Research Update Wednesday, December 6, 2017 Introduction - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Research Update Wednesday, December 6, 2017 Introduction - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Aug 20, 2022 189 likes •757 views

Atlantic Grains Council Research Update Wednesday, December 6, 2017 Introduction Presenters Dave Bell, Bell Crop Services Oats/Peas Brian Craig & Harvey Cairns Wheat/Winter Wheat Misty Croney, LP Consulting

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Atlantic Grains Council Research Update

Wednesday, December 6, 2017

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SLIDE 2

Introduction

  • Presenters
  • Dave Bell, Bell Crop Services – Oats/Peas
  • Brian Craig & Harvey Cairns –Wheat/Winter Wheat
  • Misty Croney, LP Consulting – Barley/Soybeans
  • Statistical Analysis (wheat, winter wheat, barley)
  • Sherry Filmore – AAFC

All results are not final and may change when final analysis is completed

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SLIDE 3
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SLIDE 4

OATS

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SLIDE 5

Oat Sites

=2016 =2015 =2017

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SLIDE 6

Protocol – Oats Experiment

  • 15 Sites across NB and PEI
  • New Brunswick (4 sites in 2015; 5 sites in 2016; 3 sites in 2017)
  • PEI (1 site in 2015, 2016, & 2017)
  • 2x2 Experiment
  • Nitrogen treatments – 25 kg/ha, 50 kg/ha
  • Fungicide treatments vs. no fungicide
  • Minimum 1 acre plots
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SLIDE 7

Results – Oats Experiment

1.74 1.61 1.95 1.74

  • 0.50

1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 Fungicide No fungicide Average MT/acre (15% MC) Treatment

Average MT/acre by Treatment (15% MC)

25 kg/ha 50 kg/ha

n= 14 n= 14 n= 15 n= 15

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SLIDE 8

Results – Oats Experiment

* Note: Not all 2017 protein results available yet 9.76 9.81 9.91 9.86

  • 2.00

4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 Fungicide No fungicide Average Protein (15% MC) Treatment

Average Protein by Treatment (15% MC)

25 kg/ha 50 kg/ha

n= 12 n= 12 n= 13 n= 13

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SLIDE 9

Moving Forward – Oats

  • Other nutrients (e.g. timing K, S)
  • Source type of N fertilizer
  • Soil health (e.g. B, Cu, Ca)
  • Varieties
  • Matching market criteria (e.g. Quaker)
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SLIDE 10

PEAS

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SLIDE 11
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Protocol – Peas Experiment

  • 9 Sites across NB and PEI
  • New Brunswick (3 sites in 2017)
  • PEI (6 sites in 2017)
  • First year of analysis
  • Yield data collected
  • Minimum 1 acre plots
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Peas Experiment – NB Sites

  • Good size of trial 85+ acres each site
  • Potato rotation
  • Conventional tillage
  • Green peas var Raezor
  • Fertility:
  • 150 lbs pre-plant broadcast
  • 13.2- 21.9- 17.5- 5.3 S- .13 B
  • No starter fertilizer in the planter
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Peas Experiment – NB Sites

  • Seeding:
  • 220 lbs seed per acre was recommended.
  • 230 g/1000 seeds = 433,858 seeds per acre
  • Seed was inoculated with Rhizobium sp.
  • Seeded at 3 to 5 cm (1.25” to 2”)
  • Rolled following seeding
  • Earliest fit date to plant; frost tolerance is very good
  • Herbicide:
  • 2 to 3 days after planting pre-emergent herbicide applied

(Authority 480)

  • Disease Management:
  • White Mold (Sclerotinia) and Ascochyta
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SLIDE 15

Site 1 Site 2 Site 3 Seeding date May 23 May 16 May 17 Final Plant Stand 404,258 410,275 478,121 Row Spacing 15” 6” 7”

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Results – Peas Experiment

1.38 1.90 1.07 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 All plots NB PEI Average MT/acre (15% MC) Location

Pea Yields in MT/acre @ 15% MC

n= 8 n= 3 n= 5

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SLIDE 17

Peas Experiment – NB Sites – Key Learnings

  • Plant carefully, plant population, herbicide directly after planting
  • Fungicide timing at 20 % bloom
  • Desiccate at maturity, time to harvest varies
  • Harvest losses can be high… be patient
  • Harvest days may be short, as the vines get tough in the late afternoon
  • Poor feeding will increase harvest loss
  • Plant as early as possible, frost tolerant
  • Crop stages come up fast…watch closely
  • Addition of a foliar boost at fungicide may be of benefit.
  • All sites were maintained at pH 6 to 6.5
  • OM 4 to 6%
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Wheat

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Wheat Sites

=2016 =2015 =2017

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Protocol – Wheat Experiment

  • 18 Sites across New Brunswick and PEI
  • New Brunswick (2 sites in 2016)
  • PEI (5 sites in 2015; 6 sites in 2016; 5 sites in 2017)
  • Fungicide treatments
  • Prosaro 250 EC (324 ml/ac as per label)
  • Caramba (405 ml/ac as per label)
  • No fungicide
  • Minimum 1 acre plots
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Results – Wheat Experiment

1.26 1.32 1.25

  • 0.20

0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20 1.40 Prosaro Caramba No fungicide Average Yield – MT/acre (15% MC) Treatment

Average MT/acre by Treatment (15% MC)

n= 15 n= 17 n= 18

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SLIDE 22

Statistical Analysis – Wheat Experiment

  • Yield
  • No statistical difference

between treatments

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Results – Wheat Experiment

12.18 11.99 12.71

  • 2.00

4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 Prosaro Caramba No fungicide Average Protein % (15% MC) Treatment

Average Protein by Treatment (15% MC)

n= 15 n= 17 n= 18

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Statistical Analysis – Wheat Experiment

  • Protein
  • No statistical difference in protein between

all treatments

  • No statistical difference in protein between

no treatment and applying a treatment (prosaro/caramba)

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Moving Forward – Wheat

  • Soil nutrients (e.g. B, Cu, Ca, pH)
  • Other nutrients (e.g. timing K, S)
  • Source type of N fertilizer
  • Timing of fertilizer application (N)
  • Varieties
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Winter Wheat

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Winter Wheat Sites

=2016 =2015 =2017

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Protocol – Winter Wheat Experiment

  • 8 sites across PEI (5 sites in 2016; 3 sites in 2017)
  • Early vs. late plantings
  • Minimum 1 acre plots
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Results – Winter Wheat Experiment

2.22 2.20 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 Early Planting Late Planting Average MT/acre (15% MC) Treatment

Average MT/acre by Treatment (15% MC)

n= 8 n= 8

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Statistical Analysis – Winter Wheat Experiment

  • Yield
  • No statistical difference in yield whether the winter wheat was planted early or

late in the fall of the previous year

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Results – Winter Wheat Experiment

9.75 9.45 2 4 6 8 10 12 Early Planting Late Planting Average Protein (15% MC) Treatment

Average Protein by Treatment (15% MC)

n= 8 n= 8

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Statistical Analysis – Winter Wheat Experiment

  • Protein
  • No statistical difference between treatments
  • Protein was not statistically different whether the winter wheat was planted

early or late in the fall

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Winter Wheat Experiment #2

  • A second experiment on winter wheat was conducted, where nitrogen was either

applied in one application or a split application

  • Two plots in 2017 on PEI
  • Both plots showed higher yields in the split nitrogen application (compared to one

application)

  • No statistical difference between treatments due to the low # of plots and large

deviation between plots

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Moving Forward – Winter Wheat

  • Soil nutrients (e.g. B, Cu, Ca, pH)
  • Other nutrients (e.g. timing K, S)
  • Source type of N fertilizer
  • Timing of fertilizer application (N)
  • Varieties
  • Potential tillering
  • Fungicide
  • Early, Late, Really late
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SLIDE 35

BARLEY

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Barley Sites

=2016 =2015 =2017

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Protocol – Barley Nitrogen Experiment

  • 25 sites across the Maritimes
  • New Brunswick (3 sites in 2015; 1 site in 2016, 1 site in 2017)
  • PEI (5 sites in 2015; 7 sites in 2016; 4 sites in 2017)
  • Nova Scotia (2 sites in 2016; 2 sites in 2017)
  • Nitrogen treatments – 30lbs/ac, 40lbs/ac, 50lbs/ac, 70lbs/ac, 80lbs/ac
  • Minimum 1 acre plots
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Results – Barley Nitrogen Experiment

1.56 1.67 1.75 1.84 1.90

  • 0.50

1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 30 lbs/ac N 40 lbs/ac N 50 lbs/ac N 70 lbs/ac N 80 lbs/ac N Average MT/acre (15% MC) Treatment

Average MT/acre by Treatment (15% MC)

n= 14 n= 8 n= 25 n= 25 n= 5

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SLIDE 39

Statistical Analysis – Barley Experiment

  • Yield
  • Strong statistical linear trend on increased yield with

increased nitrogen application

  • Economic impact of additional nitrogen
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Results – Barley Nitrogen Experiment

11.11 11.09 11.48 11.83 12.71 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 30 lbs/ac N 40 lbs/ac N 50 lbs/ac N 70 lbs/ac N 80 lbs/ac N Average % Feed Protein (100% DM) Treatment

Average % Feed Protein (100% DM) by Treatment

n= 14 n= 7 n= 23 n= 23 n= 5

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SLIDE 41

Statistical Analysis – Barley Experiment

  • Feed Protein
  • Statistical linear difference

between nitrogen applications

  • An increasing linear trend in

protein and test weight with increased nitrogen application

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Moving Forward

  • Fungicide & insecticide programs to

increase yields

  • Other nutrients (e.g. K, S)
  • Source type of N fertilizer
  • Organic malt market
  • Soil health (e.g. pH, Ca)
  • Varieties
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SLIDE 43

SOYBEANS

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Soybean Sites*

=2016 =2015 *24 sites in 2017 not yet included on map

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SLIDE 45
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Protocol – Soybean Seeding Experiment

  • 35 sites across the Maritimes
  • New Brunswick (5 sites in 2015; 2 sites in 2016, 5 sites in 2017)
  • PEI (5 sites in 2015; 6 sites in 2016; 4 sites in 2017)
  • Nova Scotia (3 sites in 2016; 5 sites in 2017)
  • Main seeding rates per acre: 130,000; 160,000; 190,000
  • Minimum 1 acre plots
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Protocol – Soybean Seeding Experiment

  • Initial results (statistical analysis not yet completed)
  • Following results based on seeding rate, not emergence
  • Consideration of economic impact
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Soybean Seeding – Yield Results

0.89 0.99 0.86 0.81 0.97 1.04 0.91 0.89 0.99 1.04 0.89 1.01 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 Total PE NB NS

Average MT/acre !5% MC Treatment by Province

Average Yield by Treatment MT/acre (15% MC)

130,000 seeds/ac 160,000 seeds/ac 190,000 seeds/ac

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Protocol – Soybean Fungicide Experiment

  • 22 sites across the Maritimes
  • New Brunswick (2 sites in 2015; 2 sites in 2017)
  • PEI (2 sites in 2015; 5 sites in 2016; 5 sites in 2017)
  • Nova Scotia (3 sites in 2016; 3 sites in 2017)
  • Fungicide treatments: early (1st flower), late (full flower), check (none)
  • In 2015/16 Acapela used; 2017 Acapela NB/NS, Caramba PE
  • Initial Results, no statistical analysis completed yet
  • Minimum 1 acre plots
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Soybean Fungicide – Yield Results

0.98 0.56 1.08 1.07 0.98 0.52 1.02 1.04 0.97 0.53 1.13 1.05 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 Total NB NS PE

Average Mt/acre (15% MC) Treatment by Province

Average Yield Mt/acre (15% MC)

Early Application Late Application No Fungicide

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CORN

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Protocol – Corn Nitrogen

  • Preliminary results (results still coming in, statistical analysis not yet complete)
  • Included in this dataset:
  • New Brunswick (5 sites in 2015; 6 sites in 2016)
  • PEI (5 sites in 2015; 4 sites in 2016; 4 sites in 2017)
  • Main nitrogen applications: 85 kg/ha, 120 kg/ha, 135 kg/ha, 155 kg/ha, and 170+

kg/ha

  • Note: All sites also had 40 kg/ha nitrogen at planting (not included in applications

listed above)

  • Corn Fungicide experiment also completed (results not shown today)
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SLIDE 56

3.18 3.24 3.14 3.42 3.63 3.25 3.57 3.76 3.41 3.54 3.83 3.32 3.5 3.71 3.08 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 Total NB PE Average MT/acre (15% MC) Treatment by Location

Average MT/acre (15% MC) by treatment

85 kg/ha 120 kg/ha 135 kg/ha 155 kg/ha 170+ kg/ha

n=23 n=24 n=9

Corn Nitrogen– Yield Results

n=23 n=23