Sunflower Production and Market Opportunities Lake Region Roundup - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Sunflower Production and Market Opportunities

Lake Region Roundup 2019 Alison Pokrzywinski – Technical Agronomist

Market Pyramid

Confections Hullers High Oleic & NuSun Birdfood

• 1998

– First commercial NuSun available – Replaced hybrids with Traditional Oil

• 2003

– 55% of acres were NuSun

• 2007

– 85% of acres were NuSun – The remaining High Oleic and Traditional

• 2016

– Last year of true premiums seen for HO – Growers had $1-$2 premium

• Shift to more HO acres

resulting in no more premium

• Over 50% of hybrids now

are High Oleic

Market Changes

Market Changes

• How does this affect the grower?

– No more premium for High Oleic vs NuSun – Lower oleic content requirements: 82% vs 85% – Many of the new genetics are High Oleic – Keep bins separate with NS/HO to maintain integrity of the crop

2019 Crop Insurance Changes

• Add 5 days to ND final planting date for full

coverage.

– June 5 counties would have June 10 – June 10 counties would have June 15 – Earliest and late planting dates would remain the same

• Provide insurability for Sclerotinia and dark

roast quality loss in Con-oils & Hullers in 2020

Company Dynamics

• Mycogen and Pioneer = Corteva

– No more US breeding program

• Syngenta sunflowers sold to Winfield

(Croplan)

• NuTech and Thunder Seed have exited

the sunflower business

Fertility

• Updated in recent years through research

conducted in the Dakotas

– Dr. Dave Franzen, NDSU – Dr. Christopher Graham, SDSU

• Previously using recommendations that

were over 40 years old

– Fallow, conventional tillage – Disease resistance has improved – Herbicide systems in place

Fertility

• New Nitrogen recommendations factor:

– Price of the grain – Price of Nitrogen

• Sunflower yields increase with additional N

up to a point, then plateau and decrease

– Yield loss from too much N

• Lodging and disease
• New Phosphorous recommendation

– Sunflower have been unresponsive to a P application

Diseases

• Phomopsis Stem Canker

– Not even on the radar in 2005 – Started to take notice in 2010 – Major issue now throughout the region – Complex trait (many genes involved)

• Like Sclerotinia/White Mold

– No molecular markers available (yet)

Phomopsis Stem Canker

• No solid solution yet

– Integrated approach – Rotation, Genetics, Fungicides (R1?)

• Prediction model in the

future

• High priority within our

company

Downy Mildew

• Plenaris

– Seed treatment – New mode of action that works differently than

• ther fungicides
• Genetics

– Working with advanced DM traits

• Best defense against the disease is an

integrated approach

• Plenaris + Dynasty (2 modes of action)
• Genetics

Rust

• Updated in the past 5 years
• Both oilseed and confection

show a yield decrease

– Confections are more susceptible

• Pays to manage

– 1% severity at R5 or sooner on upper 4 leaves – Triazoles, Strobularins

Herbicides – BASF

• Zidua

– Pyroxasulfone – Pre and post emerge – Waterhemp, cocklebur, pigweed, foxtail

• Clearfield System

– Imazamox

• Clearfield Plus

– Imazamox + MSO

Herbicides – FMC

• Spartan (sulfentrazone)

– Kochia, Lambsquarter, Russian Thistle

• Aim (carfentrazone)
• Spartan Charge (Spartan + carfentrazone)
• Authority Elite (Spartan + s-metolachlor)
• Authority Supreme (Spartan +

pyroxasulfone)

• Express (tribenuron)

Insecticides

• In-furrow label

– Mustang Maxx – Cutworms, wireworms

• Prevathon (Rynaxypyr)

– Short re-entry (4 hrs) – Safer for bees – Long-lasting (21 days) – Excellent on Banded Sunflower Moth – Weaker on Seed Weevil

Desiccation

• More growers are desiccating to take

advantage of an earlier harvest

– Roundup, Sharpen, Valor SX (or EZ), Gramoxone – Increase yields and decrease drying costs

• Late season lodging, seeds rubbing out,

blackbirds, slow-down sclerotinia head rot, early drydown can minimize artificial drying costs

Blackbirds

• Not forgotten about
• USDA-APHIS

conducting research

– Anthraquinone based repellents – UAS as frightening devices

• Help protect against

shatter loss

• Aid in less than ideal

situations (downed sunflowers)

• G3 Sunflower

headers by Fantini

• Sunmaster by

Sheyenne Manufacturing

Better Combines

Vertical Tillage

• Can sometimes aid sunflower growers

with higher yields

– Improving drought tolerance – Less wind lodging due to inadequate root base

Roots tend to find the least resistance. Layers caused by smearing can cause horizontal root expression.

Molecular labs

• Accelerate the advancement of key

traits

• Clearfield, Express, DMR, etc
• Cuts time in half for conversions
• Developing markers for other traits
• Color on confections, oil content
• Predicting diversity and heterosis

Genetics

• Advanced Downy Mildew traits
• XXL Confections (export market)
• Clearfield Plus
• High Oleic Conoils
• Earlier hybrids without sacrificing yield
• Better phomopsis tolerance
• Higher oil and oleic contents
• RSSW genetic resistance

Sunflowers should not be treated like the runt of the litter!