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RENEWABLE ENERGY COOPERATIVES:
E C O N O M I C D E V E LO P M E N T I M P L I C AT I O N S
D O R R A I N E D U N C A N
OVERVIEW
- What are RE cooperatives?
- Logic model
- Methodology
- Findings
- Economic implications
- Best practices
RENEWABLE ENERGY COOPERATIVES: E C O N O M I C D E V E LO P M E N - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
RENEWABLE ENERGY COOPERATIVES: E C O N O M I C D E V E LO P M E N - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
RENEWABLE ENERGY COOPERATIVES: E C O N O M I C D E V E LO P M E N T I M P L I C AT I O N S D O R R A I N E D U N C A N OVERVIEW What are RE cooperatives? Logic model Methodology Findings Economic implications Best
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W H A T A R E R E N E W A B L E E N E R G Y C O - O P E R A T I V E S ?
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Renewable Energy Co-ops
A democratic membership organization that facilitates renewable energy generation where a community (local
- r national) has a financial investment in a renewable
energy project, whether by complete ownership or in partnership with others.
www.respublica.org.uk
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Regional Energy Policy | Community Relations
- Reduced
carbon emissions
- Energy
decentralization
- Advances in
energy policy
- Community
Improvements
- New
business development Clean energy production
Inputs Intervention Capabilities & Actions Outputs Long -term Impacts Short -term Impacts
Rival explanation: Government or utility initiative Rival explanation: Government or utility initiative Rival explanation: Gov/utility initiative with community focus
Problems initiating need for RE co-ops
- Develop
- wnership
model
- Incorporate
Cooperative
- Open for
Membership
- Secure PPA
- Install RE
plant
- Improved
citizen Knowledge
- Improved
relationship with Utility
- Changes in
community relations
- RE and
energy Conservation
- Education
- Price stability
- Employment
- Revenue
- Utility bill
credits
- Local
community engagement
- Member
economic Participation
- Local
community knowledge
LOGIC MODEL
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- Catalog characteristics of RE co-ops.
- How can these characteristics create economic development?
- A case survey
Dataset consisting of RE co-ops 60 cases worldwide
- Data Collection
Consortiums of shared renewable energy projects Journals/reports of energy cooperatives Journals/reports of shared energy
METHODOLOGY
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Solar Wind Mixed- Use Biofuels/Biomass Hydro
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Min: 35 Median: 573 Max:50,000
MEMBERSHIP OF CO-OP
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Min: 35 Median:200 Max: 1375
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FINDINGS
- Inputs
- Interventions
- External conditions
- Capabilities and Actions
- Outputs
- Short term impacts
- Long term impacts
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I N P U T S
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5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Environmental Sustainability Energy Independence Community Empowerment Economic returns/growth Service Marginalized Communities Lower costs/Stabilize prices Number of Co-ops
D R I V E R S F O R C R E AT I O N O F R E C O - O P S
[Author Analysis]
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Purchase of 1 share 38%
Membership fee 25% Subscription fees/ work equity 15% No information 12% Membership fee and share purchase 10%
T Y P E S O F F I N A N C I A L I N V E S T M E N T
[Author Analysis]
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I N T E R V E N T I O N S
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Community-led Ownership: The co-op was responsible for implementing and financing the project via wholly community-led initiatives Joint Ownership: An energy developer was responsible for implementing the project but the co-op purchases a stake in the project Public/Community-led Ownership: A public body was involved in the implementation/financing of the project and the co-op has part or full ownership
www.respublica.org.uk
[Content Analysis]
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E X T E R N A L C O N D I T I O N S
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10 20 30 40 50 60 70
PPA RE portfolio standards Tradable REC FiT tax incentive Net metering Number of Co-ops
E N E R GY PO L IC Y
[Author Analysis]
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O U T P U T
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5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
solar wind hydro biofuels/biomass Number of Co-ops
R E N E WA BL E E N E R GY SO U R C E S
[Author Analysis]
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Max: 102MW/h Median: 855kW/h Min: 6kW/h
1 home – 1.25kW/h 800 homes- 1MW/h
https://www.eia.gov/
ELECTRICTY PRODUCTION
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Max: 1.9MW/h Median: 103.5kW/h Min: 22.05kW/h
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I M PA C T S
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5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Revenue/Dividends/Returns Education/ Skills Training Employment New Energy Access Reduced energy prices/Stability Energy Efficiency Discounts on other products
Number of Co-ops
SHORT-TERM OUTCOMES
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5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Reduced Carbon Emissions Community Improvements New Business Development Number of Co-ops
LONG-TERM OUTCOMES
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E C O N O M I C D E V E L O P M E N T
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IMPLICATIONS
- Electricity price stabilization
- Building resilient communities
- Education and training for green industries
- Growth in green energy industry
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- 1. Identify leaks in windows, doors, walls
- 2. CEF staff provides training on sealing
cracks, installing window kits
- 3. Teams go house to house
weatherizing the homes
- 4. Materials free for co-op members
WEATHERIZATION PARTIES
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www.census.gov/2010census/data/
COMMUNITIES
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OUTPUT
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B U S I N E S S D E V E L O P M E N T
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BEST PRACTICES
- Start-up costs
- Crowd sourcing
- Community Partners
- Leveraging anchor institutions
- Co-op culture
- 43% of GA population are members of an EMC
- Creating Economic Development?
- Supportive policy framework
- Diverse citizen participation
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