Responding to Horticulture Inquiries Field horsetail Weeds/Invasive - - PDF document

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Responding to Horticulture Inquiries Field horsetail Weeds/Invasive - - PDF document

Feb 05, 2023 46 likes •138 views

5/3/2016 Responding to Horticulture Inquiries Field horsetail Weeds/Invasive plants (Marestail) Dutchmans breeches battling garlic mustard Winter annual in WI In WI germinates in fall, overwinters Can germinate in spring South

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5/3/2016 1

Responding to Horticulture Inquiries Weeds/Invasive plants

Mark Renz mrenz@wisc.edu fyi.uwex.edu/weedsci

Dutchman’s breeches battling garlic mustard Typical spring/summer Extended fall growing season

What species do well when we have extended fall?

  • Perennial species that continue to grow until a

hard freeze

– Lawns: Creeping charlie – Pastures/grasslands: Canada thistle – Forests/natural areas: Buckthorn/honeysuckle

  • Biennials

– Burdock, plumeless thistle, garlic mustard

  • Winter Annuals (if we get fall precip.)

– Chickweed, field pennycress, Shepard's purse

Field horsetail (Marestail)

  • Winter annual in

WI

– In WI germinates in fall, overwinters – Can germinate in spring

  • South of WI
  • Glyphosate

resistance

What about winter?

Mild Temps and ample snow = survival of

  • Perennials
  • Biennials
  • Winter

annuals

What about spring?

  • While variable, fairly typical spring…..
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5/3/2016 2

Weedometer

  • http://weedecology.wisc.edu/weedometer/

E

All things turf Turf Weed Management Cultural Management Strategies

  • Promote a healthy and dense turfgrass stand
  • Weeds often appear due to gaps in the turf

– Either due to mismanagement

  • Mowing too low, poor fertilization, excessive traffic

– Poor environmental conditions

  • Water, Sunlight, temperature, etc……
  • More information at the learning store

– A3700, A3710, A2303, A3435

Turfgrass species can have an impact on weed management

  • Fine fescues will have less weeds issues than

Kentucky bluegrass

– Chewings and hard fine fescue varieties best

Herbicides remove weeds in turf

  • Can apply (PRE or POST), spray or granular
  • If poor environmental conditions/

mismanagement continues weeds will return

  • If improvements made the frequency of

treatments can be significantly reduced if not eliminated.

Management strategies in turf vary by weed species/life history

  • 1. Annual weeds (knotweed, speedwell,

crabgrass)

– Sign of thin turf. Try to identify why weeds are present and correct. – PRE herbicide: apply before germinate – POST herbicide: apply when small

  • 2. Perennial weeds (dandelions, quackgrass)

– POST only, time to weed species

  • Fall is a great time for most species (but not all)
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5/3/2016 3

Turf weed management questions? Weed Identification

  • Many resources available, pick the one that

fits your needs!

  • Make sure source is reputable/trusted

Resources UWEX will point you to

  • GENERAL RESOURCES

– Weed ID Website: http://weedid.wisc.edu – Weeds of the Northeast (book) – Weeds of Ontario (book)

  • INVASIVE PLANTS

– DNR NR40 Guide (field guide) – Invasive Plant videos (my website/YouTube) – Invasive plant factsheets (learning store/my website)

Weed ID TOOL http://weedid.wisc.edu

  • 355 of the most

common weeds of Wisconsin entered

  • Allows for selection
  • f known traits to

reduce the potential weeds that fit this criteria

Who am I?

  • I emerge early in spring
  • I am a perennial
  • I have alternate leaves
  • I am common in flower

beds

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5/3/2016 4

Creeping Bellflower ID from Factsheet

  • Leaves: 1–3” long, alternate. Lower leaves have long purple petioles and

are heart‐shaped. Upper leaves lack petioles (sessile) and are lance‐

  • shaped. Leaves are hairy on the lower surface, particularly along midrib,

and have a toothed margin.

  • Flowers: Late spring to fall. Individual flowers ascend along one side of the

flowering stem (raceme). Flowers are 0.75–1.25” long, five‐lobed, blue‐ purple, bell‐shaped, and slightly nodding.

  • Fruits and seeds: Round capsule, 0.3” in diameter that contains 50–150

seeds.

  • Roots: Rhizomes up to 6” deep with vertical storage roots. Readily

regenerates from perennial tissue (rhizomes and perennial roots).

  • Similar species: Harebell (Campanula rotundifolia, native) is distinguished

by flowers borne in clusters and shorter stems (4–15” tall) that are not

  • erect. The oval‐shaped lower leaves generally fall off as the plant matures.

Factsheet and Video

  • Factsheet has great control info:

– Chemical/nonchemical control – Timings to apply management – Expected level of control

  • Other ID Resources

– Video: Go to my website (fyi.uwex.edu/weedsci) or YouTube and search for creeping bellflower

Why are perennials like creeping bellflower so hard to control?

  • Have perennial tissue that allow them to

resprout after management

– STORED ENERGY

  • Manual removal recommendations:
  • 1. Removed all perennial roots from top 6 inches
  • Use a pitchfork/screen to ensure all are removed
  • 2. Scout area for new plants
  • for resprouting shoots (1‐2 years)
  • Seedlings germinating from seedbank (3‐5 years)

Creeping bellflower roots Invasive plants

Japanese hedgeparsley

What is an invasive plant?

  • A non‐native plant that causes economic,

environmental impact to WI or harm to human health

  • We have an invasive species rule that

regulates invasive species (NR:40)

– Updated (May 2015) – Over 130 new plants added

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5/3/2016 5

Invasive Plant Resources

  • fyi.uwex.edu/weedsci:

– Links to videos, factsheets and other info

  • www.ipaw.org:

– State invasive plant organization

  • www.mipn.org:

– Control database – Regional updates on spread/activities

SOME ornamental are invasive Callery (Bradford) Pear Callery pear invading a natural area adjacent to Research Park UW Research Park

  • Some were planted, but clearly many

escaped cultivation

  • 119 plants were not planted (escaped)

INFORMING CONSUMERS ABOUT BETTER CHOICES

SMART PHONE APPLICATION

  • Benefits
  • Reach more

people

  • Provide more

information than brochure

  • Product that’s with

you at all times

  • Apple & Android

versions now available

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SLIDE 6

5/3/2016 6

iPhone and iPad:

  • Go to the App Store and search for “landscape

alternatives”

Android:

  • https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.

bugwood.landscapealternatives

  • OR search for “Bugwood Android apps” in your web

browser

HOW TO GET THE (FREE!) APP

Invasive Plant Research in WI

  • Creating models to predict spread of invasive

plants in Wisconsin

– Historical and future climate conditions

  • Models can help predict impact of species and

guide regulations

  • Models can also help land managers with

monitoring

Phragmites Phragmites

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5/3/2016 7

Phragmites Drivers of Suitable Habitat ‐ Parsnip

Distance to roads Summer precipitation Percent tree cover

Species in model development

Common Name Scientific Name Number of Presences Model Complete Insufficient presence points Prohibited/Restricted Species (regulation varies depending on location in state) Wild chervil Anthriscus sylvestris 47 x European marsh thistle Cirsium palustre 863 x Poison hemlock Conium maculatum 83 x Reed mannagrass Glyceria maxima 96 x Bush honeysuckles Lonicera spp. 3106 x Phragmites Phragmites australis 5462 x Hedgeparsleys Torilis spp. 453 x Restricted Species Garlic mustard Allaria petiolata 2442 x Japanese barberry Berberis thunbergii 419 x Oriental bittersweet Celastrus orbiculatus 215 x Spotted knapweed Centaurea stoebe 5029 x Teasels Dipsacus spp. 1496 x Autumn olive Elaeagnus umbellata 98 x Leafy spurge Euphorbia esula 339 x Knotweeds Fallopia spp. 916 x Dame's rocket Hesperis matronalis 88 x Purple loosestrife Lythrum salicaria 1407 x Wild parsnip Pastinaca sativa 6906 x Common buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica 1029 x Glossy buckthorn Rhamnus frangula 675 x Black locust Robinia pseudoacacia 172 x Multiflora rose Rosa multiflora 289 Crown vetch Securigera varia 728 x Tansy Tanacetum vulgare 4340 x Garden valerian Valeriana officinalis 480 x

How models can help

  • Help prioritize what species to look for and control
  • EXAMPLE: Leafy spurge not well documents in

west, but areas appear susceptible to invasion

How Can You Help Us?

  • We need new observations in specific areas

to improve our models

– Many species with poor distribution/number of presence points

Wild parsnip Japanese barberry Lonicera spp.

How can you provide observations?

  • Upload via GLEDN app
  • Uploads to EDDMapS
  • Provide to us directly
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5/3/2016 8

Training on how to use smartphones or the website available

Visit http://fyi.uwex.edu/wifdn/videos/

If Interested…

  • Please fill out the sign up sheet going around

– Name, Email Address (phone, if desired)

  • Contact Niels Jorgensen with specific questions

– njorgensen@wisc.edu – (608) 262‐9570 (office)

Initial Predictive Map Suitable Habitat

Japanese Barberry

Initial Predictive Map Suitable Habitat

Asian Bittersweet

Initial Predictive Map Suitable Habitat

Japanese Hedgeparsley

Initial Predictive Map Suitable Habitat

Leafy Spurge

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5/3/2016 9

If you provide your address and distance willing to travel….

  • 1. Provide you with a prioritized list of species to

look for

– Full sun – Forested

  • 2. list of parks/natural areas within travel distance

to visit

  • 3. Map will include presence points already known
  • Fill out form and/or contact Niels Jorgensen with

specific questions

– njorgensen@wisc.edu – (608) 262‐9570 (office)

WI First Detector Network

http://fyi.uwex.edu/wifdn/

  • Invasive species of high consequence to WI

– Natural areas

  • 2016 training currently being offered (for

free)

  • See website for topics (can view for free):

– Invasion biology – Impacts of invasive species – Invasive species identification

  • Field training events this summer

– contact asummers2@wisc.edu

Thanks for listening!

  • Lots of information available

– My website: http://fyi.uwex.edu/weedsci

  • Use resources to make informed

decisions