Restoration targets for biodiversity depleted environments Bruce D. - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Restoration targets for biodiversity depleted environments Bruce D. Clarkson Hawkes Bay Biodiversity 22 May 2018 The threatened environment classification Indicates how much indigenous cover remains, and therefore, differing levels of
Restoration targets for biodiversity depleted environments
Bruce D. Clarkson
22 May 2018 Hawke’s Bay Biodiversity
Indicates how much indigenous cover remains, and therefore, differing levels of threat. It illustrates how past loss of indigenous cover and natural heritage protection are distributed across New Zealand’s land (TEC 2012: from Cieraad et al., 2015).
[Hanski 2015: Journal of Biogeography]
city < 2.0% indigenous vegetation
Removing weeds and pests Buffering Expanding and connecting In cities like Hamilton, Napier, Hastings and
Moving beyond revegetation Target ecosystems/habitats Full assemblages and species occupancy Building habitat for all components of ecosystems;
not just bringing back birds
Age 0 years Age 200 years
“The ultimate challenge for ecologists is to reconstruct ecosystems”
(AD Bradshaw; 1983)
abccoolimages.com
Target: Kahikatea/Pukatea- Swamp Maire forest
ALLUVIAL PLAINS
Low lying floodplain Occasional flooding Predominant lowland Includes swamp maire Understorey ponga, mapou Hangehange, kiekie and supplejack. Ferns, herbs, grasses & sedges
Mangaiti Onukutara
Kauri/Kanuka (ridge crest) Tawa/Rimu (hillslope) Kahikatea-Pukatea-Waiwaka (semi-swamp) Harakeke (lake margin/ swamp) Lake/aquatic habitat Recommended covenant area
60 ha; first tree planted in 2004!
Pre-Halo breeding success <30% Bait stations in 75 metre grids during breeding season: Sep – Jan Populations controlled for 3 years then rested for 2 years
Nga manu images
Reported sightings: 2007: 11 2008: 28
First nest 2007! Sightings peaked in 2009 when the birds were a real novelty, now they are becoming the norm and reports of sightings have dropped off.
WRC 2012
Mike Locke
hihi kaka kiwi
P Brown
tieke
Hamilton City: Restore the gullies and link them to the river, the lakes and forest remnants Potential 810 of 9427 hectares; 8.6% Restore 10 hectares Reconstruct 190 hectares
Curve A: 7 cities Curve B: 7 cities Curve C: 5 cities Curve D: 1 city
10 20 30 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Native cover (%)
Distance from urban core (km)
New Plymouth: D Hamilton: A
Clarkson, Wehi & Brabyn 2007: A spatial analysis of indigenous cover patterns and implications for ecological restoration in urban centres, New Zealand
Nelson: B Wellington: C
2 4 6 8 10
indigenous cover (%)
0 km 5 km 10 km 20 km
Napier (TYPE A Curve)
Images and data: QEII trust
Kent Terrace
Friend’s Bush
Google Earth
Otatara Pa
Westshore Wildlife Reserve
Google Earth
species: rimu, totara, kauri, karaka
Bay Ryan
Hoheria angustifolia Coprosma virescens
Southern Woods Nursery, Phil Bendle, Pukerau nursery, cops.org.nz
Plagianthus regius Coprosma crassifolia Pittosporum obcordatum Pittosporum ralphii
Southern Woods Nursery, Phil Bendle, Pukerau nursery, cops.org.nz
Filtering air and water Cooling heat islands Co-use corridors Social cohesion Carbon sequestration to counteract
Health and recreation benefits
[adapted from: http://www.conservationmagazine.org/2014/02/7-benefits-bringing-nature-back-cities/]