Strategic management tools and governance structures in urban water - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Strategic management tools and governance structures in urban water services a research proposal for Mexico Urban waters: Resource or Risk? WWW YES 2008 13-16 May 2008. Crteil France Ricardo SANDOVAL MINERO 1 Michel NAKHLA 2 (1)
Urban waters: Resource or Risk? WWW YES 2008 13-16 May 2008. Créteil – France
Ricardo SANDOVAL MINERO 1 Michel NAKHLA 2
(1) Thésard, (2) Directeur de Recherches. Centre de Gestion Scientifique Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris
WWW YES 2008 Ricardo SANDOVAL
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Stakes and challenges urban centers
Concepts, theory, tracks: urban water,
institutions, transactions, cognition, management tools and governance
Proposed methodology Expected results and discussion
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Federal Government 31 States Federal District (Mexico City) 2438 Municipalities National Water Commission
State Water Commissions Water boards / operators Basin Organizations
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> 1'000,000 inhab. 11 14.3 100,000 - 1'000,000 112 34.6 15,000 - 100,000 427 13.9 2500 - 15,000 2640 13.7 Number of cities Percentage of total population
[INEGI, 2005]
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95% coverage of
water supply and sewerage in Mexican cities in spite of growth and urbanization
Water-related
illnesses under control
Strong technical
tradition
Half of surface waters
polluted (COD)
Less than 40% of
wastewater treated; less than 25% BOD removed
Half the population
with discontinuous service
Overall efficiency
under 40%
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Ministry for Urban Development and Ecology (1982) National Water Commission (1989) + Basin Councils + Private Participation essays
Environment and Natural Resources Ministry (1988) National Waters Law (1992) Program « APAZU »
“New public management” :
Decentralization + privatization + participation
water quality ecology sustainability
General Direction for the Operation of Water Supply and Sanitation Systems (1971) – Federal Water Supply Committees Ministry for Human Settlements and Public Works (1976) Hydraulic Resources Ministry- General Direction for Water Supply and Sewerage (1948)
Urbanization and simultaneous rural outburst + political plurality (local issues)
urbanization
Centrally controlled from Mexico City
(1948 – 1983)
Decentralization to Municipalities
(1983 – 1989)
Modernization
(1989 – 2006)
irrigation
[Author’s construction inspired in Pineda-Pablos, 2002]
WWW YES 2008 Ricardo SANDOVAL
7 Environment Institutional environment (“rules of the game”)
Principal Objectives Perception Mandate
(perception made explicit)
Task
(as perceived by the agent)
Agent
Information asymmetry, non observability, non verifiability, uncertainty
contracting
monitoring incentives penalties audits dispute resolution
Institutional Arrangements
(way of applying the rules)
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AGENT State government PRINCIPAL
Municipal government Water board Water
To provide water and sanitation Manage an
By using a set
Under a set of restrictions
Performance and economic regulation
Federal government
Environmental & resource regulation Supervision and law enforcement
Citizens & users
Pay for the services
Budgetary and technical support Public health regulation
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[Author’s construction based on Baietti et al., 2006]
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[Author’s construction based on Luis-Manso et al., 2005 and Ménard, 2003]
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Nature of task: Kind of mandate Clear Confuse a Simple Complex Simple Complex Initial interaction Precise specification of mandate Vague declaration of mandate. Responsibility limitations. Definition of means. Intermediate interaction State of advancement Intuitive estimates of advancement Precise accounts and reports. Evaluation of committed means. Simplified accounts and reports. Evaluation of committed means. Final interaction Results evaluation Precise accounts and reports. Eventually, construction of results. Simplified accounts and reports. Construction of results. Numerical indicators Advancement. Results. Results. Activity
Source: adapted from Girin (1995).
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Strategic dashboards (tableaux de bord) or scorecards “Enlightened scorecard” - guide agent’s behavior in
multi-objective contexts [Jensen, 2001]
Incorporate social and environmental objectives of
sustainable development [Figge et al., 2002]
Incorporate tacit knowledge [Abernethy et al., 2005] Align strategy and operations within water utilities in
Latin America [González et al., 2006]; participation enhancement and organizational learning support
[Reis Ferreira, 2004]
The implementation of an organizational learning
device can contribute to governance improvement within organizations [Bouvier, 2004]
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[Ferreira, 2004] [González et al., 2006]
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Institutional
environment evolution since municipal reform (1983)
Analysis of three
instances showing different governance modes or institutional arrangements
Detailed analysis of the
role of cognitive and cultural costs, information and coordination in a selected case
Analytical grid –
institutional environment and arrangements evolution
Intervention research,
implementation of a management tool as a learning device
[Moisdon, 2006]
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Baja California,
Chihuahua
Public state Coahuila Public + mixed Querétaro Public state + municipal Distrito Federal Public + service
contracts
Quintana Roo Public + concession Morelos Public municipal
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An exploration of cognitive and cultural
aspects of institutional arrangements evolution and endurance in Mexican urban water sector
A detailed exploration of the potential role of
participatory strategic steering management tools
To incorporate sustainable development issues
to long term planning
To improve governance in turbulent
environments
A set of policy recommendations
A proposed governance model for medium-sized
urban population centers
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rsandova@hotmail.com ricardo.sandoval_minero@ensmp.fr
thanks merci gracias danke
shokrán todà
Scholarship holder No. 206198