SIMULATION OF KAMENNA-EXPERIMENTS WITH THE DECISION SUPPORT MODEL - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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SIMULATION OF KAMENNA-EXPERIMENTS WITH THE DECISION SUPPORT MODEL - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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SIMULATION OF KAMENNA-EXPERIMENTS WITH THE DECISION SUPPORT MODEL LASAIR IAEA, EMRAS II Working Group 9 Urban Areas Vienna, 25.-29.01.2010 Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection Ingolstdter Landstrasse 1 D -

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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

SIMULATION OF “KAMENNA-EXPERIMENTS” WITH THE DECISION SUPPORT MODEL LASAIR

IAEA, EMRAS II Working Group 9 „Urban Areas“ Vienna, 25.-29.01.2010

Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1 D - 85764 Oberschleissheim

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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

LASAIR

Programme for the Lagrange-Simulation

  • f the dispersion (German: Ausbreitung)

and Inhalation of Radionuclides

Lagrange := meteorological mathematical procedure

Acronym LASAIR

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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

LASAIR background: Effects after a „dirty-bomb“ explosion

public scene dirty bomb

„Dirty Bomb“

radiation exposure

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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

LASAIR background: “dirty bomb”

  • IED

Improvised Explosive Device

  • RDD

Radiological Dispersal Device

  • RED

Radiological Exposure Device

  • IND

Improvised Nuclear Device

explosives radioactive material

LASAIR

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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

Example of a “dirty bomb”

radioactive material explosives

not real; illustrating example picture: Thielen, GRS

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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

German Federal Central Support Group for Serious Radiological and Terroristic Events „CSG“

Federal Office for Radiation Protection Federal Criminal Police Office Federal Police

Further information is confidential

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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

LASAIR Task and Aim

Task use of an expert systeme programme for scientific support in a „dirty bomb“ scenario Aim easy and rapid simulation of atmospheric dispersion of radioactive substances with diagnostic windfield-model Lagrangian-Particle-Model and the computation of the radiation exposure

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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

LASAIR input

LASAIR

Meteorology

  • wind speed
  • wind direction
  • stability class

Release to the atmosphere

  • short term release
  • r
  • continuous release

Topography

  • individual roughness length
  • 2 dimensional simulation
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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

LASAIR output

Radionuclides

  • max. 5 radionuclides
  • activity in base layer
  • deposition to the surface
  • cloud arrival time
  • Exposition
  • inhalation
  • groundshine
  • cloudshine

LASAIR

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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

  • Lagrange particle model with 60.000 particles
  • individual characterisation of the roughness length
  • 2-dimensional flow model (no orographic structure)
  • 5 radionuclides can be computed simultaneously
  • user can choose out of approx. 860 radionuclides
  • very quick response time (1 – 8 minutes)

LASAIR features

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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

  • parameterisation of the individual cloud

as initial volumina (LASAIR source term)

LASAIR special feature

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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

Initial cloud volumina, explosive experiments 2007

100 kg explosives (PETN) Initial volumina for LASAIR

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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

Initial cloud volumina Parametrisation after experiments

Quelle: Thielen, GRS

weight of explosive (kg)

source: Thielen, GRS

height (m) height (HOTSPOT) diameter (HOTSPOT) height (experiments) diameter (experiments)

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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

Comparison of explosives for LASAIR

LASAIR Kamenna PETN PERMON VESUVIT TNT

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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

Comparison of explosives for LASAIR

300 75 400 530 cm3 Trauzl lead block test 1600 900 1050 1773 kg/m3 Density 2550 2250 2749 3930 °C Temperature of explosion 6900 500 4000 8400 m/s Velocity of detonation 740 280 928 780 dm3/kg Volume of explosion products 3725 3050 4079 6300 kJ/kg Explosion heat TNT VESUVIT PERMON PETN

LASAIR Kamenna

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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

Comparison of explosives for LASAIR

0,76 0,25 : 0,97 1

0,57 0,14 0,75 1 cm3 Trauzl lead block test 0,90 0,51 0,59 1 kg/m3 Density 0,65 0,57 0,70 1 °C Temperature of explosion 0,82 0,06 0,48 1 m/s Velocity of detonation 0,95 0,36 1,19 1 dm3/kg Volume of explosion products 0,59 0,48 0,65 1 kJ/kg Explosion heat to TNT to VESUVIT to PERMON PETN Relationship

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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

LASAIR grid compared to „Kamenna-Experiments“

Kamenna grid size LASAIR grid size inner grid 25 m 5 m

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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

LASAIR results for „Kamenna-Experiments“

Application of LASAIR in this study not so much helpfull Comparison of field and model data

  • nly for deposition

(by averaging the field data)

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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

LASAIR preparation for „Kamenna-Experiments“

site (birds eye) [Google Earth] dimension in meters

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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

LASAIR preparation for „Kamenna-Experiments“

roughness length 2 areas z0 = 0,1 m

(center and far vicinity)

z0 = 1,0 m

(treas in close vicinity)

release position 49,626796° N 13,994526° E (explosion)

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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

LASAIR results Test 01, model Deposition (Bq/m²)

site (birds eye) [Google Earth]

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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

LASAIR results Test 01, model Deposition (Bq/m²)

0,00E+00 0,00E+00 0,00E+00 0,00E+00 0,00E+00 0,00E+00 0,00E+00 0,00E+00 0,00E+00 0,00E+00 0,00E+00 0,00E+00 0,00E+00 0,00E+00 0,00E+00

  • 75

0,00E+00 2,09E-02 7,12E-02 1,40E-01 1,45E-01

  • 50

6,39E-02 1,11E+00 4,55E+00 5,64E+00 2,31E+00

  • 25

5,80E-01 1,56E+01 1,80E+02 1,71E+02 5,93E+00 1,97E+01 2,14E+02 3,86E+02 1,95E+02 4,85E+00

25

1,79E+02 3,97E+02 2,69E+02 3,05E+01 1,21E+00

50

3,26E+02 2,75E+02 6,45E+01 1,49E+00 1,55E-01

75

2,50E+02 9,15E+01 7,16E+00 4,14E-01 3,03E-02

100

1,07E+02 1,70E+01 1,28E+00 1,19E-01 1,29E-02

125 75 50 25

  • 25

150

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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

Results Test 01, experiment, average Deposition (Bq/m²)

Bq/m2 1,46E+05 Maximum Bq/m2 7,41E+06 Maximum Bq/m2 4,96E+01 MW/area: Bq/m2 6,46E+02 MW/area: Bq/m2 2,97E+04 MW: Bq/m2 3,88E+05 MW:

area 2 area 1

  • 5m …

..20m 20m … ..45m

  • 12m …

..12m Experiment 646 Bq/m² 496 Bq/m² LASAIR approx.: 386 Bq/m² 397 Bq/m² 1,67 : 1 1,24 : 1

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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

LASAIR results Test 02, model Deposition (Bq/m²)

site (birds eye) [Google Earth]

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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

LASAIR results Test 02, model Deposition (Bq/m²)

0,00E+00 2,21E-01 4,38E-01 4,63E-01 5,41E-01 2,94E-01 0,00E+00

  • 50

0,00E+00 3,68E+00 9,37E+00 1,10E+01 8,31E+00 2,96E+00 0,00E+00

  • 25

0,00E+00 9,22E+00 1,10E+03 1,70E+03 6,14E+02 5,67E+00 0,00E+00 2,67E-02 1,39E+01 2,22E+03 3,25E+03 1,05E+03 6,35E+00 7,89E-03

25

1,18E-01 1,92E+01 1,84E+03 2,69E+03 8,74E+02 9,53E+00 6,09E-02

50

3,19E-01 2,58E+01 1,55E+03 2,62E+03 1,12E+03 1,75E+01 3,20E-01

75

8,07E-01 4,13E+01 1,68E+03 2,96E+03 1,36E+03 3,29E+01 1,21E+00

100

2,29E+00 6,65E+01 1,45E+03 2,47E+03 1,13E+03 5,41E+01 2,65E+00

125

6,16E+00 9,91E+01 1,09E+03 1,77E+03 8,35E+02 7,23E+01 5,91E+00

150

1,39E+01 1,36E+02 9,43E+02 1,42E+03 6,78E+02 8,76E+01 1,04E+01

175 75 50 25

  • 25
  • 50
  • 75
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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

Test 02, experiment, average Deposition (Bq/m²)

Downwind

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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

Test 02, experiment, average Deposition (Bq/m²)

Bq/m2 1,70E+05 Maximum Bq/m2 1,70E+05 Maximum

38 m²

Bq/m2 1,70E+03 MW/area:

240 m²

Bq/m2 1,03E+02 MW/area: Bq/m2 6,46E+04 MW: Bq/m2 2,46E+04 MW:

area 4 area 3

Bq/m2 8,72E+04 Maximum Bq/m2 1,70E+05 Maximum

600 m²

Bq/m2 1,27E+01 MW/area:

600 m²

Bq/m2 2,96E+01 MW/area: Bq/m2 7,62E+03 MW: Bq/m2 1,78E+04 MW:

area 2 area 1

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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

Test 02, experiment, average Deposition (Bq/m²)

Experiment 29,6 Bq/m² 103 Bq/m² 1700 Bq/m² LASAIR approx.: 1700 Bq/m² 3250 Bq/m² xx grid 1 grid 2 1700 103 29,6 mean value / area Area 600 m² 240 m² 38 m²

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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

Test 02, experiment, average Deposition (Bq/m²)

Conclusion for test 02

  • mesurement data reveal strong inhomogenity
  • application of a model with larger grid size is not wise
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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

  • In general

results are not too bad….

Summary

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Hartmut Walter Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Germany

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