Status of NOvA NuMI Off-axis e Appearance Luke A. Corwin Indiana - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Status of NOvA NuMI Off-axis e Appearance Luke A. Corwin Indiana - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Status of NOvA NuMI Off-axis e Appearance Luke A. Corwin Indiana University Advances in Neutrino Technology Philadelphia, PA - 2011 Oct. 10 2 Status of NOvA - Advances in Technology - L. Corwin Oct. 10, 2011 Outline Brief The

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SLIDE 1

Luke A. Corwin Indiana University Advances in Neutrino Technology Philadelphia, PA - 2011 Oct. 10

Status of NOvA

NuMI Off-axis νe Appearance

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SLIDE 2

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

2

From Fermilab Visual Media Services: http://www- visualmedia.fnal.gov/, Image No. 11-0203-06D

The Collaboration 24 Institutions 110 Physicists and growing

ANL, Athens, Caltech, Institute of Physics of the Czech Republic, Charles University, Czech Technical University, FNAL, Harvard, Indiana, Iowa State, Lebedev, Michigan State, Minnesota/Duluth, Minnesota/Twin Cities, INR Moscow, South Carolina, SMU, Stanford, Tennessee, Texas/Austin, Tufts, Virginia, WSU, William and Mary

  • Brief

Experimental Overview

  • Scintillator
  • PVC

Extrusions

  • Avalanche

Photodiodes (APDs)

  • Schedule

Outline

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SLIDE 3

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

NOvA Experiment Overview

3 Future Near Detector location (underground) Prototype Near Detector on the Surface (NDOS) 810 km M i n n e s

  • t

a W i s c

  • n

s i n Far Detector Building Complete Beneficial Occupancy April 2011

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SLIDE 4

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011
  • Observe νe

Appearance

  • Measure θ13
  • Determine

Mass Hierarchy

  • Measure δCP
  • Need high

resolution (low density) and high mass

4 νμ Charged Current

νx νx Z0 q q

N

X + hadrons

Neutral Current νe e−

W + d u

N

X + hadrons

νe Charged Current

Physics Goals

∆m2

32

∆m

2 3 2

∆m2

21

∆m2

21

∆m2

ij ≡ ∆m2 i − ∆m2 j

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SLIDE 5

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

Detector Elements

  • PVC Cells are

filled with liquid scintillator and grouped into alternating planes

5

http://www-visualmedia.fnal.gov/ VMS_Site/gallery/stillphotos/ 2010/0100/10-0127-02D.jpg

4.1 cm 6.6 cm

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SLIDE 6

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

Near Detector

6

http://www-nova.fnal.gov/plots_and_figures/

  • 220 tons
  • Will be placed in

a new cavern attached to the current MINOS cavern

  • Characterize

beam before

  • scillations

14.3 m 2 . 9 m 4 . 1 m

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SLIDE 7

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

Far Detector Building

7

15.7 m Block Pivoter

67m

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SLIDE 8

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

Near Detector On the Surface (NDOS)

  • Prototype built to the
  • riginal design of the near

detector

  • Instrumented, operational

and taking data for 1 year

  • Results
  • Taught us many lessons
  • Several design and

procedure change

  • No broken fibers

8

From Fermilab Visual Media Services: http://www- visualmedia.fnal.gov/, Image No. 11-0124-13D

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SLIDE 9

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

Mixing The Scintillator (3×106 gallons)

9 Have enough of everything except mineral

  • il and

pseudocumene for far detector Hired private contractor (Renkert Oil) to deliver mineral

  • il and mix

ingredients

Our 600k gallon

  • il storage tank

is ~1/2 full Pseudocumene (4.98%) Delivered from China in ISO tanks Mineral Oil (94.91%) Wave Shifting Powders PPO (0.110%) bis-MSB (0.00153%) Wave Shifting Powders

Stadis-425 (0.0010%)

6000 gallon stainless steel fluor blend tank Two 120,000 gallon epoxy lined fluor blend tanks Tankers to FD

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SLIDE 10

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

Scintillator Quality Control

  • Light Yield
  • Use radioactive sources

to verify sufficient scintillator light

  • Clarity tested using a

commercial tintometer

  • UV spectrophotometer
  • Verify correct chemical

composition.

  • Done at Indiana Univ.

Chemistry Dept.

10

Lovibond PFX880/L Tintometer Light Yield Test

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SLIDE 11

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

Module Assembly

  • Many pieces must

be brought together to form an active detector module

  • Cell interiors must

be very reflective so scintillation light is not lost.

11

Manifold Cover Snout (back) Optical Connector S n

  • u

t ( f r

  • n

t ) Bottom Raceway Top Raceway Fiber Cover Manifold Side Seal, Right Manifold Side Seal, Left Two 16-cell Extrusions End seal End plate side seals End plate center seal

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SLIDE 12

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

Manifold Issues

  • Manifolds have developed

cracks (22%)

  • Splinted the NDOS

manifolds

  • Redesigned manifolds to

remove stress points for near and far detectors

12 Crack Splints

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SLIDE 13

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

PVC Extrusions

  • PVC extruded through die to form 15m extrusions
  • ~24,000 required for Far Detector.
  • Currently have ~2300 useable extrusions in hand.

13 Extrusions made at Extrutech Plastics of Manitowoc,WI

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SLIDE 14

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

PVC Reflectivity Issues

  • We require predicted light yield to the APD to be

≤14.6% of a perfect reflector.

  • Achieved using anatase TiO2 in PVC
  • Low reflectivity in some batches correlated with

high fraction of rutile TiO2

  • Requested <2% rutile contamination, and so far that

is what we have received.

14

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SLIDE 15

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

PVC knitting issues

  • PVC knitted is less than ideal
  • Ongoing iterations with manufacturer greatly

improving results

  • No voids found in extrusions, so they are still useable

15 Extrusion samples are often cracked in QC testing, revealing smooth regions in the cross-section, such as the central region in this example, that are not ideally knitted.

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SLIDE 16

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

16

Scintillation light travels along wavelength shifting fibers to end of manifold Light detected in by avalanche photodiodes (APDs) that are sealed, cooled (to -15 °C) and mated to the detector data acquisition system.

Light Chain

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SLIDE 17

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

APD Performace

  • Quantum Efficiency
  • f 85%
  • Gain of 100
  • Low Dark Current
  • NDOS has taught us

much about installing them.

17

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SLIDE 18

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

APD Noise Issues

  • We have received a total of

~420 APDs for the NDOS

  • ~150 of them are still working
  • Causes
  • Dirt and oil
  • Corrosion
  • Contact with fibers
  • Poor seals: condensation or

ice when cooled

  • Installation Errors
  • Rearranging surviving APDs

18

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SLIDE 19

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

APD Potential Solutions

  • “Cable-ectomy”
  • Remove cable from noisiest pixel
  • Sometimes successful in reducing noise on neighboring

pixels

  • Attempting to clean/repair some non-functioning APDs
  • Coated APDs
  • Did not order APDs with coating because the standard

coatings produced optical cross-talk

  • In discussions with manufacturer to produce APDs with

protective coatings that will avoid cross-talk

  • Testing coatings (silicone and parylene) NDOS APDs

19

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SLIDE 20

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

First Neutrino Data!

20

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SLIDE 21

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

First Neutrino Data!

20

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SLIDE 22

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

Finding the Beams

21

http://www-nova.fnal.gov/plots_and_figures/

NuMI Booster Booster

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SLIDE 23

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

Schedule

  • Tevatron shutdown
  • n Sep. 30, 2011
  • First large scale fluor

blend later this month

  • Ready to begin FD

construction Jan. 2012

  • Accelerator shutdown begins Mar. 2012
  • ND cavern excavation during accelerator shutdown
  • NOvA beam turns on Feb. 2013
  • FD finished in early 2014

22

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SLIDE 24

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

Backup

23

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SLIDE 25

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

Far Detector

24

  • 14,000 - 18,000 tons
  • Will detected oscillated beam
  • Largest object ever built of plastic

67m 1 5 . 7 m 15.7 m

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SLIDE 26

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

Quality Control

  • Light Yield
  • Use radioactive

sources to verify sufficient scintillator light

  • Chemistry
  • Verify correct

chemical composition.

25

  • Clarity (15 m long far

detector cells)

  • Use a “tintometer”
  • Maintaining cleanliness

critical at every stage!

This is what we found when we looked inside of

  • ne of the fluor blending

totes for the NDOS. The green substance was not identified (my guess was Mountain Dew). It was thoroughly cleaned by the blending company before any scintillator components were added.

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SLIDE 27

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

Neutrino Interactions

  • Like the

wind, you can’t see neutrinos, but you can see their effects.

  • Simulated

events at right

26 νμ Charged Current

νx νx Z0 q q

N

X + hadrons

Neutral Current

νµ µ− W +

N

X + hadrons

νe e− W +

d u

N

X + hadrons

νe Charged Current

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SLIDE 28

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

Off-axis

27

Messier, INFO 2011

  • Baseline (L) and E

selected to maximize

  • scillations
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SLIDE 29

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

Filling

  • NDOS is filled with

high-quality scintillator

  • Pumping and piping

systems being developed for Far Detector

  • 6 tankers per week to

Far Detector planned

  • ~3,000,000 gallons

28

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SLIDE 30

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

The NuMI Beam

  • Small Cross section ⇒ we need large number of

neutrinos ⇒ we need an intense beam

29 Magnetic Field of Horns can be reversed to produce antineutrino beam

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SLIDE 31

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

30

94.91% food grade mineral oil 4.98% pseudocumene (scintillant) 0.110% parts PPO (powder, wave shifter) 0.00153% bis-MSB (powder, wave shifter) 0.0010% Stadis-425 (anti-static) 0.0010% Vitamin E (antioxidant)

  • 1. Mix PPO, bis-MSB, Stadis-425, and Vitamin E into

pseudocumene to produce fluor blend.

  • 2. Mix fluor blend into mineral oil to produce NOvA

liquid scintillator Liquid Scintillator

Our Scintillator Recipe

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SLIDE 32

Status of NOvA - Advances in ν Technology - L. Corwin

  • Oct. 10, 2011

Preserving and Redistributing APDs

  • Running remaining APDs without cooling to

preserve them

  • Have begun be rearranging surviving APDs on the

NDOS to collect highest quality data possible.

31

Fiducial Region Muon Tracking Muon Catcher