Signal-to-Noise Ratio Measurements for IoT Communications with - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Signal-to-Noise Ratio Measurements for IoT Communications with - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Oct 15, 2023 234 likes •463 views

Signal-to-Noise Ratio Measurements for IoT Communications with Quantum Tunneling Reflectors Francesco Amato December 13 th 2016 f.amato@gatech.edu School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology 1 Movement

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SLIDE 1

Signal-to-Noise Ratio Measurements for IoT Communications with Quantum Tunneling Reflectors

1

Francesco Amato December 13th 2016

f.amato@gatech.edu

School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology

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SLIDE 2

E-health Movement detection Ambient Sensing and monitoring

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Connected cars Smart cities ….

Overview: IoT applications |Background | Experimental Setup | Results | Long Range Measurements

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SLIDE 3

Use photos (BLE, RFID applications)

RFID + Simple RF front-end + Low power consumption

  • Short communication ranges

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Overview: BLE & RFID|Background | Experimental Setup | Results | Long Range Measurements

BLE + Ubiquitous + Longer communication

ranges

  • Higher power consumption
  • Complex RF front-end

Idea: developing quantum tunneling-based RFIDs to achieve long ranges with low power consumption

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SLIDE 4

Quantum Tunneling RFID Tag

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Overview: quantum tag |Background | Experimental Setup | Results | Long Range Measurements

DC block RF choke tunnel diode Reflection Ampl ifier

Microcontroller

modulated DC bias RFin RFout

Power Frequency fc fc fls fus fm

a) b)

Power Frequency

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SLIDE 5

Reflection amplifiers

Reflection amplifiers are active devices that, when opportunity biased, display a negative resistance (-R).

> 1 M = 0.25 M = 1 M > 1

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Overview |Background: reflection amplifiers | Experimental Setup | Results| Long Range Measurements

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SLIDE 6

Quantum Tunneling Reflection Amplifier

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C1 Tunnel Diode RFin VBias Bias Tee Tuning stub

Overview |Background: reflection amplifiers | Experimental Setup | Results| Long Range Measurements

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SLIDE 7
  • Reflection amplifiers are based on injection locking effect
  • The non-linearity of tunnel diodes can affect the Signal to Noise ratio (SNR)
  • In a quantum tunneling reflector, the SNR depends on weather or not it

locks at the external frequency Once locked, the SNR depends on:

  • The biasing voltage VDC
  • The external RF signal strength Pin
  • The modulation speed fm
  • The presence of undesired input signals acting as interferers

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Overview |Background: reflection amplifiers | Experimental Setup | Results| Long Range Measurements

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SLIDE 8

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C1 Tunnel Diode RFi

n

VB

ia s

Bias Tee Tuning stub

Overview |Background | Experimental Setup | Results | Long Range Measurements

Experimental Setup

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SLIDE 9

Oscillations

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Overview |Background | Experimental Setup | Results: oscillations | Long Range Measurements

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SLIDE 10

Injection locking

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Overview |Background | Experimental Setup | Results: locking | Long Range Measurements

5.785 5.79 5.795 5.8 5.805 5.81 5.815

  • 90
  • 80
  • 70
  • 60
  • 50
  • 40
  • 30

Frequency (GHz) Pout (dBm)

V

DC = 60.0 mV, no RF input

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SLIDE 11

Injection locking

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Overview |Background | Experimental Setup | Results: locking | Long Range Measurements

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SLIDE 12

Injection locking

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Overview |Background | Experimental Setup | Results: locking | Long Range Measurements

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SLIDE 13

Signal-to-Noise Ratios

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Overview |Background | Experimental Setup | Results: SNR | Long Range Measurements

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SLIDE 14

The locking range

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Overview |Background | Experimental Setup | Results: locking range | Long Range Measurements

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SLIDE 15

The locking range

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Overview |Background | Experimental Setup | Results: locking range | Long Range Measurements

Power and Energy: VDC = 60 mV, IDC = 340 uA

Power: 20.4 uW, Energy: 2.9 pJ/bit @ 7 MHz

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SLIDE 16

Interferers

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Overview |Background | Experimental Setup | Results: interferers | Long Range Measurements

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SLIDE 17

Interferers

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Overview |Background | Experimental Setup | Results: interferers | Long Range Measurements

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SLIDE 18

5.8 GHz RFID Transceiver and Tag

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Overview |Background | Experimental Setup | Experimental Results | Long Range Measurements

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SLIDE 19

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Overview |Background | Experimental Setup | Experimental Results | Long Range Measurements

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SLIDE 20

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Overview |Background | Experimental Setup | Experimental Results | Long Range Measurements

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SLIDE 21

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DC block RF choke t unnel diode Reflection A mpl ifier

Charge Pump

  • r Battery

Demodulator Microcontroller

modulated DC bias RFin RF out P o w er Frequ ency fc P o w er Frequ ency fc fls fu

s

fm

a) b)

C1 Tunnel Diode RFin VBias Bias Tee Tuning stub

Thank you

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SLIDE 22

Signal-to-Noise Ratio Measurements for IoT Communications with Quantum Tunneling Reflectors

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Francesco Amato December 13th 2016

f.amato@gatech.edu

School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology