Sunflower Production and Market Opportunities Lake Region Roundup - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Sunflower Production and Market Opportunities Lake Region Roundup 2019 Alison Pokrzywinski – Technical Agronomist

Market Pyramid Confections Hullers High Oleic & NuSun Birdfood

Market Changes • 1998 • 2016 – First commercial NuSun – Last year of true premiums available seen for HO – Replaced hybrids with – Growers had $1-$2 Traditional Oil premium • Shift to more HO acres • 2003 resulting in no more – 55% of acres were NuSun premium • 2007 • Over 50% of hybrids now – 85% of acres were NuSun are High Oleic – The remaining High Oleic and Traditional

Market Changes • How does this affect the grower? – No more premium for High Oleic vs NuSun – Lower oleic content requirements: 82% vs 85% – Many of the new genetics are High Oleic – Keep bins separate with NS/HO to maintain integrity of the crop

2019 Crop Insurance Changes • Add 5 days to ND final planting date for full coverage. – June 5 counties would have June 10 – June 10 counties would have June 15 – Earliest and late planting dates would remain the same • Provide insurability for Sclerotinia and dark roast quality loss in Con-oils & Hullers in 2020

Company Dynamics • Mycogen and Pioneer = Corteva – No more US breeding program • Syngenta sunflowers sold to Winfield (Croplan) • NuTech and Thunder Seed have exited the sunflower business

Fertility • Updated in recent years through research conducted in the Dakotas – Dr. Dave Franzen, NDSU – Dr. Christopher Graham, SDSU • Previously using recommendations that were over 40 years old – Fallow, conventional tillage – Disease resistance has improved – Herbicide systems in place

Fertility • New Nitrogen recommendations factor: – Price of the grain – Price of Nitrogen • Sunflower yields increase with additional N up to a point, then plateau and decrease – Yield loss from too much N • Lodging and disease • New Phosphorous recommendation – Sunflower have been unresponsive to a P application

Diseases • Phomopsis Stem Canker – Not even on the radar in 2005 – Started to take notice in 2010 – Major issue now throughout the region – Complex trait (many genes involved) • Like Sclerotinia/White Mold – No molecular markers available (yet)

Phomopsis Stem Canker • No solid solution yet – Integrated approach – Rotation, Genetics, Fungicides (R1?) • Prediction model in the future • High priority within our company

Downy Mildew • Plenaris – Seed treatment – New mode of action that works differently than other fungicides • Genetics – Working with advanced DM traits • Best defense against the disease is an integrated approach • Plenaris + Dynasty (2 modes of action) • Genetics

Rust • Updated in the past 5 years • Both oilseed and confection show a yield decrease – Confections are more susceptible • Pays to manage – 1% severity at R5 or sooner on upper 4 leaves – Triazoles, Strobularins

Herbicides – BASF • Zidua – Pyroxasulfone – Pre and post emerge – Waterhemp, cocklebur, pigweed, foxtail • Clearfield System – Imazamox • Clearfield Plus – Imazamox + MSO

Herbicides – FMC • Spartan (sulfentrazone) – Kochia, Lambsquarter, Russian Thistle • Aim (carfentrazone) • Spartan Charge (Spartan + carfentrazone) • Authority Elite (Spartan + s-metolachlor) • Authority Supreme (Spartan + pyroxasulfone) • Express (tribenuron)

Insecticides • In-furrow label – Mustang Maxx – Cutworms, wireworms • Prevathon (Rynaxypyr) – Short re-entry (4 hrs) – Safer for bees – Long-lasting (21 days) – Excellent on Banded Sunflower Moth – Weaker on Seed Weevil

Desiccation • More growers are desiccating to take advantage of an earlier harvest – Roundup, Sharpen, Valor SX (or EZ), Gramoxone – Increase yields and decrease drying costs • Late season lodging, seeds rubbing out, blackbirds, slow-down sclerotinia head rot, early drydown can minimize artificial drying costs

Blackbirds • Not forgotten about • USDA-APHIS conducting research – Anthraquinone based repellents – UAS as frightening devices

Better Combines • Help protect against • G3 Sunflower shatter loss headers by Fantini • Aid in less than ideal • Sunmaster by situations (downed Sheyenne sunflowers) Manufacturing

Vertical Tillage • Can sometimes aid sunflower growers with higher yields – Improving drought tolerance – Less wind lodging due to inadequate root base Roots tend to find the least resistance. Layers caused by smearing can cause horizontal root expression.

Molecular labs • Accelerate the advancement of key traits • Clearfield, Express, DMR, etc • Cuts time in half for conversions • Developing markers for other traits • Color on confections, oil content • Predicting diversity and heterosis

Genetics • Advanced Downy Mildew traits • XXL Confections (export market) • Clearfield Plus • High Oleic Conoils • Earlier hybrids without sacrificing yield • Better phomopsis tolerance • Higher oil and oleic contents • RSSW genetic resistance

Sunflowers should not be treated like the runt of the litter!