Specs Similar style to midterm Final Review Mostly short answer I - PDF document

Specs ❒ Similar style to midterm Final Review ❒ Mostly short answer ❒ I like compare/contrast questions ❒ I like “can you think about this idea in a different way” questions Last Modified: ❒ Goal: do you understand fundamental trade- 12/8/2002 11:48:49 AM offs/issues and basics of how realized in real systems ❒ Warning: These slides are not an exhaustive list of the topics covered simply a guide to major topics and priorities. -1 -2 First Half Second Half ❒ Lectures 10/8 on ❒ Lectures through 10/3 ❒ Book chapters 9-12, 14.1- 14.3, 15-18 ❒ Book through chapter 8 (not chapter 3) ❒ Topics ❒ Topics ❍ OS History ❍ Storage Systems ❍ Hardware Support for OS ❍ File Systems ❍ Processes ❍ Memory Management ❍ Threads ❍ Virtual Memory ❍ CPU Scheduling ❍ Networking ❍ Synchronization ❍ Protection and Security • Object, Classic Problems ❍ Distributed Systems ❍ Deadlock ❍ Distributed Coordination ❍ Transactions -3 -4 Storage Systems File System Basics ❒ Memory Hierarchy ❒ Files, Directories, Superblocks, Inodes, Bitmaps, Hard/Soft Links, Mount Points ❍ Volatile vs Non-volatile storage ❍ Primary, Secondary, Tertiary ❒ Path Name Translation ❒ Disk Basics ❒ File Buffer Cache ❍ Physical Geometry, Addressing, Format, ❒ File Layout Performance ❍ Contiguous Allocation, Blocks, Extents ❒ Disk Scheduling ❒ FFS vs LFS ❒ Technology Trends ❍ Cylinder groups, cleaning, inode map ❒ Update in place, journalling/logging -5 -6

Memory Management Memory Management (con’t) ❒ Virtual Memory ❒ Working Set ❍ Protection, Illusion of Full Address Space ❒ Demand Paging ❒ HW Support for VM ❒ Thrashing ❍ Fixed vs Variable Partitions, Paging, ❒ Page Replacement Algorithms Segmentation ❒ Fairness in Page Replacement ❍ Page Table Entries, TLB ❍ What happens on context switch -7 -8 Networking Protection ❒ Protocols, Protocol Encapsulation ❒ Policy vs Mechanism ❒ Layered Architectures (App, Transport, ❒ Protection Domains Network, Link Layers) ❒ Access Matrix ❒ Domain Name System (DNS) ❒ Access Lists vs Capabilities ❒ Multiplexing and Demultiplexing ❒ Protection vs Security ❒ TCP features ❍ Reliable, In-Order, Congestion and Flow control ❒ IP Addressing (Classless vs Classful) ❒ Static (Hierarchical) vs Dynamic Routing -9 -10 Distributed Systems Distributed Coordinatino ❒ Loosely vs Tightly Coupled ❒ Event Ordering and Happens Before ❒ Process Migration ❒ Distributed Mutual Exclusion: Centralized, Fully Distributed, Token Passing ❒ Decomposing process into a collection of parallel processes ❒ Two Phase Commit ❒ Problems of DS (Failure Detection, ❒ Deadlock Handling Reconfiguration, Security) ❍ Bankers Algorithm on Single Coordinator ❍ Why manual detection/recovery harder ❍ Why automatic detection requires global knowledge -11 -12

Distributed Coordination (con’t) Distributed File Systems ❒ Election Algorithms (ring and bully) ❒ Freebie ☺ ❒ Byzantine Generals Problem ❍ How that maps onto DS ❍ Not proving solution works! -13 -14 Logistics ❒ Friday December 13, 9-11:30 AM ❒ Olin 155 -15