Smoke-free Lift Shafts by Pressurisation and its Importance in Case - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Smoke free lift shafts MISTRAL Smoke-free Lift Shafts by Pressurisation and its Importance in Case of Evacuation Prof. Dr. H.A. Ermer Risk & Fire Management Brussels October 4, 2006

Smoke free lift shafts MISTRAL Since the fire at the Düsseldorf International Airport in 1996 with seven people killed in lifts by smoke inhalation this devastating accident got much attention in the technical community. The result was that lift shafts epecially at airports got Pressurized (Germany)

Smoke free lift shafts MISTRAL All vertical connections in buildings are very critical in case of fire. In case of fire in an accomo- dation smoke will distribute without barriers into stairs and liftshafts and from there in corridors of the upper floors. In almost every fire in a building the occupants are trapped by smoke on their way into the outside building

Smoke free lift shafts MISTRAL Home for the Elderly, Jacksonville, FL 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 Roosevelt Hotel F ire 3 J acksonville, FL Floor 29. Dezember 1963 2 1 Deads 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Smoke free lift shafts MISTRAL Fire in MGM Hotel, Las Vegas, N.V. 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 MGM Grand Hotel Fire 14 Las Vegas, NV 13 Floor 12 21. November 1980 11 Etagen 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 Hinweis: Die Etagen sind durchgehend numeriert. 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Deads

Smoke free lift shafts MISTRAL The killer no. 1 is the toxic smoke not fire m / kg 3 Rauch/T emperatur 2500 flash voll entwicke lter Brandentstehu ng 2000 over Bran d 1500 1000 Rauch 500 Temperatur 0 5 10 15 20 Zeit / min PVC Sperrholz Papier Schaumstoff Schaumgummi

Smoke free lift shafts MISTRAL Recommended application for pressurized lift shafts in buildings 1. Fire fighter´s lifts 2. Lifts for the disabled Precondition: circuit integrity

Smoke free lift shafts MISTRAL Firefighters physical stress climbing up the staircase of a high rise building Height m

Smoke free lift shafts MISTRAL • The stress of wearing oxygen masks in climbing up the stairs is exhausting. An immidiate fire attack is not possible and justifiable • Every firefighter reaches his physical capability depending on his individual fitness and age • Firefighter lifts are absolutely necessary in high rising buildings (>22 m) • Alone the presence of a firefighter lift gurantees that the fire floor is reached in a reasonable time and the attack can be started immediately with physical fit firefighters Ross, R. and Mitschker, J., Belastungen beim Aufstieg in einem Hochhaus durch den Treppenraum, in: Brandschutz, Deutsche Feuerwehrzeitung, 2/2005, S. 83 - 87

Smoke free lift shafts MISTRAL The functioning of pressurizing a lift shaft, lobby and staircase Aufzugsschacht Vorraum Treppenraum

Smoke free lift shafts MISTRAL Detail on EN 12101 - 6

Smoke free lift shafts MISTRAL Leakages of a sliding door

Smoke free lift shafts MISTRAL Measured leakages at a sliding door Gemessene Leckagen einer zweiseitigen Schachtschiebetür Größe: 1,1x2,01 m 5000 Volumenstrom durch die Tür [m³/h] 2000 1000 500 300 100 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 100 Differenzdruck an der Tür [Pa]

Smoke free lift shafts MISTRAL Pressurisation and flow noises at sliding doors

Smoke free lift shafts MISTRAL Pressurisation and piston effect

Smoke free lift shafts MISTRAL How the system works 3 The smoke control system is activated on smoke detection 2 1. The smoke control system is activated by smoke detection 1 2. MISTRAL high performance ventilator is starting either on bottom or on top 3. Smoke release vents in the machine room become closed 6 4 5 4. Pressure is build up in the lift shaft 5. Pressure ist evenly distributed by leakeges through lift door into lobbies 8 6. and through presssusre release vents into the accomodation 7. Because off overpressure the smoke is banned to the burning area and smoke is retained from the rescue path 7 8. Intelligent smoke detection system prevents the stop of the car on the fire floor 9. Circuit integrity is necessary for transportin handicapped or injured people 9

MISTRAL Smoke free lift shafts

Smoke free lift shafts MISTRAL The importance of pressurized lift shafts in high rising buildings in case if fire

Smoke free lift shafts MISTRAL Evacuation and pressurisation systems in case of fire are found in the following buildings

Smoke free lift shafts MISTRAL Deutsche Bank, Frankfurt Hight: 158 m 40 floors 2 Towers 2.500 persons Time for evacuation: 18 minutes (Data: Firefighter´s Department Frankfurt) www.thehighrisepages.de

Smoke free lift shafts MISTRAL Commerzbank, Frankfurt Hight: 258 m 54 floors 2.200 persons Time for evacuation: 25 minutes ( Data: Firefighter´s Department Frankfurt ) www.thehighrisepages.de

Smoke free lift shafts MISTRAL Messeturm, Frankfurt Hight: 256 m 64 floors 800 persons Time for evacuation : 29 minutes ( Data: Firefighter´s Department Frankfurt) www.thehighrisepages.de

Smoke free lift shafts MISTRAL Presentation of film „Smoke free lift shafts by Pressurisation“

MISTRAL Smoke free lift shafts

Smoke free lift shafts MISTRAL Floor plan

MISTRAL Smoke free lift shafts

Smoke free lift shafts MISTRAL Danke für Ihre Aufmerksamkeit Thank you for your kind attention Merci pour votre attention Molto grazia per la loro attenzione