Smoke-free Lift Shafts by Pressurisation and its Importance in Case - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

▶

Sep 19, 2023 108 likes •391 views

Smoke free lift shafts MISTRAL Smoke-free Lift Shafts by Pressurisation and its Importance in Case of Evacuation Prof. Dr. H.A. Ermer Risk & Fire Management Brussels October 4, 2006 Smoke free lift shafts MISTRAL Since the fire at

SLIDE 1

MISTRAL

Smoke free lift shafts

Smoke-free Lift Shafts by Pressurisation and its Importance in Case of Evacuation

Prof. Dr. H.A. Ermer

Risk & Fire Management Brussels October 4, 2006

SLIDE 2

MISTRAL

Since the fire at the Düsseldorf International Airport in 1996 with seven people killed in lifts by smoke inhalation this devastating accident got much attention in the technical community. The result was that lift shafts epecially at airports got Pressurized (Germany)

Smoke free lift shafts

SLIDE 3

MISTRAL

All vertical connections in buildings are very critical in case of fire. In case of fire in an accomo- dation smoke will distribute without barriers into stairs and liftshafts and from there in corridors of the upper

floors. In almost every fire in

a building the occupants are trapped by smoke on their way into the outside building

Smoke free lift shafts

SLIDE 4

MISTRAL

Home for the Elderly, Jacksonville, FL

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Roosevelt Hotel F ire J acksonville, FL 29. Dezember 1963 Deads Floor

Smoke free lift shafts

SLIDE 5

MISTRAL

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

MGM Grand Hotel Fire Las Vegas, NV

21. November 1980

Deads

Etagen

Hinweis: Die Etagen sind durchgehend numeriert.

Floor

Fire in MGM Hotel, Las Vegas, N.V.

Smoke free lift shafts

SLIDE 6

MISTRAL

Rauch/T emperatur Zeit / min Rauch Temperatur voll entwicke lter Bran d flash

Brandentstehu ng 5 10 15 20

m / kg

2500 2000 1500 1000 500 PVC Sperrholz Papier Schaumstoff Schaumgummi

The killer no. 1 is the toxic smoke not fire

Smoke free lift shafts

SLIDE 7

MISTRAL

Recommended application for pressurized lift shafts in buildings

1. Fire fighter´s lifts
2. Lifts for the disabled

Precondition: circuit integrity

Smoke free lift shafts

SLIDE 8

MISTRAL

Firefighters physical stress climbing up the staircase of a high rise building

Height m Smoke free lift shafts

SLIDE 9

MISTRAL

The stress of wearing oxygen masks in climbing up the stairs is
exhausting. An immidiate fire attack is not possible and justifiable
Every firefighter reaches his physical capability depending on

his individual fitness and age

Firefighter lifts are absolutely necessary in high rising buildings

(>22 m)

Alone the presence of a firefighter lift gurantees that the fire floor

is reached in a reasonable time and the attack can be started immediately with physical fit firefighters Ross, R. and Mitschker, J., Belastungen beim Aufstieg in einem Hochhaus durch den Treppenraum, in: Brandschutz, Deutsche Feuerwehrzeitung, 2/2005, S. 83 - 87

Smoke free lift shafts

SLIDE 10

MISTRAL

Aufzugsschacht Vorraum Treppenraum

The functioning of pressurizing a lift shaft, lobby and staircase

Smoke free lift shafts

SLIDE 11

MISTRAL

Detail on EN 12101 - 6

Smoke free lift shafts

SLIDE 12

MISTRAL

Leakages of a sliding door

Smoke free lift shafts

SLIDE 13

MISTRAL

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 100 Differenzdruck an der Tür [Pa]

100 300 500 1000 2000 5000

Volumenstrom durch die Tür [m³/h] Gemessene Leckagen einer zweiseitigen Schachtschiebetür Größe: 1,1x2,01 m

Measured leakages at a sliding door

Smoke free lift shafts

SLIDE 14

MISTRAL

Pressurisation and flow noises at sliding doors

Smoke free lift shafts

SLIDE 15

MISTRAL

Pressurisation and piston effect

Smoke free lift shafts

SLIDE 16

MISTRAL

2 3 4 5 7 8 1 6 9

3. Smoke release vents in the machine room become closed
2. MISTRAL high performance ventilator is starting either on bottom or on top
5. Pressure ist evenly distributed by leakeges through lift door into lobbies

How the system works

The smoke control system is activated on smoke detection

1. The smoke control system is activated by smoke detection
4. Pressure is build up in the lift shaft
6. and through presssusre release vents into the accomodation
7. Because off overpressure the smoke is banned to the burning

area and smoke is retained from the rescue path

8. Intelligent smoke detection system prevents the stop of the car on the

fire floor

9. Circuit integrity is necessary for transportin handicapped or injured people

Smoke free lift shafts

SLIDE 17

MISTRAL

Smoke free lift shafts

SLIDE 18

MISTRAL

The importance of pressurized lift shafts in high rising buildings in case if fire

Smoke free lift shafts

SLIDE 19

MISTRAL

Evacuation and pressurisation systems in case of fire are found in the following buildings

Smoke free lift shafts

SLIDE 20

MISTRAL

Deutsche Bank, Frankfurt Hight: 158 m 40 floors 2 Towers 2.500 persons

Time for evacuation: 18 minutes

(Data: Firefighter´s Department Frankfurt)

www.thehighrisepages.de Smoke free lift shafts

SLIDE 21

MISTRAL

www.thehighrisepages.de

Commerzbank, Frankfurt Hight: 258 m 54 floors 2.200 persons

Time for evacuation: 25 minutes

(Data: Firefighter´s Department Frankfurt)

Smoke free lift shafts

SLIDE 22

MISTRAL

www.thehighrisepages.de

Messeturm, Frankfurt Hight: 256 m 64 floors 800 persons

Time for evacuation : 29 minutes

(Data: Firefighter´s Department Frankfurt)

Smoke free lift shafts

SLIDE 23

MISTRAL

Presentation of film „Smoke free lift shafts by Pressurisation“

Smoke free lift shafts

SLIDE 24

MISTRAL

Smoke free lift shafts

SLIDE 25

MISTRAL

Floor plan

Smoke free lift shafts

SLIDE 26

MISTRAL

Smoke free lift shafts

SLIDE 27

MISTRAL

Danke für Ihre Aufmerksamkeit Thank you for your kind attention Merci pour votre attention Molto grazia per la loro attenzione

Smoke free lift shafts