✿ ❡✈❡r②t❀✐♥❣ ♊♥ ♊♥❡ ❧✐♥❡ ❋■●❯❘❊✿ ❬❢✐❣❞✐r✎♠②❢✐❣✱ ✇✐❞t❀❂✞✵✵ ❢r❛❝❂✶✳✷❪ ▌② ❝❛♣t✐♊♥✳ ❧❛❜❡❧④❢✐❣✶⑥ ▌♊✈✐❡s ❛r❡ ❛❧s♩ s✉♣♣♊rt❡❞✿ ▌❖❱■❊✿ ❬❀tt♣✿✎✎②♊✉t✉✳❜❡✎■❉❡●❉❋❩❙❚♊✜✱ ✇✐❞t❀❂✹✷✵ ❀❡✐❣❀t❂✞✶✺❪ ❛♥❞ r❡♥❞❡r❡❞ ❛s ❀tt♣✿✎✎②♊✉t✉❜❡✳❝♊♠✎■❉❡●❉❋❩❙❚♊✜

  67. ▌❛t❀ ■♥❧✐♥❡ ♠❛t❀ ❛s ✐♥ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✿ ✳✳✳✇❀❡r❡ ✩❛❂❭✐♥t❎④❭❖♠❡❣❛⑥❢❞①✩ ✐s ❛♥ ✐♥t❡❣r❛❧✳ ï¿œ ❣❡ts r❡♥❞❡r❡❞ ❛s ✳✳✳✇❀❡r❡ a = ℩ fdx ✐s ❛♥ ✐♥t❡❣r❛❧✳ ❆♥ ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥ ❡♥✈✐r♊♥♠❡♥t ✐s s✉rr♊✉♥❞❡❞ ❜② ✩❜t ❛♥❞ ✊❡t t❛❣s✱ t❀❡ r❡st ✐s ♣❧❛✐♥ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✿ ✩❜t ❭❜❡❣✐♥④❛❧✐❣♥⑥ ❭❢r❛❝④❭♣❛rt✐❛❧ ✉⑥④❭♣❛rt✐❛❧ t⑥ ✫❂ ❭♥❛❜❧❛❫✷ ✉✱ ❧❛❜❡❧④❛✿❡q⑥❭❭ ❭♥❛❜❧❛❭❝❞♊t❭♣♠❜④✈⑥ ✫ ❂ ✵ ❧❛❜❡❧④❜✿❡q⑥ ❭❡♥❞④❛❧✐❣♥⑥ ✊❡t ✇❀✐❝❀ ✐s r❡♥❞❡r❡❞ ❛s ∂ u ∂ t = ∇ ✷ u , ✭✶✮ ∇ · v v v = ✵ ✭✷✮

  68. ▌❛t❀ ✢❡①✐❜✐❧✐t② ▲✐♠✐t ♠❛t❀ ❡♥✈✐r♊♥♠❡♥ts t♩ ❭❬ ✳✳✳ ❭❪ ❭❜❡❣✐♥④❡q✉❛t✐♊♥✯⑥ ❭❡♥❞④❡q✉❛t✐♊♥✯⑥ ❭❜❡❣✐♥④❡q✉❛t✐♊♥⑥ ❭❡♥❞④❡q✉❛t✐♊♥⑥ ❭❜❡❣✐♥④❛❧✐❣♥✯⑥ ❭❡♥❞④❛❧✐❣♥✯⑥ ❭❜❡❣✐♥④❛❧✐❣♥⑥ ❭❡♥❞④❛❧✐❣♥⑥ ❉♊❝❖♥❝❡ ✜① ♊❢ s❀♊rt❝♊♠✐♥❣s ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥✱ ❛♥❞ ▌❡❞✐❛❲✐❊✐ ❝❛♥♥♊t ❀❛✈❡ ❛❧✐❣♥ ✇✐t❀ ❧❛❜❡❧s ▌❛t❀❏❛① ✭❍❚▌▲✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥✱ ▌❡❞✐❛✇✐❊✐✱ ✳✳✳✮ ❝❛♥♥♊t ❀❛♥❞❧❡ ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s ❛❝r♩ss ✇❡❜ ♣❛❣❡s

  69. ❉✐s♣❧❛②✐♥❣ ❝♊❞❡ ❈♊❞❡ ✐s ❡♥❝❧♊s❡❞ ✐♥ ✩❜❝ ❛♥❞ ✊❡❝ t❛❣s✿ ✩❜❝ ♣②❝♊❞ ❞❡❢ s♊❧✈❡r✭■✱ ❛✱ ❚✱ ❞t✱ t❀❡t❛✮✿ ✧✧✧❙♊❧✈❡ ✉✬❂✲❛✯✉✱ ✉✭✵✮❂■✱ ❢♊r t ✐♥ ✭✵✱❚❪ ✇✐t❀ st❡♣s ♊❢ ❞t✳✧✧✧ ❞t ❂ ❢❧♊❛t✭❞t✮❀ ◆ ❂ ✐♥t✭r♊✉♥❞✭❚✎❞t✮✮❀ ❚ ❂ ◆✯❞t ✉ ❂ ③❡r♩s✭◆✰✶✮❀ t ❂ ❧✐♥s♣❛❝❡✭✵✱ ❚✱ ◆✰✶✮ ✉❬✵❪ ❂ ■ ❢♊r ♥ ✐♥ r❛♥❣❡✭✵✱ ◆✮✿ ✉❬♥✰✶❪ ❂ ✭✶ ✲ ✭✶✲t❀❡t❛✮✯❛✯❞t✮✎✭✶ ✰ t❀❡t❛✯❞t✯❛✮✯✉❬♥❪ r❡t✉r♥ ✉✱ t ✊❡❝ ❚❀✐s ❣❡ts r❡♥❞❡r❡❞ ❛s ❞❡❢ s♊❧✈❡r✭■✱ ❛✱ ❚✱ ❞t✱ t❀❡t❛✮✿ ✧✧✧❙♊❧✈❡ ✉✬❂✲❛✯✉✱ ✉✭✵✮❂■✱ ❢♊r t ✐♥ ✭✵✱❚❪ ✇✐t❀ st❡♣s ♊❢ ❞t✳✧✧✧ ❞t ❂ ❢❧♊❛t✭❞t✮❀ ◆ ❂ ✐♥t✭r♊✉♥❞✭❚✎❞t✮✮❀ ❚ ❂ ◆✯❞t ✉ ❂ ③❡r♩s✭◆✰✶✮❀ t ❂ ❧✐♥s♣❛❝❡✭✵✱ ❚✱ ◆✰✶✮ ✉❬✵❪ ❂ ■ ❢♊r ♥ ✐♥ r❛♥❣❡✭✵✱ ◆✮✿ ✉❬♥✰✶❪ ❂ ✭✶ ✲ ✭✶✲t❀❡t❛✮✯❛✯❞t✮✎✭✶ ✰ t❀❡t❛✯❞t✯❛✮✯✉❬♥❪ r❡t✉r♥ ✉✱ t

  70. ❈♊♣②✐♥❣ ❝♊❞❡ ❢r♩♠ s♩✉r❝❡ ✜❧❡s ❲❡ r❡❝♊♠♠❡♥❞ t♩ ❝♊♣② ❛s ♠✉❝❀ ❝♊❞❡ ❛s ♣♊ss✐❜❧❡ ❞✐r❡❝t❧② ❢r♩♠ t❀❡ s♩✉r❝❡ ✜❧❡s✿ ❅❅❅❈❖❉❊ ♣❛t❀✎t♊✎❢✐❧❡ ❅❅❅❈❖❉❊ ♣❛t❀✎t♊✎❢✐❧❡ ❢r♩♠t♊✿ st❛rt✲r❡❣❡①❅❡♥❞✲r❡❣❡① ❋♩r ❡①❛♠♣❧❡✱ ❝♊♣②✐♥❣ ❛ ❝♊❞❡ s♥✐♣♣❡t st❛rt✐♥❣ ✇✐t❀ ❞❡❢ s♊❧✈❡r✭ ❛♥❞ ❡♥❞✐♥❣ ✇✐t❀ ✭❧✐♥❡ ♥♊t ✐♥❝❧✉❞❡❞✮ ❞❡❢ ♥❡①t✭①✱ ②✱ ✐s s♣❡❝✐✜❡❞ ❜② st❛rt ❛♥❞ ❡♥❞ r❡❣✉❧❛r ❡①♣r❡ss✐♊♥s✿ ❅❅❅❈❖❉❊ sr❝✮s♊♠❡❢✐❧❡✳♣② ❢r♩♠t♊✿ ❞❡❢ s♊❧✈❡r❭✭❅❞❡❢ ♥❡①t❭✭①✱❭s✯②✱

  71. ❚②♣❡s❡tt✐♥❣ ♊❢ ❝♊❞❡ ✐s ✐♠♣❧✐❡❞ ❜② t❀❡ ✜❧❡ ❡①t❡♥s✐♊♥ ✳♣② ✿ ♣②♣r♩ ✐❢ ❝♊♠♣❧❡t❡ ✜❧❡✱ ♣②❝♊❞ ✐❢ s♥✐♣♣❡t ✳♣②♊♣t ✿ ✈✐s✉❛❧✐③❡❞ ❡①❡❝✉t✐♊♥ ✈✐❛ t❀❡ ❖♥❧✐♥❡ P②t❀♊♥ ❚✉t♩r ✳❢ ✱ ✳❢✟✵ ✱ ❢✳✟✺ ✿ ❢♣r♩ ❛♥❞ ❢❝♊❞ ✳❝♣♣ ✱ ✳❝①① ✿ ❝♣♣♣r♩ ❛♥❞ ❝♣♣❝♊❞ ✳❝ ✿ ❝♣r♩ ❛♥❞ ❝❝♩❞ ✳✯s❀ ✿ s❀♣r♩ ❛♥❞ s❀❝♊❞ ✳♠ ✿ ♠♣r♩ ❛♥❞ ♠❝♩❞ ♣t❡①✷t❡① ✿ ❜❡t✇❡❡♥ ✹✵✰ ❝♊❞❡ st②❧❡s ✐♥ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ♣②❣♠❡♥ts ✐s ✉s❡❞ ❢♊r ❝♊❞❡ ✐♥ ❍❚▌▲ ✭❝❛ ✶✵ st②❧❡s✮

  72. ❉❡♠♊♥str❛t✐♥❣ ❝♊❞❡ ❡①❡❝✉t✐♊♥❀ ❖♥❧✐♥❡ P②t❀♊♥ ❚✉t♩r ❲✐t❀ ✩❜❝ ♣②♊♣t♣r♩ ♩r ❛ ✜❧❡ ✯✳♣②♊♣t ✱ t❀❡ ❝♊❞❡ ❛♣♣❧✐❡s t❀❡ ❖♥❧✐♥❡ P②t❀♊♥ ❚✉t♩r ❢♊r ❞✐s♣❧❛②✐♥❣ ♣r♊❣r❛♠ ✢♊✇ ❛♥❞ st❛t❡ ♊❢ ✈❛r✐❛❜❧❡s✿ ❞❡❢ s♊❧✈❡r✭■✱ ❛✱ ❚✱ ❞t✱ t❀❡t❛✮✿ ❞t ❂ ❢❧♊❛t✭❞t✮ ◆ ❂ ✐♥t✭r♊✉♥❞✭❚✎❞t✮✮ ❚ ❂ ◆✯❞t ✉ ❂ ❬✵✳✵❪✯✭◆✰✶✮ t ❂ ❬✐✯❞t ❢♊r ✐ ✐♥ r❛♥❣❡✭◆✰✶✮❪ ✉❬✵❪ ❂ ■ ❢♊r ♥ ✐♥ r❛♥❣❡✭✵✱ ◆✮✿ ✉❬♥✰✶❪ ❂ ✭✶ ✲ ✭✶✲t❀❡t❛✮✯❛✯❞t✮✎✭✶ ✰ t❀❡t❛✯❞t✯❛✮✯✉❬♥❪ r❡t✉r♥ ✉✱ t ✉✱ t ❂ s♊❧✈❡r✭■❂✶✱ ❛❂✶✱ ❚❂✞✱ ❞t❂✶✳✱ t❀❡t❛❂✵✳✺✮ ♣r✐♥t ✉ ✭❱✐s✉❛❧✐③❡ ❡①❡❝✉t✐♊♥✮

  73. ❉❡♠♊♥str❛t✐♥❣ ❝♊❞❡ ❡①❡❝✉t✐♊♥❀ ❙❛❣❡ ❈❡❧❧ ❙❡r✈❡r ❲✐t❀ ✩❜❝ ♣②s❝♣r♩ ♩r ❛ ✜❧❡ ✯✳♣②s❝ ✱ t❀❡ ❝♊❞❡ ✐s t②♣❡s❡t ✐♥ ❛ s❛❣❡ ❝❡❧❧✿ ❛ ❂ ✷ ❜ ❂ ✾ ♣r✐♥t ✬❛✰❜✿✬✱ ❛ ✰ ❜ ★ ■♥ ❛ s❛❣❡ ❝❡❧❧ ✇❡ ❝❛♥ ❛❧s♩ ♣❧♊t ❢r♩♠ ♠❛t♣❧♊t❧✐❜✳♣②♣❧♊t ✐♠♣♊rt ✯ ❢r♩♠ ♥✉♠♣② ✐♠♣♊rt ✯ ① ❂ ❧✐♥s♣❛❝❡✭✵✱ ✹✯♣✐✱ ✶✵✶✮ ② ❂ ❡①♣✭✲✵✳✶✯①✮✯❝♊s✭①✮ ♣❧♊t✭①✱ ②✮ ①❧❛❜❡❧✭✬①✬✮❀ ②❧❛❜❡❧✭✬②✬✮ s❀♊✇✭✮ ❲❛r♥✐♥❣ ❲♊r❊s ♊♥❧② ✐♥ ❙♣❀✐♥① ❞♊❝✉♠❡♥ts ✭❜✉t ❍❚▌▲ s✉♣♣♊rt ✐s ♣♊ss✐❜❧❡✮✳

  74. ❉❡♠♊♥str❛t✐♥❣ ❝♊❞❡ ❡①❡❝✉t✐♊♥❀ ■P②t❀♊♥ ♥♊t❡❜♊♊❊ ❈❛♥ t❛❊❡ ❛ ❉♊❝❖♥❝❡ s♩✉r❝❡ ❛♥❞ tr❛♥s❢♊r♠ t♩ ❛♥ ■P②t❀♊♥ ♥♊t❡❜♊♊❊ ✇✐t❀ s♩✉r❝❡

  75. ❚❛❜❧❡s ⑀✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲⑀ â‘€t✐♠❡ â‘€ ✈❡❧♊❝✐t② â‘€ ❛❝❝❡❧❡r❛t✐♊♥ â‘€ ⑀✲✲✲r✲✲✲✲✲✲✲r✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲r✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲⑀ â‘€ ✵✳✵ â‘€ ✶✳✹✶✜✻ â‘€ ✲✺✳✵✶ â‘€ â‘€ ✷✳✵ â‘€ ✶✳✞✌✻✺✶✷ â‘€ ✶✶✳✟✶✟ â‘€ â‘€ ✹✳✵ â‘€ ✶✳✶❊✰✶ â‘€ ✶✹✳✌✶✌✻✷✹ â‘€ ⑀✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲✲⑀ ●❡ts r❡♥❞❡r❡❞ ❛s t✐♠❡ ✈❡❧♊❝✐t② ❛❝❝❡❧❡r❛t✐♊♥ ✵✳✵ ✶✳✹✶✜✻ ✲✺✳✵✶ ✷✳✵ ✶✳✞✌✻✺✶✷ ✶✶✳✟✶✟ ✹✳✵ ✶✳✶❊✰✶ ✶✹✳✌✶✌✻✷✹

  76. ◆❡✇❝♊♠♠❛♥❞s ❢♊r ♠❛t❀ ♥❡✇❝♊♠♠❛♥❞s✯✳t❡① ✜❧❡s ❝♊♥t❛✐♥ ♥❡✇❝♊♠♠❛♥❞s ❯s❡❞ ❞✐r❡❝t❧② ✐♥ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ❙✉❜st✐t✉t✐♊♥ ♠❛❞❡ ❢♊r ♠❛♥② ♩t❀❡r ❢♊r♠❛ts

  77. ▲❛❜❡❧s✱ ❝✐t❛t✐♊♥s✱ ✐♥❞❡①✱ ❜✐❜❧✐♊❣r❛♣❀② ▲❛❜❧❡s✱ ❝✐t❛t✐♊♥s✱ ✐♥❞❡①✱ ❛♥❞ ❜✐❜❧✐♊❣r❛♣❀② ❢♊❧❧♊✇ t❀❡ ✐❞❡❛s ♊❢ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✱ ❜✉t ✇✐t❀♊✉t ❜❛❝❩s❧❛s❀❡s✿ ❂❂❂❂❂ ▌② ❙❡❝t✐♊♥ ❂❂❂❂❂ ❧❛❜❡❧④s❡❝✿♠②s❡❝⑥ ✐❞①④❊❡② ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥⑥ ✐❞①④✩❭✉✩ ❝♊♥s❡r✈❛t✐♊♥⑥ ❲❡ r❡❢❡r t♩ ❙❡❝t✐♊♥ r❡❢④s❡❝✿②♊✉rs❡❝⑥ ❢♊r ❜❛❝❊❣r♊✉♥❞ ♠❛t❡r✐❛❧ ♊♥ t❀❡ ✯❊❡② ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥✯✳ ❍❡r❡ ✇❡ ❢♊❝✉s ♊♥ t❀❡ ❡①t❡♥s✐♊♥ ✩❜t ❭❜❡❣✐♥④❡q✉❛t✐♊♥⑥ ❭❉❞t④❭✉⑥ ❂ ❭♠②❝♊♠♠❛♥❞④✈⑥ ❧❛❜❡❧④♠②s❡❝✿❡q✿❉✉❞t⑥ ❭❡♥❞④❡q✉❛t✐♊♥⑥ ✊❡t ❊q✉❛t✐♊♥ ✭r❡❢④♠②s❡❝✿❡q✿❉✉❞t⑥✮ ✐s ✐♠♣♊rt❛♥t✱ s❡❡ ❝✐t❡④▲❛rs❡♥❎❡t❎❛❧❎✷✵✵✷✱❏♊❀♥s♊♥❎❋r✐❡❞♠❛♥❎✷✵✶✵❛⑥✳ ❆❧s♊✱ ❝✐t❡④▌✐❧❧❡r❎✷✵✵✵⑥ s✉♣♣♊rts s✉❝❀ ❛ ✈✐❡✇✳ ❋✐❣✉r❡ r❡❢④♠②s❡❝✿❢✐❣✿♠②❢✐❣⑥ ❞✐s♣❧❛②s t❀❡ ❢❡❛t✉r❡s✳ ❋■●❯❘❊✿ ❬❢✐❣✎♠②❢✐❧❡✱ ✇✐❞t❀❂✻✵✵❪ ▌② ❢✐❣✉r❡✳ ❧❛❜❡❧④♠②s❡❝✿❢✐❣✿♠②❢✐❣⑥ ❂❂❂❂❂ ❘❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s ❂❂❂❂❂ ❇■❇❋■▲❊✿ ♣❛♣❡rs✳♣✉❜ ❚❀❡ ♣❛♣❡rs✳♣✉❜ ✜❧❡ ♠✉st ❜❡ ✐♥ P✉❜❧✐s❀ ❢♊r♠❛t ✭❡❛s② t♩ ♠❛❊❡ ❢r♩♠ ❇✐❜ ❚ ❊❳✮✳

  78. ❊①❡r❝✐s❡s ❉♊❝❖♥❝❡ ♊✛❡rs ❛ s♣❡❝✐❛❧ ❢♊r♠❛t ❢♊r ❡①❡r❝✐s❡s ✱ ♣r♊❜❧❡♠s ✱ ♣r♊❥❡❝ts ✱ ❛♥❞ ❡①❛♠♣❧❡s ✿ ❂❂❂❂❂ Pr♊❜❧❡♠✿ ❋❧✐♣ ❛ ❈♊✐♥ ❂❂❂❂❂ ❧❛❜❡❧④❞❡♠♊✿❡①✿✶⑥ ❢✐❧❡s❂❢❧✐♣❎❝♊✐♥✳♣②✱ ❢❧✐♣❎❝♊✐♥✳♣❞❢ s♩❧✉t✐♊♥s❂♠②s♊❧✳t①t✱ ♠②s♊❧❎❢❧✐♣❎❝♊✐♥✳♣② ❊❡②✇♊r❞s ❂ r❛♥❞♊♠ ♥✉♠❜❡rs❀ ▌♊♥t❡ ❈❛r❧♩ s✐♠✉❧❛t✐♊♥ ✩❜s✉❜❡① ▌❛❊❡ ❛ ♣r♊❣r❛♠ t❀❛t s✐♠✉❧❛t❡s ❢❧✐♣♣✐♥❣ ❛ ❝♊✐♥ ✩◆✩ t✐♠❡s✳ ✊❜❀✐♥t ❯s❡ ❵r ❂ r❛♥❞♊♠✳r❛♥❞♊♠✭✮❵ ❛♥❞ ❞❡❢✐♥❡ ❀❡❛❞ ❛s ❵r ❁❂ ✵✳✺❵✳ ✊❡❀✐♥t ✊❡s✉❜❡① ✩❜s✉❜❡① ❈♊♠♣✉t❡ t❀❡ ♣r♩❜❛❜✐❧✐t② ♊❢ ❣❡tt✐♥❣ ❀❡❛❞s✳ ✊❜❛♥s ✵✳✺✳ ✊❡❛♥s ✊❡s✉❜❡①

  79. ❊①❡r❝✐s❡s ❆❧❧ ❡①❡r❝✐s❡s ✱ ♣r♊❜❧❡♠s ✱ ❛♥❞ ♣r♊❥❡❝ts ✐♥ ❛ ❞♊❝✉♠❡♥t ❛r❡ ♣❛rs❡❞ ❛♥❞ ❛✈❛✐❧❛❜❧❡ ✐♥ ❛ ❞❛t❛ str✉❝t✉r❡ ✭❧✐st ♊❢ ❞✐❝ts✮ ❢♊r ❢✉rt❀❡r ♣r♊❝❡ss✐♥❣ ✭❡✳❣✳✱ ♠❛❊✐♥❣ ❛ ❜♩♩❩ ♊❢ ♣r♊❜❧❡♠s✮✳ ❬④✬❛♥s✇❡r✬✿ ✬✬✱ ✬❝❧♊s✐♥❣❎r❡♠❛r❊s✬✿ ✬✬✱ ✬❢✐❧❡✬✿ ❬✬❢❧✐♣❎❝♊✐♥✳♣②✬✱ ✬❢❧✐♣❎❝♊✐♥✳♣❞❢✬❪✱ ✬❀✐♥ts✬✿ ❬❪✱ ✬❊❡②✇♊r❞s✬✿ ❬✬r❛♥❞♊♠ ♥✉♠❜❡rs✬✱ ✬▌♊♥t❡ ❈❛r❧♩ s✐♠✉❧❛t✐♊♥✬❪✱ ✬❧❛❜❡❧✬✿ ✬❞❡♠♊✿❡①✿✶✬✱ ✬s♩❧✉t✐♊♥❎❢✐❧❡✬✿ ❬✬♠②s♊❧✳t①t✬✱ ✬♠②s♊❧❎❢❧✐♣❎❝♊✐♥✳♣②✬❪✱ ✬s✉❜❡①✬✿ ❬④✬❛♥s✇❡r✬✿ ✬✬✱ ✬❢✐❧❡✬✿ ◆♊♥❡✱ ✬❀✐♥ts✬✿ ❬✬❯s❡ ❵r ❂ r❛♥❞♊♠✳r❛♥❞♊♠✭✮❵ ✳✳✳✬❪✱ ✬s♩❧✉t✐♊♥✬✿ ✬✬✱ ✬t❡①t✬✿ ✬▌❛❊❡ ❛ ♣r♊❣r❛♠ t❀❛t s✐♠✉❧❛t❡s ✳✳✳✬⑥✱❪✱ ✬t✐t❧❡✬✿ ✬❋❧✐♣ ❛ ❈♊✐♥✬✱ ✬t②♣❡✬✿ ✬Pr♊❜❧❡♠✬⑥❪

  80. ❯s❡ ♊❢ ♣r❡♣r♊❝❡ss♩rs ❙✐♠♣❧❡ ✐❢✲❡❧s❡ t❡sts ❛ ❧❛ t❀❡ ❈✮❈✰✰ ♣r❡♣r♊❝❡ss♩r ❋❖❘▌❆❚ ✈❛r✐❛❜❧❡ ❝❛♥ ❜❡ ✉s❡❞ t♩ t❡st ♊♥ ❢♊r♠❛t✱ ❡✳❣✳✱ ✐❢ ❧❛t❡①✎♣❞✢❛t❡① ❞♩ ♊♥❡ s♩rt ♊❢ ❝♊❞❡ ✭r❛✇ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳✮ ✐❢ ❀t♠❧✱ ❞♩ ❛♥♊t❀❡r t②♣❡ ♊❢ ❝♊❞❡ ✭r❛✇ ❍❚▌▲✮ ❊❛s② t♩ ❝♊♠♠❡♥t ♩✉t ❧❛r❣❡ ♣♊rt✐♊♥s ♊❢ t❡①t ❊❛s② t♩ ♠❛❊❡ ❞✐✛❡r❡♥t ✈❡rs✐♊♥s ♊❢ t❀❡ ❞♊❝✉♠❡♥t ❚❀❡ ♠❛❩♩ ♣r❡♣r♊❝❡ss♩r ✐s r❡❛❧❧② ♣♊✇❡r❢✉❧ ✲ ❣✐✈❡s ❛ ❝♊♠♣❧❡t❡ ♣r♊❣r❛♠♠✐♥❣ ❧❛♥❣✉❛❣❡ ✐♥s✐❞❡ t❀❡ ❞♊❝✉♠❡♥t✩

  81. ❉♊❝❖♥❝❡ ❛❞♠♊♥✐t✐♊♥s ❯s❡ ✇✐t❀ ❝❛✉t✐♊♥✊ ❙✉❝❀ ❡♥✈✐r♊♥♠❡♥ts ♠❛② ❧✐❣❀t ✉♣ t❀❡ ❞♊❝✉♠❡♥t✱ ❜✉t ❝❛♥ ❜❡ ❞✐st✉r❜✐♥❣ t♊♊✳ ❙♊♠❡ ❛❞♠♊♥ st②❧❡s ❀❛✈❡ ✐❝♊♥s✳ ●♊✐♥❣ ❞❡❡♣❡r✳ ▌♊r❡ ❞❡t❛✐❧s ❝❛♥ ❜❡ s❡♣❛r❛t❡❞ ❢r♩♠ t❀❡ r❡st✳ ❚✐♠❡ ❢♊r r❡✈✐❡✇✊ ❚❛s❊s✿ ▌❛②❜❡ ❛s❊ ❛ q✉❡st✐♊♥❄ ❖r t✇♩❄ ❈♊♥❝❧✉s✐♊♥✿ ❆ s♣❡❝✐❛❧ ✧❜❧♩❝❩✧ ❛❞♠♊♥✐t✐♊♥ ❀❛s ❧❡ss ♣r♊♥♊✉♥❝❡❞ t②♣❡s❡tt✐♥❣ ❛♥❞ ❝❛♥ ❜❡ ✉s❡❞ ✇❀❡♥ ♥♊ s♣❡❝✐❛❧ ✐❝♊♥ ✐s ❞❡s✐r❡❞✳ ●♩♩❞ ❢♊r s❧✐❞❡s✳

  82. ●❡♥❡r❛❧✐③❡❞ r❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s ❈❀❛♣t❡rs ❝❛♥ ❜❡ st❛♥❞✲❛❧♊♥❡ ❞♊❝✉♠❡♥ts ♩r ♣❛rts ♊❢ ❛ ❜♩♩❩ ■♥ ❛ ❜♩♩❩ ②♊✉ ❢r❡q✉❡♥t❧② r❡❢❡r t♩ ♩t❀❡r ❝❀❛♣t❡rs ❲❀❡♥ ❛ ❝❀❛♣t❡r ✐s ❛ st❛♥❞✲❛❧♊♥❡ ❞♊❝✉♠❡♥t✱ ✐t ♠✉st r❡❢❡r t♩ ❛♥♊t❀❡r st❛♥❞✲❛❧♊♥❡ ❝❀❛♣t❡r ❞♊❝✉♠❡♥t ❚❀✐s r❡q✉✐r❡s ❣❡♥❡r❛❧✐③❡❞ ❝r♩ss✲r❡❢❡r❡♥❝✐♥❣ ▲ ❆ ❚ ❊❳ ❀❛s ❛ s♩❧✉t✐♊♥✿ ①r ❉♊❝❖♥❝❡ ❀❛s ❛ s♩❧✉t✐♊♥ ❛❧s♩ ❢♊r ❍❚▌▲✱ ❙♣❀✐♥①✱ ▌❛r❊❞♊✇♥✱ ✳✳✳ r❡❢❬✐♥t❡r♥❛❧❪❬❧❛t❡① ❝✐t❡❪❬❡①t❡r♥❛❧❪ ✳✳✳❛s s❀♊✇♥ ✐♥ r❡❢❬❙❡❝t✐♊♥ r❡❢④s❡❝✿❡qs⑥❪❬ ✐♥ ❝✐t❡④♠❛t❀❎❡qs❎✷✵✷✵⑥❪❬ t❀❡ ❞♊❝✉♠❡♥t ✧▌❛t❀❡♠❛t✐❝❛❧ ❊q✉❛t✐♊♥s✧✿ ✧❀tt♣✿✎✎s♊♠❡✳♥❡t✮❞♩❝✮♠❛t❀❡qs✳❀t♠❧✧ ❝✐t❡④♠❛t❀❎❡qs❎✷✵✷✵⑥❪✳

  83. ❙❧✐❞❡s ❱❡r② ❡✛❡❝t✐✈❡ ✇❛② t♩ ❣❡♥❡r❛t❡ s❧✐❞❡s ❢r♩♠ r✉♥♥✐♥❣ t❡①t✿ ❚❛❊❡ ❛ ❝♊♣② ♊❢ ②♊✉r ❉♊❝❖♥❝❡ ♣r♩s❡ ❙tr✐♣ ♩✛ ❛s ♠✉❝❀ t❡①t ❛s ♣♊ss✐❜❧❡ ❊♠♣❀❛s✐③❡ ❊❡② ♣♊✐♥ts ✐♥ ❜✉❧❧❡t ✐t❡♠s ❋♩❝✉s ♊♥ ❊❡② ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥s✱ ✜❣✉r❡s✱ ♠♊✈✐❡s✱ ❊❡② ❝♊❞❡ s♥✐♣♣❡ts ■♥s❡rt ✩s♣❧✐t ✇❀❡r❡✈❡r ②♊✉ ✇❛♥t ❛ ♥❡✇ s❧✐❞❡ t♩ ❜❡❣✐♥ ■♥s❡rt ✊❜♣♊♣ ❛♥❞ ✊❡♣♊♣ ❛r♊✉♥❞ ❡❧❡♠❡♥ts t♩ ♣♊♣ ✉♣ ✐♥ s❡q✉❡♥❝❡ ✭♩r ✐♥s❡rt ⑀❭♣❛✉s❡⑀ ✐♥s✐❞❡ ❝♊❞❡ ❜❧♩❝❩s✮ ❯s❡ ✌ ❂ ♩r ✺ ❂ ✐♥ ❀❡❛❞✐♥❣s ✭❍✷ ♩r ❍✞✮ ❙✉♣♣♊rt❡❞ s❧✐❞❡ t②♣❡s✿ ❇❡❛♠❡r✱ ❍❚▌▲✱ ❍❚▌▲✺ ✭r❡✈❡❛❧✳❥s✱ ❞❡❝❊✳❥s✱ ❝sss✱ ❞③s❧✐❞❡s✮

  84. ❊①❛♠♣❧❡ ♊♥ s❧✐❞❡ ❝♊❞❡ ✩s♣❧✐t ❂❂❂❂❂ ❍❡❛❞❧✐♥❡ ❂❂❂❂❂ ✯ ❑❡② ♣♊✐♥t ✶ ✯ ❑❡② ♣♊✐♥t ✷ ✯ ❑❡② ♣♊✐♥t ✞✿ ❆❧t❀♊✉❣❀ ❧♊♥❣ ❜✉❧❧❡t ♣♊✐♥ts ❛r❡ ♥♊t r❡❝♊♠♠❡♥❞❡❞ ✐♥ ❣❡♥❡r❛❧✱ ✇❡ ♥❡❡❞ ✐t ❀❡r❡ ❢♊r ❞❡♠♊♥str❛t✐♊♥ ♣✉r♣♊s❡s t♩ ✐♥✈❡st✐❣❛t❡ ✇❀❛t ❀❛♣♣❡♥s ✇✐t❀ t❀❡ s❧✐❞❡ ❧❛②♊✉t ✇❀❡r❡ t❀❡r❡ ✐s s♩ ♠✉❝❀ t❡①t ✉♥❞❡r ♊♥❡ ♣♊✐♥t ❋■●❯❘❊✿ ❬❢✐❣✎t❡❛❝❀❡r✶✱ ✇✐❞t❀❂✶✵✵ ❢r❛❝❂✵✳✹❪ ❑❡② ❡q✉❛t✐♊♥✿ ✩❜t ❭❬ ✲❭♥❛❜❧❛❫✷ ✉ ❂ ❢ ❭q✉❛❞❭❀❜♊①④✐♥ ⑥❭❖♠❡❣❛ ❭❪ ✊❡t ❆♥❞ ♠❛②❜❡ ❛ ❢✐♥❛❧ ❝♊♠♠❡♥t❄ ✩s♣❧✐t ❂❂❂❂❂ ◆❡①t s❧✐❞❡✳✳✳ ❂❂❂❂❂

  85. ●r✐❞ ❧❛②♊✉t ♊❢ s❧✐❞❡✿ ▌①◆ ❝❡❧❧s ❊①❛♠♣❧❡ ✇✐t❀ ❛ ❜✉❧❧❡t ❧✐st t♩ t❀❡ ❧❡❢t ❛♥❞ ❛ ✜❣✉r❡ t♩ t❀❡ r✐❣❀t ✭t✇♩ ❝❡❧❧s✿ ✵✵ ❛♥❞ ✵✶✮✿ ✩s♣❧✐t ❂❂❂❂❂ ❍❡❛❞❧✐♥❡ ❂❂❂❂❂ ✩❜s❧✐❞❡❝❡❧❧ ✵✵ ✊❜♣♊♣ ✯ ❑❡② ♣♊✐♥t ✶ ✯ ❑❡② ♣♊✐♥t ✷ ✯ ❑❡② ♣♊✐♥t ✾ ✊❡♣♊♣ ✊❜♣♊♣ ✩❜t ❭❬ ✲❭♥❛❜❧❛❫✷ ✉ ❂ ❢ ❭q✉❛❞❭❀❜♊①④✐♥ ⑥❭❖♠❡❣❛ ❭❪ ✊❡t ✊❡♣♊♣ ✊❡s❧✐❞❡❝❡❧❧ ✩❜s❧✐❞❡❝❡❧❧ ✵✶ ❋■●❯❘❊✿ ❬❢✐❣✎❜r♊❊❡♥❎♣❡♥❎❛♥❞❎♣❛♣❡r✱ ✇✐❞t❀❂✹✵✵ ❢r❛❝❂✵✳✜❪ ✊❡s❧✐❞❡❝❡❧❧ ✩s♣❧✐t ❂❂❂❂❂ ◆❡①t s❧✐❞❡✳✳✳ ❂❂❂❂❂

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