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School of Ministry

Tie Word of God - Paru 2

Homework Question 1

How did you define the Authority of the Bible?

“Christians believe the Scriptures are God- breathed and thereby authoritative. By God- breathed we mean that the Holy Spirit communicated to the author precisely what God intended, and that the author, in his own words, accurately recorded what was communicated.”

• Ref. 2Tim. 3:16

How did you define Sufficiency of the Bible?

“That the Bible is all we need to equip us for a life of faith and service.” Ref. 2Peter 1:3

How did you define the Inspiration of the Bible

“That the Scriptures are authored from God (“God- breathed”), and that God moved through the personality and abilities of the biblical writers in such a way that what they wrote was without error and was correct in everything that it addressed.” Ref. 2Tim. 3:16-17 p.s. We do not believe that God dictated His message to the prophets in a mechanical way. Rather, the Bible is Fully Divine as it is God’s Word & Fully Human in that God used people to record His word.

How did you define the Inerrancy of the Bible?

“Inerrancy means that the original autographs of the Bible are without error.” We don’t mean that the manuscript copies are without errors. But we do believe that 100% of God’s message comes through!

100% of God’s message comes through

“Paul Lester: you have won $10,000,000” “Paullester: you have won ten million dollars” Pall Lester: you have won $10,000,000 dollars” “Lester, paul has won ten times a million dollars” Note that even with variations & errors in each copy that by comparing them we can be confident that we have 100% of the meaning of the message.

Copies & Conflicts

Here’s the good news! The variations, omissions & errors found when comparing the Received Text, Majority Text, & Alexandrian text affect

• nly one in a thousand words!

In other words God has superintended the preservation of His words to mankind to protect His message. While much has been made of the of the omissions in the Alexandrian texts (and for good reason) none of the essential doctrines of the Christian faith are ultimately undermined.

Missing verses

The NIV , ESV , NLT, etc. does not include Matt. 18:11…
 
 “For the Son of man is come to save that which was lost.” KJV But they all include the same words in Luke 19:10…
 
 “For the Son of Man came to seek and to save the lost.” NIV

Missing Sections

All of the English translations based on the Alexandrian texts either omit, or bracket the end of Mark’s Gospel (vss. 9-20) with they claim are not authentic as they are not found in the so-called “earliest” manuscripts (c 300 AD.) However, the early Church Father’s quoted from Mark 16:9-20 150 years before the Alexandrian texts were written! Thus, they must have been part of Mark’s original Gospel Justin Martyr (c. 150 AD), Tatian (c. 175 AD), Irenaeus (c, 180 AD) & Hippolytus (c. 200 AD)! This is one reason I prefer translations based on the Received & Majority Texts.

English Translations

A Brjef Overview

New Testament Manuscripts

Syrian Peshitta (Aramaic c. 150-250 A.D.) ~ written in the language spoken by Jesus & His disciples. Old Latin (c. 200 A.D.) O.T. translated from the

• LXX. Used by Terullian & Cyprian.

Many Ethiopic, Coptic & Armenian translations.

Latin Vulgate (405 A.D.) ~ Jerome translated the Gospels from the Old Latin & added the books of the O.T. as well as some of the Apocryphal books.
 
 Used by the Church in the West for almost 1,000 years! Wycliffe Bible (1380 A.D.) ~ translated by hand from Latin! Wycliffe persecuted for translating the Scripture into the so-called “vulgar tongue” of English!
 
 His enemies couldn’t catch him but after his death Pope Martin V ordered that his bones be dug up, burned and scattered on the River Swift!

Tyndale’s New Testament (1525 A.D.) ~ condemned by Rome so it was produced in Europe and smuggled into England in sacks of flour!
 
 Tyndale was later arrested and burned at the stake by order of King Henry VIII!
 
 The King James translators adopted about 80% of Tyndale’s work.

Coverdale Bible (1535 A.D.) ~ Miles Coverdale was an assistant to Tyndale & produced the first complete Bible in English. Matthew’s Bible (1537 A.D.) ~ “Thomas Matthew’s” was the pen name of John Rogers, a friend of Tyndale. His translation was accepted by King Henry VII & became the first state authorized English Bible. But when Queen Mary took the throne she had him burned at the stake!

First chapters added to the Bible by Stephen Langton in 1227 A.D. (not an English trans.) First verses added to the Bible by Robert Stephanus in 1551—but only in the Greek N.T.

The Great Bible (1539 A.D.) ~ called “Great” because of its size! Translation initiated by Bishop Thomas Cromwell. The Geneva Bible (1560 A.D.) ~ the Bible of the

• Reformation. Printed & bound in Switzerland

under John Knox.
 
 It was the Bible translation used by the Puritans, Shakespeare, Milton (“Paradise Lost”) & was carried to America by the Pilgrims.

The Bishop’s Bible (1568 A.D.) ~ it was initiated by Queen Elizabeth & carried out by the Church

• f England. 



 It was intended to counteract the Calvinistic bias in the Geneva Bible.
 
 It is a significant translation because it provided the starting point for the King James Version.

King James Version (1611 A.D.) ~ the most famous English translation of all time, still loved and used by millions of people 400 years after its first printing.

As of today there have been over 1,200 English translations of the Bible produced! According to Wycliff Bible Translators there are still 2,163 languages with no Bible translation. So, while there are good reasons to argue about which is the best English translation our energy would be better spent working together to translate the Bible into those languages that have no Bible!

Bible Translations

I have a “leaf” from a Geneva Bible for you to look at! A selection of English translations that I have read through—some are great, some are fun, and some are awful!

Homework - Question 2

Examples of Churches & Denominations that reject the authority, inspiration, sufficiency & inerrancy of the Bible

Episcopal Church USA Evangelical Lutheran Church of America Metropolitan Community Church Roman Catholic Church The Church of Latter Day Saints (Mormons)

Bishop Otis Charles & Felipe Sanchez Paris

Discussion Outline Thoughts or Questions?

Intro to the Inductive Bible Study Method

IBS

To learn how to use the IBS method normally takes 4-6 weeks. We will only do a brief introduction so you can see the benefits. I’ve included a link in this week’s course to the IBS

• nline class if you’re

interested…it’s free.

Dan Frinfrock

Interpreting the Bible

What is the smallest unit of meaning in language? Word? Sentence? Paragraph?

Interpreting the Bible

What is the smallest unit of meaning in language? Word Sentence Paragraph

“Set”

The volleyball players yelling “set”! Please “set” the table. I have the complete “set” of Spurgeon’s commentaries. You can “set” your suitcase here. The word “set” has over 200 usages in the English language!

Therefore the only way we can know what a word means is by the context that it is used in a sentence. Thus, a concordance, like Strong’s, only provide us with the usage of any given word. The meaning of a word is determined by how it is used in a sentence. So, the smallest unit of meaning in language is a sentence.

The point? When studying the Bible to determine the meaning of a text words are important… …but you must understand a word’s meaning in the context of the sentence lest you find yourself coming to wrong understandings of what God meant.

Example

“ Where there is no vision, the people perish.”

• Pro. 29:18a KJV

“Vision” can mean: “dream, revelation, & oracle.” My charismatic friends used this verse to “prove” that believers today must have a prophet in the church to give divine direction.

But if you read the rest of the verse you discover that the context of the sentence speaks of what God has already revealed in the Law! “Where there is no vision, the people perish: but he that keepeth the law, happy is he.” In other words the path of blessing is found in

• bedience to God’s word. Without His word

people move toward sinful living. We don’t need to look for new vision because God has already given it to us in the Bible.

Inductive Bible Study

Inductive vs. Deductive Inductive means to “Pull out the facts.” In other words our goal is to let the text speak for itself so that we can discover the Author’s intent. Deductive means to “Start with a premise.” In

• ther words we approach the text with

preconceived idea of what we want it to mean.

The Process

Observation
 
 The First Step: Making observations Interpretation
 
 The Second Step: Asking questions
 The Third Step: Finding answers Application
 
 The Forth Step: Making application

The First Step Making Observations

Your goal is to discover the Author’s intended meaning. Start by simply reading the text ~ a good rule of thumb is to read it over at least 5 times before doing anything else!

Next using a pen or pencil mark the basic segments breaks in the text. A segment is a typically a few paragraphs—which communicates

• ne main idea, thought or theme.

In your homework you’ll learn how to recognize segments by recognizing the Laws of Structure.

The Second Step Asking Questions

Here you’re working as a literary detective— asking questions about the text… Who, what, why, where, how, etc.

The Third Step Finding Answers

In this step you are simply answering the questions that you asked in Step Two. Example: circle the names of the people & places mentioned; underline repeated words & synonyms—or contrasting words. Based on your answers you can then add your interpretation of what you believe the text means.

The Forth Step Making Application

Finally you want to look for any instruction, warning, and admonition that God has for you. Super important as our goal is to be doers of the word not just hearers (or readers)!

Psalm 19

Practice

• Ps. 19:1

The heavens declare the glory of God; And the firmament shows His handiwork.

• Ps. 19:2

Day unto day utters speech, And night unto night reveals knowledge.

• Ps. 19:3

There is no speech nor language Where their voice is not heard.

• Ps. 19:4

Their line has gone out through all the earth, And their words to the end of the

• world. In them He has set a tabernacle for the sun,
• Ps. 19:5

Which is like a bridegroom coming out of his chamber, And rejoices like a strong man to run its race.

• Ps. 19:6

Its rising is from one end of heaven, And its circuit to the other end; And there is nothing hidden from its heat.

• Ps. 19:7

The law of the LORD is perfect, converting the soul; The testimony of the LORD is sure, making wise the simple;

• Ps. 19:8

The statutes of the LORD are right, rejoicing the heart; The commandment of the LORD is pure, enlightening the eyes;

• Ps. 19:1 The heavens declare the glory of God; And the firmament shows His handiwork.
• Ps. 19:2 Day unto day utters speech, And night unto night reveals knowledge.
• Ps. 19:3 There is no speech nor language Where their voice is not heard.
• Ps. 19:4 Their line has gone out through all the earth, And their words to the end of the
• world. In them He has set a tabernacle for the sun,
• Ps. 19:5 Which is like a bridegroom coming out of his chamber, And rejoices like a

strong man to run its race.

• Ps. 19:6 Its rising is from one end of heaven, And its circuit to the other end; And there

is nothing hidden from its heat.

• Ps. 19:7 The law of the LORD is perfect, converting the soul; The testimony of the

LORD is sure, making wise the simple;

• Ps. 19:8 The statutes of the LORD are right, rejoicing the heart; The commandment of

the LORD is pure, enlightening the eyes;

• Ps. 19:7

The law of the LORD is perfect, converting the soul; The testimony of the LORD is sure, making wise the simple;

• Ps. 19:8

The statutes of the LORD are right, rejoicing the heart; The commandment of the LORD is pure, enlightening the eyes;

• Ps. 19:9

The fear of the LORD is clean, enduring forever; The judgments of the LORD are true and righteous altogether.

• Ps. 19:10 More to be desired are they than gold, Yea, than much fine gold;

Sweeter also than honey and the honeycomb.

• Ps. 19:11 Moreover by them Your servant is warned, And in keeping them there is

great reward.

• Ps. 19:12 Who can understand his errors? Cleanse me from secret faults.

• Ps. 19:7

The law of the LORD is perfect, converting the soul; The testimony of the LORD is sure, making wise the simple;

• Ps. 19:8

The statutes of the LORD are right, rejoicing the heart; The commandment of the LORD is pure, enlightening the eyes;

• Ps. 19:9

The fear of the LORD is clean, enduring forever; The judgments of the LORD are true and righteous altogether.

• Ps. 19:10 More to be desired are they than gold, Yea, than much fine gold;

Sweeter also than honey and the honeycomb.

• Ps. 19:11 Moreover by them Your servant is warned, And in keeping them there is

great reward.

• Ps. 19:12 Who can understand his errors? Cleanse me from secret faults.

• Ps. 19:12 Who can understand his errors? Cleanse me from secret faults.
• Ps. 19:13 Keep back Your servant also from presumptuous sins; Let them not

have dominion over me. Then I shall be blameless, And I shall be innocent of great transgression.

• Ps. 19:14 Let the words of my mouth and the meditation of my heart Be acceptable

in Your sight, O LORD, my strength and my Redeemer.

• Ps. 19:12 Who can understand his errors? Cleanse me from secret faults.
• Ps. 19:13 Keep back Your servant also from presumptuous sins; Let them not

have dominion over me. Then I shall be blameless, And I shall be innocent of great transgression.

• Ps. 19:14 Let the words of my mouth and the meditation of my heart Be 


acceptable in Your sight, O LORD, my strength and my Redeemer.

Psalm 19

“God is tiere & He is not silent”

• Ps. 19:1

The heavens declare the glory of God; And the firmament shows His handiwork.

• Ps. 19:2

Day unto day utters speech, And night unto night reveals knowledge.

• Ps. 19:3

There is no speech nor language Where their voice is not heard.

• Ps. 19:4

Their line has gone out through all the earth, And their words to the end of the world. In them He has set a tabernacle for the sun,

• Ps. 19:5

Which is like a bridegroom coming out of his chamber, And rejoices like a strong man to run its race.

• Ps. 19:6

Its rising is from one end of heaven, And its circuit to the other end; And there is nothing hidden from its heat.

• Ps. 19:7

The law of the LORD is perfect, converting the soul; The testimony of the LORD is sure, making wise the simple;

• Ps. 19:8

The statutes of the LORD are right, rejoicing the heart; The commandment of the LORD is pure, enlightening the eyes;

• Ps. 19:9

The fear of the LORD is clean, enduring forever; The judgments of the LORD are true and righteous altogether.

• Ps. 19:10

More to be desired are they than gold, Yea, than much fine gold; Sweeter also than honey and the honeycomb.

• Ps. 19:11

Moreover by them Your servant is warned, And in keeping them there is great reward.

• Ps. 19:12

Who can understand his errors? Cleanse me from secret faults.

• Ps. 19:13

Keep back Your servant also from presumptuous sins; Let them not have dominion over me. Then I shall be blameless, And I shall be innocent of great transgression.

• Ps. 19:14

Let the words of my mouth and the meditation of my heart Be acceptable in Your sight, O LORD, my strength and my Redeemer.

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Testimony

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Creation Testimony

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His Word Testimony

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Man’s Heart

Sermon Prep

Tiink yovrself empty Read yovrself fulm Wrjte yovrself suraight Pray yovrself keen Once in thf pulpit let yovrself go!