School Microcosm 1. Lyceum of Archagelos, Rhodes, Greece 2. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

COMENIUS 1 .School Project 2006-07 “School Microcosm” 1. Lyceum of Archagelos, Rhodes, Greece 2. Juankosken Lukio, Finland Gymnázium a Jazyková, Czech Republic 3. Geniko Lykeio Archagelos Rhodes

t S k o p i a B l a c k S e a GREECE B u l g a r i a O r e s t á i s B o s p o r u s T u r k e y D r á m a X á n t h i S é r r a i K o m o t i n í K i l k í s T hrace S t r u m a É d h e s s a S e a o f M a r m a r a K a v á l a A l b a n i a A l e x a n d r o ú p o l i s F l ó r i n a Macedonia a s t o r í a T h e s s a l o n í k i T h á s o s K S a m o t h r á k i i r o s P o l í y V é r o i a Mt. Athos K o z á n i K a t e r í n i 4 0 ° G r e v e n á K alabáka I o á n n i n a L í m n o s K é r k i r a L á r i s a I g o u m e n í t s a T r í k a l a C o r f u T hessaly Northern E pirus V ó l o s L é s v o s K a r d h í t s a Sporades Á r t a M i t i l í n i P r e v é z a K a r p e n í s i o n A e g e a n S e a S k í r o s L a m í a Ionian Islands L e v k á s T u r k e y L e v k á s Agrínion É v v o i a Á m f i s s a M e s o l ó n g i o n K h a l k í s L e v á d h i a K h í o s K e f a l l i n í a K h í o s P á t r a i A r g o s t ó l i o n Mégara A t h e n s P i r a i e v s Z á k i n t h o s K ó r i n t h o s S á m o s V a t h í g o s P í r Á n d r o s Z á k i n t h o s T í n o s T r í p o l i s N á v l i o n I k a r í a S í r o s E r m o ú p o l i s I o n i a n S e a Cyclades K a l á m a i S p á r t i N á x o s s K o s P eloplnnesus Y íthion R ó d h o s o T h í r a A r c h a g e l o s R HODE S K í t h i r a 3 6 ° Crete K á r p a t h o s K h a n i á I r á k l i o n K astéllion R é t h i m n o n Á y i o s N i k ó l a o s C r e t e S itía 2 4 ° 2 8 ° 2 0 ° I 9 9 2 M A G E L L A N G e o g r a p h i x S M S a n t a B a r b a r a , C A ( 8 0 0 ) 9 2 9 - 4 6 2 7 Geniko Lykeio Archagelos Rhodes

Basic Information OFFICIAL NAME Hellenic Republic DATE OF FORMATION 1829 CAPITAL Athens POPULATION 11 million 218 people DENSITY per square mile FLAG Geniko Lykeio Archagelos Rhodes

Brief on Greece Greece or Hellas, officially known as the Hellenic Republic (Ellinikí Dimokratía). Country in southeastern Europe, occupying the southernmost part of the Balkan Peninsula. Famed for the beauty of its landscape, Greece is dominated by mountains and sea. The Aegean, Mediterranean, and Ionian seas constitute the country’s eastern, southern, and western borders, and no part of mainland Greece is more than 100 km (60 mi) from the water. Islands constitute about one-fifth of the country’s land area. Geniko Lykeio Archagelos Rhodes

Short history In the 1st millennium BC, ancient Greek city-states led by Athens made tremendous advances in government, philosophy, and the arts. The ancient Greek civilization was concentrated on the coastlines of present-day Greece and its islands. The Ottoman Empire gained control of Greece in stages, beginning in the 15th century. After an eight-year war, Greece formally gained its independence from the Ottomans in 1830; it was the first nation in the empire to do so. Geniko Lykeio Archagelos Rhodes

Topography Greece is a mountainous, stony country with a highly indented and crenellated coast. According to a Greek myth, when god created the world he distributed all the available soil through a sieve and when he had provided every country with enough of it he tossed the remaining stones from the sieve over his shoulder - and there was Greece. Geniko Lykeio Archagelos Rhodes

More than two thirds of the country is classified as hilly and mountainous. The Pindos range traverses the Greek mainland from N.W. to S.E. dividing it in two. The mainland coastline is 4,000 km long while 9,841 islands, 114 of which are inhabited, add another 11,000 km of coastline. The highest Greek mountain is Mount Olympus (2,917 m.), believed to be the seat of the 12 Gods of ancient Greek mythology. Geniko Lykeio Archagelos Rhodes

Islands. An essential element of the Greek tourism product peculiarity is the island phenomenon. A total of 227 inhabited islands (of which 164 are washed by the Aegean Sea) are part of the Greek territory. Still, only 78 islands have more than 100 inhabitants. 59.9% of the whole country's hotel units, 62.2% of the available rooms and 62.2% of the hotel beds is concentrated on the Greek islands. Geniko Lykeio Archagelos Rhodes

Climate Mediterranean. Summers are hot and dry, winters usually mild. Most of the rain falls in autumn and winter. Geniko Lykeio Archagelos Rhodes

There is plenty of sunshine, mild temperatures and a limited amount of rainfall. Due to the country's geographical position, its rugged relief and its distribution between the mainland and the sea, there is great variation in Greece's climate. In summer, the dry hot days are cooled by seasonal winds called the meltemi, while mountainous regions have generally lower temperatures. The winters are mild in lowland areas, with a minimum amount of snow and ice, yet, mountains are usually snow-covered. Geniko Lykeio Archagelos Rhodes

Flora Flora: Trees include white poplars, spearheaded cypresses, chestnut, pine, fir and olive trees. Of special beauty are the cultivated and wild flowers of Greece, many of which are mentioned in classical poetry and mythology, such as evosmon, anemone, violets, tulips, peonies, narcissus, parthenium, primrose and chamomile. Geniko Lykeio Archagelos Rhodes

Fauna Fauna: Wild animals include boar, bear, wild cat, brown squirrel, jackal, fox, deer, wolf. A number of 358 species of birds are found throughout Greece, two-thirds of which are migratory. Among the birds of prey are the golden and imperial eagle, and several species of falcons. Other indigenous varieties of birds are the owl, pelican, pheasant, partridge, woodcock and nightingale. Marine Fauna Marine Fauna: Some 246 species of marine life have been identified in Greek seas. Among the best known one species such as red mullet, lobster, squid, octapus, shrimp, crab, oyster, mussel and cockle. River fish are rare. Dolphins, so familiar in the legends and sculpture of antiquity, are still present in the Greek seas. Geniko Lykeio Archagelos Rhodes

National Anthem I know you by the sharp blade Of your terrifying sword I know you by the form you made Taking the earth as victor lord. Sprung from Grecian bones scattered Hallowed on every vale With your old valor unshattered, Liberty, hail to you, hail! The hellenic national anthem has the title “Hymn to Liberty” . It consists of 158 stanzas. It was composed by national poet Dionyssios Solomos in 1823. Composer Nikolaos Mantzaros set it to music in 1845 and in 1865 it became Greece’s national anthem. These two first stanzas are sung in public holidays or other official occasions Geniko Lykeio Archagelos Rhodes

Greek Flag The number of the lines is based on the number of the syllables (9) in the The line pattern was chosen because of Greek phrase: Eleftheria H Thanatos their similarity with the wavy sea that (Freedom or Death). surounds the shores of Greece.The interchange of blue and white colors makes the Hellenic Flag on a windy day to look like the Aegean Sea. Geniko Lykeio Archagelos Rhodes

The Greek Square Cross that rests on the upper left-side ofthe flag and occupies one fourth of the total area demonstrates the respect and the devotion the Greek people have for the Greek Orthodox Church and signifies the important role of Christianity in the formation of the modern Hellenic Nation. Geniko Lykeio Archagelos Rhodes

History Greece has a history stretching back almost 4.000 years. The people of the mainland, called Hellenes, organised great naval and military expeditions, and explored the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, going as far as the Atlantic Ocean and the Caucasus Mountains. One of those expeditions, the siege of Troy, is narrated in the first great European literary work, Homer's Iliad. Numerous Greek settlements were founded throughout the Mediterranean, Asia Minor and the coast of North Africa as a result of travels in search of new markets. Geniko Lykeio Archagelos Rhodes

During the Classical period (5th century B.C.), Greece was composed of city-states, the largest being Athens, followed by Sparta and Thebes. A fierce spirit of independence and love of freedom enabled the Greeks to defeat the Persians in battles which are famous in the history of civilization - Marathon, Thermopylae, Salamis and Plataea. Geniko Lykeio Archagelos Rhodes