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SLIDE 1

■❈❊❈❈❙ ✷✵✶✸ ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ❙✐♥❣❛♣♦r❡

❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ❢♦r ❘❡❛❧✲❚✐♠❡ ❙②st❡♠s

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ▲❛❜♦r❛t♦✐r❡ ❞✬■♥❢♦r♠❛t✐q✉❡ ❞❡ P❛r✐s ◆♦r❞ ❯♥✐✈❡rs✐té P❛r✐s ✶✸✱ ❙♦r❜♦♥♥❡ P❛r✐s ❈✐té✱ ❋r❛♥❝❡

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✶ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 2

■♥tr♦❞✉❝t✐♦♥

❈♦♥t❡①t✿ ❱❡r✐❢②✐♥❣ ❈♦♠♣❧❡① ❚✐♠❡❞ ❙②st❡♠s ✭✶✴✷✮

◆❡❡❞ ❢♦r ❡❛r❧② ❜✉❣ ❞❡t❡❝t✐♦♥

❇✉❣s ❞✐s❝♦✈❡r❡❞ ✇❤❡♥ ✜♥❛❧ t❡st✐♥❣✿ ❡①♣❡♥s✐✈❡ ◆❡❡❞ ❢♦r ❛ t❤♦r♦✉❣❤ ♠♦❞❡❧✐♥❣ ❛♥❞ ✈❡r✐✜❝❛t✐♦♥ ♣❤❛s❡

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✷ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 3

■♥tr♦❞✉❝t✐♦♥

❈♦♥t❡①t✿ ❱❡r✐❢②✐♥❣ ❈♦♠♣❧❡① ❚✐♠❡❞ ❙②st❡♠s ✭✷✴✷✮

❯s❡ ❢♦r♠❛❧ ♠❡t❤♦❞s ❆ ♠♦❞❡❧ ♦❢ t❤❡ s②st❡♠ ✐s ✉♥r❡❛❝❤❛❜❧❡ ❆ ♣r♦♣❡rt② t♦ ❜❡ s❛t✐s✜❡❞ ◗✉❡st✐♦♥✿ ❞♦❡s t❤❡ ♠♦❞❡❧ ♦❢ t❤❡ s②st❡♠ s❛t✐s❢② t❤❡ ♣r♦♣❡rt②❄ ❨❡s ◆♦ ❈♦✉♥t❡r❡①❛♠♣❧❡

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✸ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 4

■♥tr♦❞✉❝t✐♦♥

❈♦♥t❡①t✿ ❱❡r✐❢②✐♥❣ ❈♦♠♣❧❡① ❚✐♠❡❞ ❙②st❡♠s ✭✷✴✷✮

❯s❡ ❢♦r♠❛❧ ♠❡t❤♦❞s ❆ ♠♦❞❡❧ ♦❢ t❤❡ s②st❡♠ ?

| =

✐s ✉♥r❡❛❝❤❛❜❧❡ ❆ ♣r♦♣❡rt② t♦ ❜❡ s❛t✐s✜❡❞ ◗✉❡st✐♦♥✿ ❞♦❡s t❤❡ ♠♦❞❡❧ ♦❢ t❤❡ s②st❡♠ s❛t✐s❢② t❤❡ ♣r♦♣❡rt②❄ ❨❡s ◆♦ ❈♦✉♥t❡r❡①❛♠♣❧❡

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✸ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 5

■♥tr♦❞✉❝t✐♦♥

❈♦♥t❡①t✿ ❱❡r✐❢②✐♥❣ ❈♦♠♣❧❡① ❚✐♠❡❞ ❙②st❡♠s ✭✷✴✷✮

❯s❡ ❢♦r♠❛❧ ♠❡t❤♦❞s ❆ ♠♦❞❡❧ ♦❢ t❤❡ s②st❡♠ ?

| =

✐s ✉♥r❡❛❝❤❛❜❧❡ ❆ ♣r♦♣❡rt② t♦ ❜❡ s❛t✐s✜❡❞ ◗✉❡st✐♦♥✿ ❞♦❡s t❤❡ ♠♦❞❡❧ ♦❢ t❤❡ s②st❡♠ s❛t✐s❢② t❤❡ ♣r♦♣❡rt②❄ ❨❡s ◆♦ ❈♦✉♥t❡r❡①❛♠♣❧❡

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✸ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 6

■♥tr♦❞✉❝t✐♦♥

❈♦♥t❡①t✿ ❱❡r✐❢②✐♥❣ ❈♦♠♣❧❡① ❚✐♠❡❞ ❙②st❡♠s ✭✷✴✷✮

❯s❡ ❢♦r♠❛❧ ♠❡t❤♦❞s ❆ ♠♦❞❡❧ ♦❢ t❤❡ s②st❡♠ ?

| =

✐s ✉♥r❡❛❝❤❛❜❧❡ ❆ ♣r♦♣❡rt② t♦ ❜❡ s❛t✐s✜❡❞ ◗✉❡st✐♦♥✿ ❞♦❡s t❤❡ ♠♦❞❡❧ ♦❢ t❤❡ s②st❡♠ s❛t✐s❢② t❤❡ ♣r♦♣❡rt②❄ ❨❡s ◆♦ ❈♦✉♥t❡r❡①❛♠♣❧❡

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✸ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 7

■♥tr♦❞✉❝t✐♦♥

❙♣❡❝✐❢②✐♥❣ Pr♦♣❡rt✐❡s ❢♦r ❘❡❛❧✲❚✐♠❡ ❙②st❡♠s

✭❚✐♠❡❞✮ t❡♠♣♦r❛❧ ❧♦❣✐❝s ❬P♥✉❡❧✐✱ ✶✾✼✼✱ ❇❛✐❡r ❛♥❞ ❑❛t♦❡♥✱ ✷✵✵✽❪

❱❡r② ❡①♣r❡ss✐✈❡ ◆♦t ❡❛s② t♦ ❤❛♥❞❧❡ ❜② ♥♦♥✲❡①♣❡rts

EF((EX.P)U(AG.Q))

❊①♣r❡ss✐✈❡♥❡ss ♥♦t ♦❢t❡♥ s✉♣♣♦rt❡❞ ✐♥ ❢✉❧❧ ❜② t♦♦❧s ❘❡q✉✐r❡s ❝♦♠♣❧❡① ♠♦❞❡❧ ❝❤❡❝❦✐♥❣ ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠s ❚♦♦ ❡①♣r❡ss✐✈❡❄

❖❜s❡r✈❡r✲❜❛s❡❞ ♣r♦♣❡rt✐❡s ❬❆❝❡t♦ ❡t ❛❧✳✱ ✶✾✾✽❜✱ ❆❝❡t♦ ❡t ❛❧✳✱ ✶✾✾✽❛❪

◗✉✐t❡ ❡①♣r❡ss✐✈❡ ❉♦ ♥♦t r❡q✉✐r❡ ❝♦♠♣❧❡① ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠s ◆♦t ❡❛s② t♦ ❤❛♥❞❧❡ ❜② ♥♦♥✲❡①♣❡rts ❚♦♦ ❡①♣r❡ss✐✈❡❄

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✹ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 8

❖✉t❧✐♥❡

❖✉t❧✐♥❡

❲❤② ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s❄

❈♦♠♠♦♥ P❛tt❡r♥s

❈♦♥❝❧✉s✐♦♥ ❛♥❞ P❡rs♣❡❝t✐✈❡s

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✺ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 9

❲❤② ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s❄

❖✉t❧✐♥❡

❲❤② ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s❄

❈♦♠♠♦♥ P❛tt❡r♥s

❈♦♥❝❧✉s✐♦♥ ❛♥❞ P❡rs♣❡❝t✐✈❡s

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✻ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 10

❲❤② ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s❄ P❛tt❡r♥s

  • ♦❛❧

■❞❡♥t✐❢② ❛♥❞ ❡①♣r❡ss ❝♦♠♠♦♥ ♣r♦♣❡rt✐❡s ♠❡t ✐♥ t❤❡ ❞❡s✐❣♥ ❛♥❞ ✈❡r✐✜❝❛t✐♦♥ ♦❢ ❝♦♠♣❧❡① r❡❛❧✲t✐♠❡ s②st❡♠s ❉❡✜♥❡ ❛♥ ❛ss♦❝✐❛t❡❞ ❢♦r♠❛❧ s❡♠❛♥t✐❝s ❙❤❛❧❧ ❜❡ ♥♦♥✲❝♦♠♣♦s✐t✐♦♥❛❧

❆✈♦✐❞s ♠✐st❛❦❡s ♦r ✐❧❧✲❢♦r♠❡❞ ♣r♦♣❡rt✐❡s ❉✐s❝❛r❞s ♣r♦♣❡rt✐❡s ♥❡✈❡r ♦r r❛r❡❧② ♠❡t ✐♥ ♣r❛❝t✐❝❡ ◆♦♥✲❝♦♠♣❧❡t❡

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✼ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 11

❲❤② ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s❄ P❛tt❡r♥s

P❛tt❡r♥s✿ ❘❡❧❛t❡❞ ❲♦r❦s

❉❡s✐❣♥ ♣❛tt❡r♥s ❢♦r s♦❢t✇❛r❡ ❡♥❣✐♥❡❡r✐♥❣ ❬●❛♠♠❛ ❡t ❛❧✳✱ ✶✾✾✺❪

= ◆♦♥✲♦r✐❣✐♥❛❧✱ ♥♦♥✲❝♦♠♣♦s✐t✐♦♥❛❧✱ ♥♦♥✲❝♦♠♣❧❡t❡ = ❈❛♥ ❜❡ ✐♥s❡rt❡❞ ✐♥t♦ ❢r❡❡❧② ✇r✐tt❡♥ ❝♦❞❡

❚✐♠❡❞ ❛✉t♦♠❛t❛ ♣❛tt❡r♥s ❬❉♦♥❣ ❡t ❛❧✳✱ ✷✵✵✽❪

= ❙♣❡❝✐✜❝❛t✐♦♥ ❢♦r r❡❛❧✲t✐♠❡ ❝♦♥❝✉rr❡♥t s②st❡♠s = ❙♣❡❝✐❢② t❤❡ ♠♦❞❡❧ ❛♥❞ ♥♦t t❤❡ ♣r♦♣❡rt② = ❆✐♠ ❛t ❝♦♠♣❧❡t❡♥❡ss

❖t❤❡r ♣❛tt❡r♥s ❢♦r r❡❛❧✲t✐♠❡ s②st❡♠s

❉❡❞✐❝❛t✐♦♥ t♦ s❝❤❡❞✉❧✐♥❣ ♣r♦❜❧❡♠s ❬❑❤❛t✐❜ ❡t ❛❧✳✱ ✷✵✵✶❪ ❙♣❡❝✐✜❝❛t✐♦♥ ✉s✐♥❣ ❯▼▲ ❬▼❡❦❦✐ ❡t ❛❧✳✱ ✷✵✵✾❪ ❚✐♠❡❞ ❛✉t♦♠❛t❛ ♣❛tt❡r♥s ❣❡♥❡r❛t❡❞ ❢r♦♠ ❘❚❊❙▼s ❬❍❛♥ ❡t ❛❧✳✱ ✷✵✶✸❪

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✽ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 12

❲❤② ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s❄ ❖❜s❡r✈❡rs

❖❜s❡r✈❡rs✿ ❆❧❧ ✐s ❘❡❛❝❤❛❜✐❧✐t②

❖❜s❡r✈❡r✿ ❛❞❞✐t✐♦♥❛❧ s✉❜s②st❡♠ ♠♦♥✐t♦r✐♥❣ t❤❡ s②st❡♠ ❜❡❤❛✈✐♦r

❙②♥❝❤r♦♥✐③❛t✐♦♥ ✇✐t❤ t❤❡ s②st❡♠ ❡✈❡♥ts ❉❡✜♥✐t✐♦♥ ♦❢ ❜❛❞ ✴ ❣♦♦❞ st❛t❡s

❘❡❞✉❝t✐♦♥ t♦ ♣✉r❡ r❡❛❝❤❛❜✐❧✐t② ♣r♦♣❡rt✐❡s ❍❡r❡✱ ✇❡ ❝♦♥s✐❞❡r ✷ ♠❛✐♥ ❦✐♥❞s ♦❢ ♣r♦♣❡rt✐❡s✿

◆❡✈❡r r❡❛❝❤ t❤❡ ❜❛❞ st❛t❡

❆❧✇❛②s ❡♥❞ ✐♥ ❛ ❣♦♦❞ st❛t❡

❆❞✈❛♥t❛❣❡s

❆♥② t♦♦❧ ✐♠♣❧❡♠❡♥t✐♥❣ ✭♥♦♥✲✮r❡❛❝❤❛❜✐❧✐t② ❝❛♥ ✐♠♣❧❡♠❡♥t s✉❝❤ ♣❛tt❡r♥s

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✾ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 13

❲❤② ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s❄ ❈♦♥tr✐❜✉t✐♦♥

❖✉r ❆♣♣r♦❛❝❤

❆ ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ s❡t ♦❢ ♥♦♥✲❝♦♠♣♦s✐t✐♦♥❛❧ ♣❛tt❡r♥s

❈♦♠♠♦♥❧② ✉s❡❞ ✐♥ ♣r❛❝t✐❝❡ ❉✐s❝❛r❞s t♦♦ ❝♦♠♣❧✐❝❛t❡❞ ♣r♦♣❡rt✐❡s

❊①♣r❡ss❡❞ ✉s✐♥❣ ❛♥ ✐♥t✉✐t✐✈❡ ❊♥❣❧✐s❤✲❧✐❦❡ s②♥t❛①

P❛rt✐❛❧❧② ✐♥s♣✐r❡❞ ❜② ❈❆❙▲✲▲❚▲

❬❘❡❣❣✐♦ ❡t ❛❧✳✱ ✷✵✵✸✱ ❈❤♦♣♣② ❛♥❞ ❘❡❣❣✐♦✱ ✷✵✵✻❪

❉❡s❝r✐❜❡❞ ✉s✐♥❣ ❛ ❢✉❧❧ ❊♥❣❧✐s❤ s❡♥t❡♥❝❡ ❊❛s② t♦ ✉♥❞❡rst❛♥❞ ❜② ♥♦♥✲❡①♣❡rts

❆ss♦❝✐❛t❡❞ ✇✐t❤ ❛ ❢♦r♠❛❧ s❡♠❛♥t✐❝s

❊①♣r❡ss❡❞ ✉s✐♥❣ ♦❜s❡r✈❡rs ❉♦❡s ♥♦t r❡q✉✐r❡ ❝♦♠♣❧❡① ❛❧❣♦r✐t❤♠s ✭♦♥❧② r❡❛❝❤❛❜✐❧✐t②✮

■♠♣❧❡♠❡♥t❡❞ ✐♥ ❜♦t❤ t✐♠❡❞ ❛✉t♦♠❛t❛ ❬❆❧✉r ❛♥❞ ❉✐❧❧✱ ✶✾✾✹❪ ❛♥❞ ❙t❛t❡❢✉❧ ❚✐♠❡❞ ❈❙P ❬❙✉♥ ❡t ❛❧✳✱ ✷✵✶✸❪

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✶✵ ✴ ✷✻

slide-14
SLIDE 14

❈♦♠♠♦♥ P❛tt❡r♥s

❖✉t❧✐♥❡

❲❤② ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s❄

❈♦♠♠♦♥ P❛tt❡r♥s

❈♦♥❝❧✉s✐♦♥ ❛♥❞ P❡rs♣❡❝t✐✈❡s

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✶✶ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 15

❈♦♠♠♦♥ P❛tt❡r♥s P❛tt❡r♥s ❈❛t❛❧♦❣

❆❝t✐♦♥ Pr❡❝❡❞❡♥❝❡✿ ❆❝②❝❧✐❝ ❱❡rs✐♦♥ ✭✶✴✷✮

❙②♥t❛①✿ ✐❢ a2 t❤❡♥ a1 ❤❛s ❤❛♣♣❡♥❡❞ ❜❡❢♦r❡ ❊♥❣❧✐s❤ ❞❡s❝r✐♣t✐♦♥✿ ✏■❢ a2 ❤❛♣♣❡♥s ❛t ❧❡❛st ♦♥❝❡✱ t❤❡♥ a1 ❤❛s ❤❛♣♣❡♥❡❞ ❜❡❢♦r❡ t❤❡ ✜rst ♦❝❝✉rr❡♥❝❡ ♦❢ a2✳✑ ❚②♣✐❝❛❧ ✉s❡✿ ❛✈♦✐❞ ❢❛❧s❡ ♣♦s✐t✐✈❡s ❢♦r ❛❧❛r♠s

✏❆♥ ❛❧❛r♠ ♠✉st r✐♥❣ ♦♥❧② ✐❢ ❛♥ ✐♥tr✉s✐♦♥ ❤❛s ❤❛♣♣❡♥❡❞ ❜❡❢♦r❡✑

❉♦❡s ♥♦t ♠❡❛♥ t❤❛t t❤❡ ✐♥tr✉s✐♦♥ ✇✐❧❧ ❛❧✇❛②s ❧❡❛❞ t♦ ❛♥ ❛❧❛r♠✦

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✶✷ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 16

❈♦♠♠♦♥ P❛tt❡r♥s P❛tt❡r♥s ❈❛t❛❧♦❣

❆❝t✐♦♥ Pr❡❝❡❞❡♥❝❡✿ ❆❝②❝❧✐❝ ❱❡rs✐♦♥ ✭✷✴✷✮

✐❢ a2 t❤❡♥ a1 ❤❛s ❤❛♣♣❡♥❡❞ ❜❡❢♦r❡ ❚✐♠❡❞ ❛✉t♦♠❛t♦♥ ♦❜s❡r✈❡r✿ l0 l1 lb a1 a1, a2 a2 a1, a2 ❙t❛t❡❢✉❧ ❚✐♠❡❞ ❈❙P✿ P♦❜s . = (a2{v❜❛❞ := T} → PS) (a1 → PS)

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✶✸ ✴ ✷✻

slide-17
SLIDE 17

❈♦♠♠♦♥ P❛tt❡r♥s P❛tt❡r♥s ❈❛t❛❧♦❣

❆❝t✐♦♥ Pr❡❝❡❞❡♥❝❡✿ ❈②❝❧✐❝ ❱❡rs✐♦♥

❙②♥t❛①✿ ❡✈❡r② t✐♠❡ a2 t❤❡♥ a1 ❤❛s ❤❛♣♣❡♥❡❞ ❜❡❢♦r❡ ❊♥❣❧✐s❤ ❞❡s❝r✐♣t✐♦♥✿ ✏❊✈❡r② t✐♠❡ a2 ❤❛♣♣❡♥s✱ t❤❡♥ a1 ❤❛s ❤❛♣♣❡♥❡❞ ❜❡❢♦r❡✱ s✐♥❝❡ t❤❡ ❧❛st ♦❝❝✉rr❡♥❝❡ ♦❢ a2 ✭✐❢ ❛♥②✮✳✑ ❚✐♠❡❞ ❛✉t♦♠❛t♦♥✿ l0 l1 lb a1 a2 a2 a1 a1, a2 ❙t❛t❡❢✉❧ ❚✐♠❡❞ ❈❙P✿

P♦❜s . = P1 P1 . = (a2{v❜❛❞ := T} → PS) (a1 → P2) P2 . = (a1 → P2) (a2 → P1)

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✶✹ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 18

❈♦♠♠♦♥ P❛tt❡r♥s P❛tt❡r♥s ❈❛t❛❧♦❣

❆❝t✐♦♥ Pr❡❝❡❞❡♥❝❡✿ ❙tr✐❝t ❈②❝❧✐❝ ❱❡rs✐♦♥

❙②♥t❛①✿ ❡✈❡r② t✐♠❡ a2 t❤❡♥ a1 ❤❛s ❤❛♣♣❡♥❡❞ ❡①❛❝t❧② ♦♥❝❡ ❜❡❢♦r❡ ❊♥❣❧✐s❤ ❞❡s❝r✐♣t✐♦♥✿ ✏❊✈❡r② t✐♠❡ a2 ❤❛♣♣❡♥s✱ t❤❡♥ a1 ❤❛s ❤❛♣♣❡♥❡❞ ❜❡❢♦r❡✱ ❡①❛❝t❧② ♦♥❝❡ s✐♥❝❡ t❤❡ ❧❛st ♦❝❝✉rr❡♥❝❡ ♦❢ a2 ✭✐❢ ❛♥②✮✳✑ ❚✐♠❡❞ ❛✉t♦♠❛t♦♥✿ l0 l1 lb a1 a2 a2 a1 a1, a2 ❙t❛t❡❢✉❧ ❚✐♠❡❞ ❈❙P✿

P♦❜s . = P1 P1 . = (a2{v❜❛❞ := T} → PS) (a1 → P2) P2 . = (a1{v❜❛❞ := T} → PS) (a2 → P1)

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✶✺ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 19

❈♦♠♠♦♥ P❛tt❡r♥s P❛tt❡r♥s ❈❛t❛❧♦❣

❊✈❡♥t✉❛❧ ❘❡s♣♦♥s❡✿ ❆❝②❝❧✐❝ ❱❡rs✐♦♥ ✭✶✴✷✮

❙②♥t❛①✿ ✐❢ a1 t❤❡♥ ❡✈❡♥t✉❛❧❧② a2 ❊♥❣❧✐s❤ ❞❡s❝r✐♣t✐♦♥✿ ✏■❢ a1 ❤❛♣♣❡♥s✱ t❤❡♥ a2 ❡✈❡♥t✉❛❧❧② ❤❛♣♣❡♥s✳✑ ❚②♣✐❝❛❧ ✉s❡✿

✏❊✈❡r② t✐♠❡ ❛❝❝❡ss ✐s r❡q✉❡st❡❞✱ t❤❡♥ ❛❝❝❡ss ✐s ❡✈❡♥t✉❛❧❧② ❣r❛♥t❡❞✑ ✏❊✈❡r② t✐♠❡ ❛♥ ✐♥tr✉s✐♦♥ ♦❝❝✉rs✱ t❤❡♥ t❤❡ ❛❧❛r♠ ❡✈❡♥t✉❛❧❧② r✐♥❣s✑

❉♦❡s ♥♦t r❡q✉✐r❡ a1 t♦ ❤❛♣♣❡♥✦ ❚②♣✐❝❛❧ ❧✐✈❡♥❡ss ♣r♦♣❡rt②✶

✶❈❢✳ ❤tt♣s✿✴✴❝s✳♥②✉✳❡❞✉✴❛❝s②s✴❜❡②♦♥❞✲s❛❢❡t②✴❧✐✈❡♥❡ss✳❤t♠ ➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✶✻ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 20

❈♦♠♠♦♥ P❛tt❡r♥s P❛tt❡r♥s ❈❛t❛❧♦❣

❊✈❡♥t✉❛❧ ❘❡s♣♦♥s❡✿ ❆❝②❝❧✐❝ ❱❡rs✐♦♥ ✭✷✴✷✮

✐❢ a1 t❤❡♥ ❡✈❡♥t✉❛❧❧② a2 ❚✐♠❡❞ ❛✉t♦♠❛t♦♥✿ lg l1 l′

g

a1 a2 a2 a1 a1, a2 ❙t❛t❡❢✉❧ ❚✐♠❡❞ ❈❙P✿

P♦❜s . = (a2 → P♦❜s) (a1{v❣♦♦❞ := F} → P1) P1 . = (a1 → P1) (a2{v❣♦♦❞ := T} → PS)

❆❧s♦ ❡①✐sts ✐♥ ✏❝②❝❧✐❝✑ ❛♥❞ ✏str✐❝t ❝②❝❧✐❝✑ ✈❡rs✐♦♥s ✭❝❢✳ ♣❛♣❡r✮

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✶✼ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 21

❈♦♠♠♦♥ P❛tt❡r♥s P❛tt❡r♥s ❈❛t❛❧♦❣

❊✈❡♥t✉❛❧ ❘❡s♣♦♥s❡✿ ❆❝②❝❧✐❝ ❱❡rs✐♦♥ ✭✷✴✷✮

✐❢ a1 t❤❡♥ ❡✈❡♥t✉❛❧❧② a2 ❚✐♠❡❞ ❛✉t♦♠❛t♦♥✿ lg l1 l′

g

a1 a2 a2 a1 a1, a2 ❙t❛t❡❢✉❧ ❚✐♠❡❞ ❈❙P✿

P♦❜s . = (a2 → P♦❜s) (a1{v❣♦♦❞ := F} → P1) P1 . = (a1 → P1) (a2{v❣♦♦❞ := T} → PS)

❆❧s♦ ❡①✐sts ✐♥ ✏❝②❝❧✐❝✑ ❛♥❞ ✏str✐❝t ❝②❝❧✐❝✑ ✈❡rs✐♦♥s ✭❝❢✳ ♣❛♣❡r✮

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✶✼ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 22

❈♦♠♠♦♥ P❛tt❡r♥s P❛tt❡r♥s ❈❛t❛❧♦❣

❆❝t✐♦♥ ❇❡❢♦r❡ ❉❡❛❞❧✐♥❡ ✭✶✴✷✮

❙②♥t❛①✿ a ♥♦ ❧❛t❡r t❤❛♥ d ❊♥❣❧✐s❤ ❞❡s❝r✐♣t✐♦♥✿ ✏a ✇✐❧❧ ❤❛♣♣❡♥ ♥♦ ❧❛t❡r t❤❛♥ d ✉♥✐ts ♦❢ t✐♠❡ ❛❢t❡r t❤❡ s②st❡♠ st❛rt✳✑ ❚②♣✐❝❛❧ ✉s❡✿ s✐❣♥❛❧ ❝❤❛♥❣❡s ✐♥ ❤❛r❞✇❛r❡ ✈❡r✐✜❝❛t✐♦♥ ❙✐♠✐❧❛r t♦ t❤❡ ✏❞❡❛❞❧✐♥❡✑ ♣❛tt❡r♥ ✐♥ ❬❉♦♥❣ ❡t ❛❧✳✱ ✷✵✵✽❪

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✶✽ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 23

❈♦♠♠♦♥ P❛tt❡r♥s P❛tt❡r♥s ❈❛t❛❧♦❣

❆❝t✐♦♥ ❇❡❢♦r❡ ❉❡❛❞❧✐♥❡ ✭✷✴✷✮

a ♥♦ ❧❛t❡r t❤❛♥ d l0 l1 lb x♦❜s ≤ d x♦❜s := 0 a x♦❜s = d a a ❙t❛t❡❢✉❧ ❚✐♠❡❞ ❈❙P✿

P♦❜s . = (a → PS) t✐♠❡♦✉t[d]

  • (e♦❜s{v❜❛❞ := T} → PS) \ {e♦❜s}
  • ➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré

✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✶✾ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 24

❈♦♠♠♦♥ P❛tt❡r♥s P❛tt❡r♥s ❈❛t❛❧♦❣

❚✐♠❡✲❇♦✉♥❞❡❞ ❆❝t✐♦♥ Pr❡❝❡❞❡♥❝❡

❙②♥t❛①✿ ✐❢ a2 t❤❡♥ a1 ❤❛s ❤❛♣♣❡♥❡❞ ❛t ♠♦st d ✉♥✐ts ♦❢ t✐♠❡ ❜❡❢♦r❡ ❊♥❣❧✐s❤ ❞❡s❝r✐♣t✐♦♥✿ ✏■❢ a2 ❤❛♣♣❡♥s ❛t ❧❡❛st ♦♥❝❡✱ t❤❡♥ a1 ❤❛s ❤❛♣♣❡♥❡❞ ❛t ♠♦st d ✉♥✐ts ♦❢ t✐♠❡ ❜❡❢♦r❡ t❤❡ ✜rst ♦❝❝✉rr❡♥❝❡ ♦❢ a2✳✑ ❚✐♠❡❞ ❡①t❡♥s✐♦♥ ♦❢ t❤❡ ✏❆❝t✐♦♥ ♣r❡❝❡❞❡♥❝❡✑ ♣❛tt❡r♥ ❆❧s♦ ❡①✐sts ✐♥ ✏❝②❝❧✐❝✑ ❛♥❞ ✏str✐❝t ❝②❝❧✐❝✑ ✈❡rs✐♦♥s

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✷✵ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 25

❈♦♠♠♦♥ P❛tt❡r♥s P❛tt❡r♥s ❈❛t❛❧♦❣

❚✐♠❡✲❇♦✉♥❞❡❞ ❘❡s♣♦♥s❡

❙②♥t❛①✿ ✐❢ a1 t❤❡♥ ❡✈❡♥t✉❛❧❧② a2 ✇✐t❤✐♥ d ❊♥❣❧✐s❤ ❞❡s❝r✐♣t✐♦♥✿ ✏■❢ a1 ❤❛♣♣❡♥s✱ t❤❡♥ a2 ✇✐❧❧ ❡✈❡♥t✉❛❧❧② ❤❛♣♣❡♥ ✇✐t❤✐♥ d ✉♥✐ts ♦❢ t✐♠❡✳✑ ❚②♣✐❝❛❧ ✉s❡✿

✏■❢ ❛♥ ✐♥tr✉s✐♦♥ ♦❝❝✉rs✱ t❤❡♥ t❤❡ ❛❧❛r♠ ❡✈❡♥t✉❛❧❧② r✐♥❣s ✇✐t❤✐♥ 2 s❡❝♦♥❞s✑

❆❧s♦ ❦♥♦✇♥ ❛s t✐♠❡✲❜♦✉♥❞❡❞ ❧✐✈❡♥❡ss ❬❇❡❤r♠❛♥♥ ❡t ❛❧✳✱ ✷✵✵✺❪ ❚✐♠❡❞ ❡①t❡♥s✐♦♥ ♦❢ t❤❡ ✏❊✈❡♥t✉❛❧ r❡s♣♦♥s❡✑ ♣❛tt❡r♥ ❆❧s♦ ❡①✐sts ✐♥ ✏❝②❝❧✐❝✑ ❛♥❞ ✏str✐❝t ❝②❝❧✐❝✑ ✈❡rs✐♦♥s

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✷✶ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 26

❈♦♠♠♦♥ P❛tt❡r♥s P❛tt❡r♥s ❈❛t❛❧♦❣

❙❡q✉❡♥❝❡

❙②♥t❛①✿ s❡q✉❡♥❝❡ a1, . . . , an ❊♥❣❧✐s❤ ❞❡s❝r✐♣t✐♦♥✿ ✏❆❝t✐♦♥s a1, . . . , an ♠✉st ♦❝❝✉r ✐♥ t❤✐s ♦r❞❡r✳✑ ■♠♣♦s❡s ❛♥ ♦r❞❡r✱ ❜✉t ❞♦❡s r❡q✉✐r❡ t❤❡ ❛❝t✐♦♥s t♦ ❤❛♣♣❡♥ ❆❧s♦ ❡①✐sts ✐♥ ✏❝②❝❧✐❝✑ ✈❡rs✐♦♥

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✷✷ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 27

❈♦♠♠♦♥ P❛tt❡r♥s ❘❡♣❛rt✐t✐♦♥

❯s❡ ♦❢ t❤❡ P❛tt❡r♥s ✐♥ ❛ ❙❡t ♦❢ ❈❛s❡ ❙t✉❞✐❡s

P❛tt❡r♥ ◆❜ ❆♣♣❧✐❝❛t✐♦♥s ◆♦♥✲r❡❛❝❤❛❜✐❧✐t② ✾ Prt❝ ❆❧✇❛②s ❡♥❞ ✐♥ ❣♦♦❞ st❛t❡ ✷ ❍❲ Prt❝ ❆❝t✐♦♥ ♣r❡❝❡❞❡♥❝❡ ✷ ❍❲ ❊✈❡♥t✉❛❧ r❡s♣♦♥s❡ ✺ Prt❝ ❆❝t✐♦♥ ❜❡❢♦r❡ ❞❡❛❞❧✐♥❡ ✶ ❍❲ ❚✲❜♦✉♥❞❡❞ ❛❝t✐♦♥ ♣r❡❝❡❞❡♥❝❡ ✶ ❚✲❜♦✉♥❞❡❞ r❡s♣♦♥s❡ ✸ ❍❲ Prt❝ ❙❝❤❡❞ ❙❡q✉❡♥❝❡ ✶ ❍❲ ❈♦♠❜✐♥❛t✐♦♥s ✸ Prt❝ ❙❝❤❡❞ ❖t❤❡rs ✷ Prt❝

❇❛s❡❞ ♦♥ ✷✾ ❝❛s❡ st✉❞✐❡s ✭r❡❛❧✲t✐♠❡ s②st❡♠s✮

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✷✸ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 28

❈♦♥❝❧✉s✐♦♥ ❛♥❞ P❡rs♣❡❝t✐✈❡s

❖✉t❧✐♥❡

❲❤② ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s❄

❈♦♠♠♦♥ P❛tt❡r♥s

❈♦♥❝❧✉s✐♦♥ ❛♥❞ P❡rs♣❡❝t✐✈❡s

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✷✹ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 29

❈♦♥❝❧✉s✐♦♥ ❛♥❞ P❡rs♣❡❝t✐✈❡s

❈♦♥❝❧✉s✐♦♥

❖❜s❡r✈❡r ♣❛tt❡r♥s

❈♦♠♠♦♥ ♣r♦♣❡rt✐❡s ■♥t✉✐t✐✈❡ s②♥t❛① ❘❡❛❝❤❛❜✐❧✐t②✲❜❛s❡❞ ❢♦r♠❛❧ s❡♠❛♥t✐❝s ▲✐♠✐t❡❞ ❡①♣r❡ss✐✈❡♥❡ss

❊①t❡♥❞s t♦ ♣❛r❛♠❡t❡r s②♥t❤❡s✐s

P❛r❛♠❡t❡r✐③❡❞ ✈❡rs✐♦♥ ♦❢ t❤❡ ♣❛tt❡r♥s

❊✳❣✳✿ ✏✐❢ a1 t❤❡♥ ❡✈❡♥t✉❛❧❧② a2 ✇✐t❤✐♥ p✑✱ ✇✐t❤ p ❛ ♣❛r❛♠❡t❡r

■♠♣❧❡♠❡♥t❡❞ ✐♥ ■♠✐t❛t♦r ❬❆✳✱ ❋r✐❜♦✉r❣✱ ❑ü❤♥❡✱ ❙♦✉❧❛t✱ ✷✵✶✷❪

❊①t❡♥❞s t♦ st❛t❡✲ ❛♥❞ ✈❛r✐❛❜❧❡s✲❜❛s❡❞ ♣r♦♣❡rt✐❡s❄

❙♦ ❢❛r✿ ❛❝t✐♦♥✲❜❛s❡❞ ◆♦ t❤❡♦r❡t✐❝❛❧ ♣r♦❜❧❡♠ ❢♦r st❛t❡ ❛♥❞ ✈❛r✐❛❜❧❡s ❇✉t ✇❤❛t ❛❜♦✉t s②♥❝❤r♦♥✐③❛t✐♦♥❄

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✷✺ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 30

❈♦♥❝❧✉s✐♦♥ ❛♥❞ P❡rs♣❡❝t✐✈❡s

P❡rs♣❡❝t✐✈❡s

❲❤❛t ❛❜♦✉t ❧✐✈❡♥❡ss❄

❘❡q✉✐r❡s ❇ü❝❤✐ ❝♦♥❞✐t✐♦♥s ✐♥ t❤❡ ♦❜s❡r✈❡rs

❆❞❞ ❛ ❧✐♠✐t❡❞ ❞♦s❡ ♦❢ ❝♦♠♣♦s✐t✐♦♥❛❧✐t②

❈♦♠❜✐♥❛t✐♦♥ ♦❢ ♣❛tt❡r♥s

❊①❛♠♣❧❡✿ ✏❬s❡q✉❡♥❝❡ a✱ b✱ c❪ ✇✐t❤✐♥ ✶✵ s❡❝♦♥❞s✑ ✭❙❡q✉❡♥❝❡ ✰ ♥❡✇ ✏✇✐t❤✐♥✑ ♣❛tt❡r♥✮

Pr♦♣♦s❡ ❛ ❜♦✉♥❞❡❞ ❞❡♣t❤ ❢♦r ✇❡❧❧✲❢♦r♠❡❞♥❡ss❄

❙❡♠❛♥t✐❝ ❡q✉✐✈❛❧❡♥❝❡ ❜❡t✇❡❡♥ t❤❡ ✐♠♣❧❡♠❡♥t❛t✐♦♥ ♦❢ t❤❡ ♣❛tt❡r♥s ✐♥ t✐♠❡❞ ❛✉t♦♠❛t❛ ❛♥❞ ❙t❛t❡❢✉❧ ❚✐♠❡❞ ❈❙P r❡s♣❡❝t✐✈❡❧② ❘❡✉s❡ s♦♠❡ ♦❢ t❤❡ ♠♦st ❝♦♠♠♦♥ ❡①✐st✐♥❣ ✏♣❛tt❡r♥s✑

❬❑❤❛t✐❜ ❡t ❛❧✳✱ ✷✵✵✶✱ ▼❡❦❦✐ ❡t ❛❧✳✱ ✷✵✵✾❪

■♠♣r♦✈❡ t❤❡ ❊♥❣❧✐s❤ ❞❡s❝r✐♣t✐♦♥

❚❛❦❡ ❝♦♠♣♦s✐t✐♦♥❛❧✐t② ✐♥t♦ ❛❝❝♦✉♥t

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✷✻ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 31

❇✐❜❧✐♦❣r❛♣❤②

❇✐❜❧✐♦❣r❛♣❤②

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✷✼ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 32

❇✐❜❧✐♦❣r❛♣❤②

❘❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s ■

❆❝❡t♦✱ ▲✳✱ ❇♦✉②❡r✱ P✳✱ ❇✉r❣✉❡ñ♦✱ ❆✳✱ ❛♥❞ ▲❛rs❡♥✱ ❑✳ ●✳ ✭✶✾✾✽❛✮✳ ❚❤❡ ♣♦✇❡r ♦❢ r❡❛❝❤❛❜✐❧✐t② t❡st✐♥❣ ❢♦r t✐♠❡❞ ❛✉t♦♠❛t❛✳ ■♥ ❆r✈✐♥❞✱ ❱✳ ❛♥❞ ❘❛♠❛♥✉❥❛♠✱ ❘✳✱ ❡❞✐t♦rs✱ ❋❙❚❚❈❙✬✾✽✱ ✈♦❧✉♠❡ ✶✺✸✵ ♦❢ ▲❡❝t✉r❡ ◆♦t❡s ✐♥ ❈♦♠♣✉t❡r ❙❝✐❡♥❝❡✱ ♣❛❣❡s ✷✹✺✕✷✺✻✳ ❙♣r✐♥❣❡r✳ ❆❝❡t♦✱ ▲✳✱ ❇✉r❣✉❡ñ♦✱ ❆✳✱ ❛♥❞ ▲❛rs❡♥✱ ❑✳ ●✳ ✭✶✾✾✽❜✮✳ ▼♦❞❡❧ ❝❤❡❝❦✐♥❣ ✈✐❛ r❡❛❝❤❛❜✐❧✐t② t❡st✐♥❣ ❢♦r t✐♠❡❞ ❛✉t♦♠❛t❛✳ ■♥ ❚❆❈❆❙✬✾✽✱ ✈♦❧✉♠❡ ✶✸✽✹ ♦❢ ▲❡❝t✉r❡ ◆♦t❡s ✐♥ ❈♦♠♣✉t❡r ❙❝✐❡♥❝❡✱ ♣❛❣❡s ✷✻✸✕✷✽✵✳ ❙♣r✐♥❣❡r✳ ❆❧✉r✱ ❘✳ ❛♥❞ ❉✐❧❧✱ ❉✳ ▲✳ ✭✶✾✾✹✮✳ ❆ t❤❡♦r② ♦❢ t✐♠❡❞ ❛✉t♦♠❛t❛✳ ❚❤❡♦r❡t✐❝❛❧ ❈♦♠♣✉t❡r ❙❝✐❡♥❝❡✱ ✶✷✻✭✷✮✿✶✽✸✕✷✸✺✳ ❆♥❞ré✱ ➱✳✱ ❋r✐❜♦✉r❣✱ ▲✳✱ ❑ü❤♥❡✱ ❯✳✱ ❛♥❞ ❙♦✉❧❛t✱ ❘✳ ✭✷✵✶✷✮✳ ■▼■❚❆❚❖❘ ✷✳✺✿ ❆ t♦♦❧ ❢♦r ❛♥❛❧②③✐♥❣ r♦❜✉st♥❡ss ✐♥ s❝❤❡❞✉❧✐♥❣ ♣r♦❜❧❡♠s✳ ■♥ ❋▼✬✶✷✱ ✈♦❧✉♠❡ ✼✹✸✻ ♦❢ ▲❡❝t✉r❡ ◆♦t❡s ✐♥ ❈♦♠♣✉t❡r ❙❝✐❡♥❝❡✱ ♣❛❣❡s ✸✸✕✸✻✳ ❙♣r✐♥❣❡r✳ ❇❛✐❡r✱ ❈✳ ❛♥❞ ❑❛t♦❡♥✱ ❏✳✲P✳ ✭✷✵✵✽✮✳ Pr✐♥❝✐♣❧❡s ♦❢ ♠♦❞❡❧ ❝❤❡❝❦✐♥❣✳ ▼■❚ Pr❡ss✳

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✷✽ ✴ ✷✻

slide-33
SLIDE 33

❇✐❜❧✐♦❣r❛♣❤②

❘❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s ■■

❇❡❤r♠❛♥♥✱ ●✳✱ ▲❛rs❡♥✱ ❑✳ ●✳✱ ❛♥❞ ❘❛s♠✉ss❡♥✱ ❏✳ ■✳ ✭✷✵✵✺✮✳ ❇❡②♦♥❞ ❧✐✈❡♥❡ss✿ ❊✣❝✐❡♥t ♣❛r❛♠❡t❡r s②♥t❤❡s✐s ❢♦r t✐♠❡ ❜♦✉♥❞❡❞ ❧✐✈❡♥❡ss✳ ■♥ ❋❖❘▼❆❚❙✬✵✺✱ ✈♦❧✉♠❡ ✸✽✷✾ ♦❢ ▲❡❝t✉r❡ ◆♦t❡s ✐♥ ❈♦♠♣✉t❡r ❙❝✐❡♥❝❡✱ ♣❛❣❡s ✽✶✕✾✹✳ ❙♣r✐♥❣❡r✳ ❈❤♦♣♣②✱ ❈✳ ❛♥❞ ❘❡❣❣✐♦✱ ●✳ ✭✷✵✵✻✮✳ ❆ ❢♦r♠❛❧❧② ❣r♦✉♥❞❡❞ s♦❢t✇❛r❡ s♣❡❝✐✜❝❛t✐♦♥ ♠❡t❤♦❞✳ ❏♦✉r♥❛❧ ♦❢ ▲♦❣✐❝ ❛♥❞ ❆❧❣❡❜r❛✐❝ Pr♦❣r❛♠♠✐♥❣✱ ✻✼✭✶✲✷✮✿✺✷✕✽✻✳ ❉♦♥❣✱ ❏✳ ❙✳✱ ❍❛♦✱ P✳✱ ◗✐♥✱ ❙✳✱ ❙✉♥✱ ❏✳✱ ❛♥❞ ❨✐✱ ❲✳ ✭✷✵✵✽✮✳ ❚✐♠❡❞ ❛✉t♦♠❛t❛ ♣❛tt❡r♥s✳ ■❊❊❊ ❚r❛♥s❛❝t✐♦♥s ♦♥ ❙♦❢t✇❛r❡ ❊♥❣✐♥❡❡r✐♥❣✱ ✸✹✭✻✮✿✽✹✹✕✽✺✾✳

  • ❛♠♠❛✱ ❊✳✱ ❍❡❧♠✱ ❘✳✱ ❏♦❤♥s♦♥✱ ❘✳✱ ❛♥❞ ❱❧✐ss✐❞❡s✱ ❏✳ ✭✶✾✾✺✮✳

❉❡s✐❣♥ ♣❛tt❡r♥s✿ ❊❧❡♠❡♥ts ♦❢ r❡✉s❛❜❧❡ ♦❜❥❡❝t✲♦r✐❡♥t❡❞ s♦❢t✇❛r❡✳ ❆❞❞✐s♦♥✲❲❡s❧❡② ▲♦♥❣♠❛♥ P✉❜❧✐s❤✐♥❣ ❈♦✳✱ ■♥❝✳ ❍❛♥✱ ❋✳✱ ❍❡rr♠❛♥♥✱ P✳✱ ❛♥❞ ▲❡✱ ❍✳ ✭✷✵✶✸✮✳ ▼♦❞❡❧✐♥❣ ❛♥❞ ✈❡r✐❢②✐♥❣ r❡❛❧✲t✐♠❡ ♣r♦♣❡rt✐❡s ♦❢ r❡❛❝t✐✈❡ s②st❡♠s✳ ■♥ ■❈❊❈❈❙✬✶✸✱ ♣❛❣❡s ✶✹✕✷✸✳ ■❊❊❊ ❈♦♠♣✉t❡r ❙♦❝✐❡t②✳

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✷✾ ✴ ✷✻

slide-34
SLIDE 34

❇✐❜❧✐♦❣r❛♣❤②

❘❡❢❡r❡♥❝❡s ■■■

❑❤❛t✐❜✱ ▲✳✱ ▼✉s❝❡tt♦❧❛✱ ◆✳✱ ❛♥❞ ❍❛✈❡❧✉♥❞✱ ❑✳ ✭✷✵✵✶✮✳ ▼❛♣♣✐♥❣ t❡♠♣♦r❛❧ ♣❧❛♥♥✐♥❣ ❝♦♥str❛✐♥ts ✐♥t♦ t✐♠❡❞ ❛✉t♦♠❛t❛✳ ■♥ ❚■▼❊✬✵✶✱ ♣❛❣❡s ✷✶✕✷✼✳ ■❊❊❊ ❈♦♠♣✉t❡r ❙♦❝✐❡t②✳ ▼❡❦❦✐✱ ❆✳✱ ●❤❛③❡❧✱ ▼✳✱ ❛♥❞ ❚♦❣✉②❡♥✐✱ ❆✳ ✭✷✵✵✾✮✳ ❱❛❧✐❞❛t✐♥❣ t✐♠❡✲❝♦♥str❛✐♥❡❞ s②st❡♠s ✉s✐♥❣ ❯▼▲ st❛t❡❝❤❛rts ♣❛tt❡r♥s ❛♥❞ t✐♠❡❞ ❛✉t♦♠❛t❛ ♦❜s❡r✈❡rs✳ ■♥ ❱❊❈♦❙✬✵✾✱ ♣❛❣❡s ✶✶✷✕✶✷✹✳ ❇r✐t✐s❤ ❈♦♠♣✉t❡r ❙♦❝✐❡t②✳ P♥✉❡❧✐✱ ❆✳ ✭✶✾✼✼✮✳ ❚❤❡ t❡♠♣♦r❛❧ ❧♦❣✐❝ ♦❢ ♣r♦❣r❛♠s✳ ■♥ ❋❖❈❙✬✼✼✱ ♣❛❣❡s ✹✻✕✺✼✳ ■❊❊❊ ❈♦♠♣✉t❡r ❙♦❝✐❡t②✳ ❘❡❣❣✐♦✱ ●✳✱ ❆st❡s✐❛♥♦✱ ❊✳✱ ❛♥❞ ❈❤♦♣♣②✱ ❈✳ ✭✷✵✵✸✮✳ ❈❆❙▲✲▲❚▲ ✿ ❆ ❈❆❙▲ ❡①t❡♥s✐♦♥ ❢♦r ❞②♥❛♠✐❝ r❡❛❝t✐✈❡ s②st❡♠s ✈❡rs✐♦♥ ✶✳✵✕ s✉♠♠❛r②✳ ❚❡❝❤♥✐❝❛❧ ❘❡♣♦rt ♦❢ ❉■❙■✳ ❙✉♥✱ ❏✳✱ ▲✐✉✱ ❨✳✱ ❉♦♥❣✱ ❏✳ ❙✳✱ ▲✐✉✱ ❨✳✱ ❙❤✐✱ ▲✳✱ ❛♥❞ ❆♥❞ré✱ ➱✳ ✭✷✵✶✸✮✳ ▼♦❞❡❧✐♥❣ ❛♥❞ ✈❡r✐❢②✐♥❣ ❤✐❡r❛r❝❤✐❝❛❧ r❡❛❧✲t✐♠❡ s②st❡♠s ✉s✐♥❣ ❙t❛t❡❢✉❧ ❚✐♠❡❞ ❈❙P✳ ❆❈▼ ❚r❛♥s❛❝t✐♦♥s ♦♥ ❙♦❢t✇❛r❡ ❊♥❣✐♥❡❡r✐♥❣ ❛♥❞ ▼❡t❤♦❞♦❧♦❣②✱ ✷✷✭✶✮✿✸✳✶✕✸✳✷✾✳

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✸✵ ✴ ✷✻

slide-35
SLIDE 35

❊①♣❧❛♥❛t✐♦♥

❆❞❞✐t✐♦♥❛❧ ❡①♣❧❛♥❛t✐♦♥

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✸✶ ✴ ✷✻

slide-36
SLIDE 36

❊①♣❧❛♥❛t✐♦♥

❊①♣❧❛♥❛t✐♦♥ ❢♦r t❤❡ ✹ ♣✐❝t✉r❡s ✐♥ t❤❡ ❜❡❣✐♥♥✐♥❣

❆❧❧✉s✐♦♥ t♦ t❤❡ ◆♦rt❤❡❛st ❜❧❛❝❦♦✉t ✭❯❙❆✱ ✷✵✵✸✮ ❈♦♠♣✉t❡r ❜✉❣ ❈♦♥s❡q✉❡♥❝❡s✿ ✶✶ ❢❛t❛❧✐t✐❡s✱ ❤✉❣❡ ❝♦st ✭P✐❝t✉r❡ ❛❝t✉❛❧❧② ❢r♦♠ t❤❡ ❙❛♥❞② ❍✉rr✐❝❛♥❡✱ ✷✵✶✷✮ ❆❧❧✉s✐♦♥ t♦ ❛♥② ♣❧❛♥❡ ❝r❛s❤ ✭P✐❝t✉r❡ ❛❝t✉❛❧❧② ❢r♦♠ t❤❡ ❤❛♣♣②✲❡♥❞✐♥❣ ❯❙ ❆✐r✇❛②s ❋❧✐❣❤t ✶✺✹✾✱ ✷✵✵✾✮ ❆❧❧✉s✐♦♥ t♦ t❤❡ s✐♥❦✐♥❣ ♦❢ t❤❡ ❙❧❡✐♣♥❡r ❆ ♦✛s❤♦r❡ ♣❧❛t❢♦r♠ ✭◆♦r✇❛②✱ ✶✾✾✶✮ ◆♦ ❢❛t❛❧✐t✐❡s ❈♦♠♣✉t❡r ❜✉❣✿ ✐♥❛❝❝✉r❛t❡ ✜♥✐t❡ ❡❧❡♠❡♥t ❛♥❛❧②s✐s ♠♦❞❡❧✐♥❣ ✭P✐❝t✉r❡ ❛❝t✉❛❧❧② ❢r♦♠ t❤❡ ❉❡❡♣✇❛t❡r ❍♦r✐③♦♥ ❖✛s❤♦r❡ ❉r✐❧❧✐♥❣ P❧❛t❢♦r♠✮ ❆❧❧✉s✐♦♥ t♦ t❤❡ ▼■▼✲✶✵✹ P❛tr✐♦t ▼✐ss✐❧❡ ❋❛✐❧✉r❡ ✭■r❛q✱ ✶✾✾✶✮ ✷✽ ❢❛t❛❧✐t✐❡s✱ ❤✉♥❞r❡❞s ♦❢ ✐♥❥✉r❡❞ ❈♦♠♣✉t❡r ❜✉❣✿ s♦❢t✇❛r❡ ❡rr♦r ✭❝❧♦❝❦ ❞r✐❢t✮ ✭P✐❝t✉r❡ ♦❢ ❛♥ ❛❝t✉❛❧ ▼■▼✲✶✵✹ P❛tr✐♦t ▼✐ss✐❧❡✱ t❤♦✉❣❤ ♥♦t t❤❡ ♦♥❡ ♦❢ ✶✾✾✶✮

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✸✷ ✴ ✷✻

slide-37
SLIDE 37

▲✐❝❡♥s✐♥❣

▲✐❝❡♥s✐♥❣

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✸✸ ✴ ✷✻

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SLIDE 38

▲✐❝❡♥s✐♥❣

❙♦✉r❝❡ ♦❢ t❤❡ ❣r❛♣❤✐❝s ✉s❡❞ ✭✶✴✷✮

❚✐t❧❡✿ ❍✉rr✐❝❛♥❡ ❙❛♥❞② ❇❧❛❝❦♦✉t ◆❡✇ ❨♦r❦ ❙❦②❧✐♥❡ ❆✉t❤♦r✿ ❉❛✈✐❞ ❙❤❛♥❦❜♦♥❡ ❙♦✉r❝❡✿ ❤tt♣s✿✴✴❝♦♠♠♦♥s✳✇✐❦✐♠❡❞✐❛✳♦r❣✴✇✐❦✐✴❋✐❧❡✿❍✉rr✐❝❛♥❡❴❙❛♥❞②❴❇❧❛❝❦♦✉t❴◆❡✇❴❨♦r❦❴❙❦②❧✐♥❡✳❏P● ▲✐❝❡♥s❡✿ ❈❈ ❇❨ ✸✳✵ ❚✐t❧❡✿ ▼✐r❛❝❧❡ ♦♥ t❤❡ ❍✉❞s♦♥ ❆✉t❤♦r✿ ❏❛♥✐s ❑r✉♠s ✭❝r♦♣♣❡❞ ❜② ➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré✮ ❙♦✉r❝❡✿ ❤tt♣s✿✴✴s❡❝✉r❡✳❢❧✐❝❦r✳❝♦♠✴♣❤♦t♦s✴❞❛✈✐❞✇❛tts✶✾✼✽✴✸✶✾✾✹✵✺✹✵✶✴ ▲✐❝❡♥s❡✿ ❈❈ ❇❨ ✷✳✵ ❚✐t❧❡✿ ❉❡❡♣✇❛t❡r ❍♦r✐③♦♥ ❖✛s❤♦r❡ ❉r✐❧❧✐♥❣ P❧❛t❢♦r♠ ♦♥ ❋✐r❡ ❆✉t❤♦r✿ ✐❞❡✉♠ ❙♦✉r❝❡✿ ❤tt♣s✿✴✴s❡❝✉r❡✳❢❧✐❝❦r✳❝♦♠✴♣❤♦t♦s✴✐❞❡✉♠✴✹✼✶✶✹✽✶✼✽✶✴ ▲✐❝❡♥s❡✿ ❈❈ ❇❨✲❙❆ ✷✳✵ ❚✐t❧❡✿ ❉❆✲❙❈✲✽✽✲✵✶✻✻✸ ❆✉t❤♦r✿ ✐♠❝♦♠❦♦r❡❛ ❙♦✉r❝❡✿ ❤tt♣s✿✴✴s❡❝✉r❡✳❢❧✐❝❦r✳❝♦♠✴♣❤♦t♦s✴✐♠❝♦♠❦♦r❡❛✴✸✵✶✼✽✽✻✼✻✵✴ ▲✐❝❡♥s❡✿ ❈❈ ❇❨✲◆❈✲◆❉ ✷✳✵

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✸✹ ✴ ✷✻

slide-39
SLIDE 39

▲✐❝❡♥s✐♥❣

❙♦✉r❝❡ ♦❢ t❤❡ ❣r❛♣❤✐❝s ✉s❡❞ ✭✷✴✷✮

❚✐t❧❡✿ ❙♠✐❧❡② ❣r❡❡♥ ❛❧✐❡♥ ❜✐❣ ❡②❡s ✭❛❛❛❤✮ ❆✉t❤♦r✿ ▲❛❞②♦❢❍❛ts ❙♦✉r❝❡✿ ❤tt♣s✿✴✴❝♦♠♠♦♥s✳✇✐❦✐♠❡❞✐❛✳♦r❣✴✇✐❦✐✴❋✐❧❡✿❙♠✐❧❡②❴❣r❡❡♥❴❛❧✐❡♥❴❜✐❣❴❡②❡s✳s✈❣ ▲✐❝❡♥s❡✿ ♣✉❜❧✐❝ ❞♦♠❛✐♥ ❚✐t❧❡✿ ❙♠✐❧❡② ❣r❡❡♥ ❛❧✐❡♥ ❜✐❣ ❡②❡s ✭❝r②✮ ❆✉t❤♦r✿ ▲❛❞②♦❢❍❛ts ❙♦✉r❝❡✿ ❤tt♣s✿✴✴❝♦♠♠♦♥s✳✇✐❦✐♠❡❞✐❛✳♦r❣✴✇✐❦✐✴❋✐❧❡✿❙♠✐❧❡②❴❣r❡❡♥❴❛❧✐❡♥❴❜✐❣❴❡②❡s✳s✈❣ ▲✐❝❡♥s❡✿ ♣✉❜❧✐❝ ❞♦♠❛✐♥

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✸✺ ✴ ✷✻

slide-40
SLIDE 40

▲✐❝❡♥s✐♥❣

▲✐❝❡♥s❡ ♦❢ t❤✐s ❞♦❝✉♠❡♥t

❚❤✐s ♣r❡s❡♥t❛t✐♦♥ ❝❛♥ ❜❡ ♣✉❜❧✐s❤❡❞✱ r❡✉s❡❞ ❛♥❞ ♠♦❞✐✜❡❞ ✉♥❞❡r t❤❡ t❡r♠s ♦❢ t❤❡ ❧✐❝❡♥s❡ ❈r❡❛t✐✈❡ ❈♦♠♠♦♥s ❆ttr✐❜✉t✐♦♥✲❙❤❛r❡❆❧✐❦❡ ✸✳✵ ❯♥♣♦rt❡❞ ✭❈❈ ❇❨✲❙❆ ✸✳✵✮

✭▲

❚ ❊❳ s♦✉r❝❡ ❛✈❛✐❧❛❜❧❡ ♦♥ ❞❡♠❛♥❞✮

❆✉t❤♦r✿ ➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ❤tt♣s✿✴✴❝r❡❛t✐✈❡❝♦♠♠♦♥s✳♦r❣✴❧✐❝❡♥s❡s✴❜②✲s❛✴✸✳✵✴

➱t✐❡♥♥❡ ❆♥❞ré ✭P❛r✐s ✶✸✮ ❖❜s❡r✈❡r P❛tt❡r♥s ✶✽t❤ ❏✉❧② ✷✵✶✸ ✸✻ ✴ ✷✻