Study of the Head Loss Associated with a Fluid Flowing through a - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Study of the Head Loss Associated with a Fluid Flowing through a - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Jun 02, 2023 97 likes •403 views

Study of the Head Loss Associated with a Fluid Flowing through a Porous Screen Channing R.C. Santiago, REU Student Ted Chu, Graduate Mentor and K. H. Wang, Faculty Mentor Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of

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SLIDE 1

Study of the Head Loss Associated with a Fluid Flowing through a Porous Screen

Channing R.C. Santiago, REU Student Ted Chu, Graduate Mentor and

  • K. H. Wang, Faculty Mentor

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Houston Houston, Texas

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SLIDE 2

Common Applications of Screens

  • Fish Screens
  • Removal of Debris
  • Capture Solid Waste

All these screens have a common goal in terms of head loss.

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SLIDE 3

Possible Applications

  • Wave Energy Dissipation
  • Coastal Structures
  • Ship Channels
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SLIDE 4

THEORETICAL BACKGROUND

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SLIDE 5

Head Loss (ΔH)

  • energy loss

Y1 Flow Y2 θ Screen

Energy Equation

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SLIDE 6

Porosity (ø)

  • The ratio of the open area of the screen

to the total area.

Round – 60º Staggered Center

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SLIDE 7

Normal Velocity

Continuity Equation

Y1 θ Screen V1 Vn SL

Other Identities: 1) 2)

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SLIDE 8

Darcy’s Law

  • Describes a flow through a

porous medium

  • k: Intrinsic Permeability
  • ν(nu): Kinematic Viscosity

L Q A b a

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SLIDE 9

Equation Proposed by Forchheimer

  • Darcy’s law is not valid

for all flows through porous media

Darcy flow Non-Darcy flow

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SLIDE 10

Reynolds Number

  • Used to locate the point at

which the flow switches from Darcy to non-Darcy

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SLIDE 11

Experiments

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SLIDE 12

The Hydraulic Lab

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SLIDE 13

Screens

1/4” Diameter Holes 1/8” Diameter Holes

Ø = 0.4031

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SLIDE 14

Screens

3/32” Diameter Holes 1/16” Diameter Holes

Ø = 0.2267

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SLIDE 15

Screen Brace

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SLIDE 16

Profile of Flow Through Screen

90º 68º 75º 59º

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SLIDE 17

Flow Rates (Q)

1/4” and 1/8” screens (ø = 0.4031)

  • 0.10, 0.20-2.20 (cfs)

3/32” and 1/16” screens (ø = 0.2267)

  • 0.10, 0.20-1.60 (cfs)
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SLIDE 18

Results

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SLIDE 19

General Trend

  • Decreasing flow rate = decrease in ΔH
  • Decreasing angle of inclination =

decrease in ΔH

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SLIDE 20

Formulating an Equation

(ΔH is proportional to V^2/2g ?)

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SLIDE 21

Formulating an Equation

  • Next, we plot ΔH vs. V^2/2g

Angle of inclination is not considered.

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SLIDE 22

Formulating an Equation

Plot of ΔH vs. (V1sinθ)^2/2g A transition in the plot.

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SLIDE 23

Formulating an Equation

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SLIDE 24

Formulating an Equation: ø = 0.4031

1st Half

  • Function is x1/2
  • Forchheimer’s Equation

Darcy flow

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SLIDE 25

Formulating an Equation: ø = 0.4031

  • Function is linear

2nd Half

  • Forchheimer’s Equation

Non-Darcy flow

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SLIDE 26

Formulating an Equation: ø = 0.2267

  • Function is linear

1st Half Darcy flow

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SLIDE 27

Formulating an Equation: ø = 0.2267

2nd Half

???

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SLIDE 28

Critical Reynolds Number

Ø = 0.4031 Ø = 0.2267

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SLIDE 29

Conclusions

  • General Trend
  • Porosity is More of a Factor than Pore

Size

  • No Apparent Trend with Critical

Reynolds Number

  • More Testing is Needed