Social Media and Stress Social Psychology Amanda Bothun, Tricia - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Social Media and Stress

Social Psychology

Amanda Bothun, Tricia Hansen, Maddi Russ, and Dallas Glomstad Foster

Goal for the Project

• Investigation

○

Effects of social media on self esteem, self perception, and how you view others

• Why?

○ Social media and stress and the impact it has on our society ○ To see if there was an effect on screen time and the variables ○ Social media is taking over how society works as a whole

Research: Social media and its relationship with Mood, Self-esteem, and paranoia in Psychosis

(Berry, Emsley, Lobban & Bucci, 2018)

• Researcher have now begun to explore whether social media behaviours

contribute to psychological outcomes.

○ The study had 44 participants. ○ They used paper-based questionnaires. ○ The study measured self-esteem by using the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, which consisted of 10 statements on a 4 point scale. (1=Strongly agree; 4= Strongly disagree) ○ They used Independent t-test to measure self-esteem, paranoid and perceived social ranks between groups. ○ Social media predicted reduction in positive attitudes and elevations in Negative attitudes.

Research: #Sleepyteens: Social media use in adolescence is associated with poor sleep

quality, anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem (Woods & Scott, 2016)

• 467 participants

○ Scottish ○ 11-17 years of age ○ Had to complete a questionnaire

• Tried to measure poor sleep quality, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, and

emotional investment in social media.

• Correlation
• Poor sleep quality was associated with lower self-esteem.
• Increased anxiety and depression were observed.

○ Sleep is linked to both of these.

• Emotional investment and night time investment predicted poor sleep quality.

Our 3 Questions

• Does using social media change/alter people’s self-perception?
• Does social media usage cause stress?
• Does social usage change how we perceive other people?
• Our Hypothesis:

○ We predicted that there would be negative correlation for all 3 questions. People will be more stressed and think less of themselves/others the more screen time they have.

Method: Participants

• 60 participants

○ 23 males ○ 37 females

• College

○ Attending: 25 participants ○ Not Attending: 35 participants

• Age groups

○ 18-28: 36 participants ○ 29-70: 24 participants

• Recruitment:

○ Asked friends and family in person and over the phone

Methods: Materials

• Survey:

○ Demographic Questions (4) ■ Age, Student Status, and Gender ○ Questions were on a Likert Type Scale (8) ■ Self Perception, Stress, and Perception of Others. ○ One Free Response (1) ■ Amount of Screen Time

Methods: Procedure

• Had to fill out hard copy of survey.
• Group were no assigned until we got the data.

○ Groups were the different age groups ■ 18-28 (Group 1) and 29-70 (Group 2)

• There was no time limitation

Result: Self Perception

• Question: Does using social media change/alter people's self-perception?
• Type of Test: Correlation
• Questions that Pertained to the research Question: Q2, Q4, Q8, and Q9
• Questions on Survey P-Value

○ Questions that were Significant: Q4 and Q8 ■ Q2 r(60)=-.143 p=.277 ■ Q4 r(60)= -.344 p=.007 ■ Q8 r(60)= -.331 p=.010 ■ Q9 r(60)=-.169 p=.197

Results: Stress

• Question: Does social media usage cause stress?
• Type of Test: Correlation
• Questions that Pertained to the research Question: Q5, Q6, and Q7
• Questions on Survey P-Value

○ Question that was Significant: Q6 ■ Q5 r(60)= -.135 p=.305 ■ Q6 r(60)= -.287 p=.026 ■ Q7 r(60)= -.033 p=.803

Results: Perception of Others

• Question: Does social media usage change how we perceive other people?
• Type of Test: Correlation
• Questions that Pertained to the research Question: Q3, Q8, and Q9
• Questions on Survey P-Value

○ Questions that were Significant: Q3 and Q8 ■ Q3 r(60)=-.267 p=.040 ■ Q8 r(60)=-.331 p=.010 ■ Q9 r(60)= -.169 p=.197

Discussion:

• Hypothesis results:

○ The hypothesis turned out to be correct. ■ Negative Correlation between stress, self-perception, and perception of others

• What our results showed:

○ Today’s society revolves around their phones. The more people look at others over social media the more they tend to compare themselves to others.

• Limitations:

○ Time Frame ○ We looked at a population above 18+ ○ People might not know the exact amount of time on social media

• Our suggestions:

○ Online questionnaire (so it’s anonymous) ○ Larger Population with more diversity ○ Equal amount of items for each question