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Motivation Steps to Go Frames and Semantic Roles Summary Semantic analysis of simple sentences: the way to go for Estonian Neeme Kahusk University of Tartu Institute of Computer Science Liivi 2 308, Tartu, Estonia Nelijrve 2011

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university-logo Motivation Steps to Go Frames and Semantic Roles Summary

Semantic analysis of simple sentences: the way to go for Estonian

Neeme Kahusk

University of Tartu Institute of Computer Science Liivi 2 – 308, Tartu, Estonia

Nelijärve 2011

Kahusk Semantic Analysis of Sentences

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university-logo Motivation Steps to Go Frames and Semantic Roles Summary

Outline

1

Motivation

2

Steps to Go

3

Frames and Semantic Roles

Kahusk Semantic Analysis of Sentences

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university-logo Motivation Steps to Go Frames and Semantic Roles Summary

Real language understanding in a limited domain

Real understanding of texts Semantic representation of what reader knows after reading the text Question answering Towards an intelligent device acting in real room

Kahusk Semantic Analysis of Sentences

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university-logo Motivation Steps to Go Frames and Semantic Roles Summary

Steps to Go

plain text morphological analysis and disambiguation syntactic analysis and disambiguation word sense disambiguation frame semantics (and disambiguation) inferences sentence generation

Kahusk Semantic Analysis of Sentences

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university-logo Motivation Steps to Go Frames and Semantic Roles Summary

Steps to Go

Mary went from Tartu to Nelijärve. Mari läks Tartust Nelijärvele. Where Mary was? Mary was in Tartu Where Mary is? Mary is at Nelijärve

Kahusk Semantic Analysis of Sentences

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university-logo Motivation Steps to Go Frames and Semantic Roles Summary

Mari Mari+0 //_H_ sg g, sg n, // mari+0 //_S_ sg g, sg n, sg p, // mari+0 //_S_ sg n, // läks mine+s //_V_ s, // Tartust Tartu+st //_H_ sg el, // Nelijärvele neli_järv+le //_S_ sg all, //

Kahusk Semantic Analysis of Sentences

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university-logo Motivation Steps to Go Frames and Semantic Roles Summary

Kus Mari oli? Mari oli Tartus Kus Mari on? Mari on Nelijärvel

Kahusk Semantic Analysis of Sentences

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university-logo Motivation Steps to Go Frames and Semantic Roles Summary

Main problems

inventory of semantic roles moving from syntactic tree to a semantic frame inferences world knowledge

Kahusk Semantic Analysis of Sentences

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university-logo Motivation Steps to Go Frames and Semantic Roles Summary

Frames and Semantic Roles

“Estonian” frames: 4 basic motion frames

agentive (self-)motion non-agentive (self-)motion agentive (causing) motion non-agentive (causing) motion

Framenet frames: many motion frames — e.g. self_motion, cause_motion, using_vechile, mass_motion . . . (we are currently using 17)

Kahusk Semantic Analysis of Sentences

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university-logo Motivation Steps to Go Frames and Semantic Roles Summary

AGENTIVE SELF-MOTION HYPERONYM: MOTION ROLE STRUCTURE Participant Roles AGENT (participant who controls his/her activity, the instigator of the event)

Kahusk Semantic Analysis of Sentences

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university-logo Motivation Steps to Go Frames and Semantic Roles Summary

FRAME: ASETSEMA1 ’be located’ Object: = Agent Loc = Locfrom Time = Timefrom FRAME: ASETSEMA2 Object = Agent Loc = Locto Time = Timeto INSTRUMENT [the same ASETSEMA subframes attached as by AGENT,

nly Object = Instrument,

which means that INSTRUMENT is supposed to move the same way as AGENT]

Kahusk Semantic Analysis of Sentences

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university-logo Motivation Steps to Go Frames and Semantic Roles Summary

Loc-Roles LOCFROM (starting place, e.g. from the garden, from under the table, from the box) Locfrom-in Locfrom-at LOC (where the motion takes place, e.g.

n the street,

in the garden, under the table) Loc-in Loc-at LOCTO (the ending place, e.g. onto the street, into the garden, into the box) Locto-in Locto-at

Kahusk Semantic Analysis of Sentences

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university-logo Motivation Steps to Go Frames and Semantic Roles Summary

Time-roles [The same system: TIMEFROM, TIME, TIMETO, DURATION] /---/ Other roles Not important in the given context: DIRECTON, PATH, MANNER, about 30 in total.

Kahusk Semantic Analysis of Sentences

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university-logo Motivation Steps to Go Frames and Semantic Roles Summary

Mary went from Tartu to Nelijärve AGENTIVE SELF-MOTION HYPERONYM: MOTION AGENT = Mary FRAME: ASETSEMA1 [before] Object = Mary Loc = Tartu FRAME: ASETSEMA2 [after] Object = Mary Loc = Nelijärve

Kahusk Semantic Analysis of Sentences

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university-logo Motivation Steps to Go Frames and Semantic Roles Summary

John threw ball into the box AGENTIVE CAUSING MOTION HYPERONYM: MOTION AGENT = John FRAME: ASETSEMA1 [before] Object = John Loc = <previous> FRAME: ASETSEMA2 [after] Object = John Loc = <previous> FRAME: ASETSEMA1 [before] Object = ball Loc = <previous> FRAME: ASETSEMA2 [after] Object = ball Loc = box

Kahusk Semantic Analysis of Sentences

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university-logo Motivation Steps to Go Frames and Semantic Roles Summary

Steps to Go

John threw ball into the box Where John was? John was here Where John is? John is here Where ball was? ball was here Where ball is? ball is in the box

Kahusk Semantic Analysis of Sentences

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university-logo Motivation Steps to Go Frames and Semantic Roles Summary

Summary

Morphological analysis and disambiguation Syntactic analysis and disambiguation Word sense disambiguation (?) Frames: From Framenet or our own? World knowledge Inferences

Kahusk Semantic Analysis of Sentences