Status of WSIS Goals & Action Plan Implementation: India ICT - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Status of WSIS Goals & Action Plan Implementation: India ICT - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Status of WSIS Goals & Action Plan Implementation: India ICT sector 2009 Shailendra K. Hajela India Indian Telecom Sector Early Challenges Under State monopoly, PSTN growth was very low with large waiting lists, mainly due to
SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 2
2
Indian Telecom Sector
Early Challenges
- Under State monopoly, PSTN growth was very low with large
waiting lists, mainly due to financial constraints. Major challenge was to accelerate the rate of growth in telecom sector – Teledensity < 2% – Wire line subscribers base : 14.54 million (DoT & MTNL) – Limited Value Added Services.
- Indian Economy liberalized in early 1992
- Telecom sector reform allowing private sector entry kick
started with cellular Mobile services. Gainful Impact of reforms became visible in late 90s.
- Independent Regulatory Authority established in 1997.
- Telecom Policy formulation
- Telecom Licensing
- Wireless Spectrum Management
- Universal Service Obligation
- Standardization, R & D
- Administration of :
– Indian Telegraph Act – Indian Wireless Telegraphy Act – Telecom Regulatory Authority of India Act
Government Functions
SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 4
India: Key Factors for Growth
Foundation for Development Science & Technology Culture Economic Reforms:
- Liberalization
- Transparency
- Accountability
Government Policy Initiatives Telecom Sector Restructuring
SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 5
Telecom Sector Constituents
Government / Regulator
Strong, independent and
active regulator in place
Successful implementation
- f regulatory changes
Stable foreign investment
policy Equipment Vendors
State of the art
technologies at reasonable prices. Operators
Significant investment Providing high quality
services at an affordable price Customers
Embracing new
services in large numbers
Huge & growing
market
SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 6
Reforms: Major Milestones
- 1991
Mobile services opened to private participation (Metros)
- 1994
Mobile services opened up in all Telecom Circles (States) of India
- 1997
TRAI established
- 1999
Migration to revenue share
- 2000
Formation of BSNL NLD sector opened up
SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 7
Reforms: Major Milestones
- 2002 BSNL launches nation-wide
Cellular services; ILD Sector opened up
- 2003 Calling Party Pays introduced
Unified access license introduced
- 2004 Rationalization and further
reduction of license fees Broadband policy announced
- 2005 FDI limit increased to 74%
ILD / NLD regime liberalized
SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 8
Reforms : Major Milestones
2006
- ‘One India’ uniform STD charge introduced
- ADC regime changed to revenue sharing
2007 - 2008
- Competition enhanced by allowing entry of
more Operators in mobile services
SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 9
INI TI AT IV ES O N G R O W TH
31 13 7.9 3.5 0.4 4.4 31 0.44
13.1 26.2 41 69.2 1.2 1.9 3.6 5.6 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Year Ended March Effective Charge (US Cents/ min)
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Subscribers in Million Effective Charge (US Cents/min) Subs NTP-99 3rd & 4th Cellular Operator CPP Introduced Lowering of ADC Revenue Share ADC Regime FDI Increased
Source : TRAI
SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 10
- Population
1137 Million
- Geographical area
3,287,000 Sq. Kms.
- Total Subscribers (wire-line + wireless) 429.72 Million
- % Growth during the quarter
11.68%
- Urban Subscribers
309.43 Million (72%)
- Rural Subscribers
120.29 Million (28%)
- Overall Teledensity
36.98
- Urban Teledensity
88.66
- Rural Teledensity
14.80
- Total wire-line subscribers
37.96 Million
- % Growth during quarter
0.15%
- Urban wire-line subs.
27.38 Million (72.13%)
- Rural wire-line subs.
10.58 Million (27.87%)
Indian Telecom Sector
Snapshot: March 2009
SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 11
Indian Telecom Sector Snapshot: March 2009 (contd.)
- Village Public Telephones (VPT)
5.61 Million
- Public Call Offices (PCO)
6.20 Million
- Total Wireless Subscribers
391.76 Million
- % Growth during the Quarter
12.93%
- Urban wireless subscribers
282.05 (72%)
- Rural wireless subs.
109.71 Million
- GSM/CDMA
75.88% / 24.12%
- Total Internet Sub. Including B/band
13.54 Million
- % Growth during the Quarter
5.30%
- Wireless Internet Sub
117.82 Million
- Broadband Sub.
6.22 Million
- PC Base
35 Million
- Cable TV Homes
~71 Million.
- English literate Persons
~110 Million
- Optical Fibre
~0.77 Million Cable Km (average 36 pairs)
SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 12
India Wire-line and Wireless Growth
SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 13
Mobile Services thrust in Rural Areas
- Objective: To provide Mobile Services in rural and
remote areas having no mobile coverage.
- Proposal to provide USOF assistance for shareable
and non-shareable components.
- Infrastructure to be shared amongst 3 service
providers.
SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 14
- Number of agencies are
making surveys on Broadband and Internet parameters
- Users are adopting more
and more online applications on Internet
- Recent survey suggests
that Email is the most popular of all applications followed by searching, gaming etc.
E-mail 91% General Information search 76% Educational Information search 49% Text Chart 46% Online Gaming 41% Online Jobsites 37% Music/ Video on the Internet 32% Financial Information search 21% Book Railway ticket on Internet 21% Online banking 20% Online News 13% Internet Telephony/ Video Chat/ Voice Chat 13%
Broadband and Internet Statistics
Source:IAMAI/ IMRB
SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 15
Use in Rural areas - Broadband and Internet Statistics
TRAI 2009
Source : IMRB
For rural users also according to the survey, Email is the most popular service
Informational services, web browsing like job portals, news , government services (i.e. Passport information, filing Income tax returns, etc.) are also increasingly becoming popular
4 12 17 Access government services like Passport Enquiry, IT Returns etc 9 6 36 Accessing matrimonial website or sending resume to others 16 15 41 Accessing job websites 31 31 53 Access information (general info, news etc) Informational Services 5 6 33 Making telephone calls through Internet /Voice Chat 27 35 57 Text Chat/ Instant Messenger 70 75 94 Email Communication Likely to use Usage Aware (All data in percent)
15
Source:IAMAI/ IMRB
SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 16
16
Broadband and Internet Statistics
Source : IMRB 8 5 26 Invest in shares and stocks 4 3 33 Buy online products 8 4 40 Accessing online bank accounts 7 1 30 Online Bill Payment (electricity etc) 5 2 36 Booking Airline ticket 20 13 57 Booking railway ticket E-Commerce 16 18 42 Watch Movie Clips/music /cricket highlight 20 22 52 Play Video Games Entertainment Likely to use Usage Aware (All data in percent)
E-commerce segment is also a major internet driver where user prefers
Railway ticket
booking
Airline booking Online utility bill
payment
E Banking Share trading
Video content related to online gaming, music on Internet is more demanding
Source: IAMAI/ IMRB
SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 17
Internet and Broadband Growth
3.76 4.14 5.45 6.7 8.58 10.36 12.85 0.04 0.9 2.05 3.13 5.52 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Dec. 2002 Dec. 2003 Dec. 2004 Dec. 2005 Dec. 2006 Dec. 2007 Dec. 2008
- Sub. Nos. (in Millions)
Internet and Broadband Growth
Internet Broadband
Source TRAI
SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 18
- 9 million Broadband connections by 2007 - eluded
- 20 million connections by the year 2010 – concerted
efforts needed; Affordability, speed and robust connection needed. 3G delayed.
- About 50-60% connections envisaged from Public
sector companies BSNL/MTNL
- Balance to come from private sector service providers
Broadband Policy Goals
SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 19
Focus in rural areas
- Broadband coverage for all secondary and
higher secondary schools by the year 2007
- Broadband coverage of all public health care
centers by the year 2007
- Broadband coverage for all Village
Panchayats by the year 2008
SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 20
Tele-education
- About 150,000 Higher Secondary schools in the
country
- About 70% in rural areas
- Broadband planned for all these schools on
priority
- Will be used for interactive distance learning
- Infrastructure by service providers & USOF
- Cost of CPEs and rentals to be borne by
schools
SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 21
Rural Thrust: Shared Infrastructure – Salient Points
- Subsidy for shareable and non-shareable
components from accumulated USO Fund (Rs. 20,404 Cr.)
– Shareable - land, tower, boundary wall, security cabin, electrical load, power back up – Non-shareable - outdoor BTS equipment with antennas and portion of backhaul.
- Tower height shall be 40 meters to
accommodate 3 operators
- Towers to be in areas where there is no
wireless coverage
SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 22
Rural thrust: Shared Infrastructure – Salient Points (Contd..)
- Infrastructure Providers can bid for
shareable components only
- Access Service providers can bid for
shareable and non-shareable components
- Bids to be invited district wise
- Equated annual subsidy for 5 years
SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 23
- After success of the IT software industry, the
IT strategy to make India a hub for ICT manufacturing by facilitating ICT specific SEZs
- Telecom Export Promotion Council has been
set up
- Mobile handset to be produced at about US$
20; China is aiming at less.
Manufacturing Manufacturing
SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 24
Benefits of ICTs
ICT- related innovations
- New form of
comparative advantage and international division of labor in the global economy.
- Comparative
advantages arise from production functions due to innovations. Fragmentation of production processes enabled by ICTs allows:
- utilization of core
competencies and specialization of countries and regions
- Resulting
Efficiencies in the supply chain Integration of Markets and cyberspace:
- Renders geographic
location as a basis of effective economic governance superfluous.
- Workflow program
(software) allows individuals and teams far apart to work
- n different components of
a product by working in parallel for realizing the final product (Boeing and Dell –
- ft quoted examples)
Gaining comparative advantage through effective use of ICTs is an
- pportunity that India has
grasped.
SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 25
Opportunities WSIS - Action Lines
- Cooperation and partnerships among all
stakeholders;
- Infrastructure essential foundation;
- Access to Information and knowledge;
- Capacity Building;
- Building confidence and security in the
use of ICTs
- Enabling environment
- ICT Applications for the benefit of all: E-
services;
- Cultural and linguistic diversity;
- Media;
- Ethical dimensions;
- International and regional cooperation
WSIS – Goals
- Connectivity with ICTs for villages,
universities, colleges, secondary schools and primary schools, scientific and research centres, public libraries, cultural centres, museums, post offices and archives, health centres and hospitals, community access points;
- Connect all local and central government
departments and establish websites and email addresses
- Adapt all primary and secondary school
curricula to meet the challenges of the Information Society taking into account national circumstances
- Ensure that all of the world’s population have
access to television and radio services
- Ensure that more than half the world’s
inhabitants have access to ICTs within their reach
- Encourage the development of content and
put in place technical conditions in order to facilitate use of all world languages on the Internet
India’s Position
- Enabling policy and regulatory regime,
private investment, open market competition, and wireless technologies have been the key drivers for growth of telecommunication network and services in urban areas
- IT software and ITeS continue to
dominate.
- Content in regional languages is
available.
- Government has taken lead in E-services
(SWAN project implementation with PPP).
- WSIS goals likely to be met far ahead of
- time. Telcos are planning migration to Next
Generation Networks
- Telecom demand projections to 2015: Teledensity (M) 70%, Est. Investment US$ 40
billion
- Mobile services, Broadband access, Rural communication, IT Software and IT Hardware
production to be the growth areas.
SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 26
e-Governance Infrastructure “SWAN”
- The Government of India has planned a national level
initiative- National e-Governance Plan, (NeGP) for increased transparency, efficiency and effectiveness for delivery of citizen services. Total outlay is expected to be $3.2 Billion.
- An important component of the NeGP is SWAN; which
has now been identified as an element of core infrastructure for supporting e-Governance initiatives DIT, GOI has also earmarked a significant outlay for supporting this activity. Under NeGP SWAN policy it is the State capitals will be connected with all its Districts Head Quarters (DHQ) and DHQs will further on be connected with Sub-divisional Head Quarters/Blocks (SDHQ/Block).
SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 27
e-Governance Infrastructure “SWAN”
In order to bring about transparency and efficiency in service delivery to the citizens, Government for its functions is relying on ICTs for e- Governance. e-Governance would result in – Eliminating wasteful government spending; – Improving government response time to citizens; – Reducing government bureaucratic paperwork burden on citizens and businesses; – Providing information such as rules and regulations, forms, etc.; – Fast and reliable information flow Government to Government (G2G) Government to Citizen (G2C) Citizen to Government (C2G) Government to Business (G2B)
SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 28
e-Governance Infrastructure “SWAN”
(source: TCIL) Manual Parallel Electronic Single location Multiple locations Statewide Countrywide Over-the-counter Functions Services Departments Information Communication Transaction Integrated
SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 29
Progress of SWAN
(Source: DIT)
SKH/ESCAP/EG-Mtg. 2009 30