Renewable and Sustainable Citrus Oils Jon Leonard Renewable Citrus - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Life Cycle Assessment Renewable and Sustainable Citrus Oils Jon Leonard Renewable Citrus Products Association Florida Chemical Company

Introduction  Why do we need a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for Citrus Oils?  Green movement – Establish Citrus Oils as Green  Scientific basis for Renewable and Sustainable  Combat the new wave of ever growing regulations  RCPA has a DRAFT copy of our LCA on Citrus Oils  Finalized version by end of 2010  We will discuss the LCA in a few minutes  1 st let me address current market conditions and impact of growing regulations

Current Market Conditions  Citrus Oil prices are …..  Global crop size has been trending downward  Ever-increasing regulations are eroding the market for Citrus Oils  The erosion has been masked by a decreasing crop size and other impact factors - economy, weather, etc.

Market Impact Regulation Surge Regulations Market Erosion Zone Crop Size

Regulation Surge  1962 - Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring  Everywhere we look we have regulations guiding what we can and can’t do  40,697 new laws in 2010 - USA  4 minutes/law = Entire work year to review  Plus global regulations  Regulations will continue… and the trend is clear as demonstrated by this graph

Regulation Surge EPACT FFCA CERFA CRAA PPA PPVA AMFA IEREA ARPAA AQ ANTPA AJA 120 A GLCPA ASBCAA ABA ESAA-AECA CZARA FFRAA WRDA FEAPRA EDP 110 IRA OPA NAWCA NWPAA RECA CODRA/NMSPAA CAAA FCRPA GCRA MMPAA 100 GLFWRA RCRAA HMTUSA APA WQA WLDI NEEA SWDA CERCLA 90 CZMIA NWPA SDWAA COWLDA SARA Number of Laws FWLCA MPRSAA BLRA 80 CAAA ERDDAA ARPA MPRSAA CWA EAWA SMCRA NOPPA SWRCA PTSA 70 SDWAA UMTRCA ESAA QGA BLBA HMTA FWPCA NCPA MPRSA 60 ESA TSCA CZMA TAPA NCA FLPMA RCRA FEPCA NFMA PWSA 50 FRRRPA CZMAA MMPA SOWA DPA NEPA AQA EQIA 40 FOIA FCMHSA CAA EPA WRPA EEA AFCA OSHA FAWRAA 30 FHSA NPAA WSRA NFMUA TA EA AEPA FIFRA PAA NHPA FWCA RCFHSA BPA 20 WLDA WA FWCAA NBRA MBCA NPS FAWRA FWA IA AEA AA RHA NLRA 10 WPA YA 0 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 By permission of John Warner

Regulations Surge By permission of the Consumer Specialty Products Association

By permission of www.cartoonstock.com

Green Movement  The Green Movement is relentlessly moving forward  California Green Chemistry Initiative  NSF Greener Chemicals and Processes Standard  ACS Green Chemistry Institute Roundtables  Our industry needs to be proactive as Green is being defined  The 12 Principles of Green Chemistry is a good starting point

The 12 Principles of Green Chemistry Prevention Use of Renewable 1. 7. Feedstocks Atom Economy 2. Reduce Derivatives Less Hazardous 8. 3. Chemical Synthesis Catalysis 9. Designing Safer 10. Design for Degradation 4. Chemicals 11. Real-time analysis for Safer Solvents and Pollution Prevention 5. Auxiliaries 12. Inherently Safer Design for Energy Chemistry for Accident 6. Efficiency Prevention Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice by Paul Anastas and John Warner, 1998

The 12 Principles of Green Chemistry Use of Renewable Feedstocks - A raw 7. material or Feedstock should be renewable rather than depleting wherever technically and economically practical  Citrus Oils are a Renewable Feedstock  Citrus Oils are Green Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice by Paul Anastas and John Warner, 1998

The 12 Principles of Green Chemistry 10. Design for Degradation - Chemical products should be designed so that at the end of their function they do not persist in the environment and break down into innocuous degradation products  Citrus oils were designed by nature  Citrus Oils are Green Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice by Paul Anastas and John Warner, 1998

Renewable  A natural resource is a renewable resource if it is replaced by natural processes at a rate ≥ consumption  Incorporates Sustainable Agriculture  Economically viable, socially responsible and ecologically sound  Use and depletion of finite resources is not renewable  Citrus Oils are Renewable

Renewable Citrus Oils Come from Our Environment Without Mining or Drilling

Nature Makes Citrus Oils with Three Ingredients  The first ingredient is …

The Other Two Ingredients  Water CH 3  Carbon Dioxide  Nature uses photosynthesis… makes isoprene or C 5 H 8  Nature combines two isoprene molecules to make d- Limonene… a H 3 C CH 2 natural citrus hydrocarbon  d-Limonene is C 10 H 16

Citrus Essential Oil Location Albedo (white, spongy) Flavedo (orange skin, rind) Oil Glands “It is probably true that all green plants in nature produce limonene through their biochemical metabolism.” -Dr. Robert J. Braddock -1999

Sustainable U.S. EPA  Business Sustainability- increase long-term shareholder and social value, while decreasing industry’s use of materials and reducing impacts on the environment  EPA aims to make sustainability the next level of environmental protection…advances in science and technology…policies to protect public health and welfare, and promoting green business practices  EPA promotes the use of LCAs...better understanding of the environmental impacts of products, processes and activities on human health and the environment  LCA will demonstrate that Citrus Oils are Sustainable

RCPA Action Plan  The industry formed the Renewable Citrus Products Association or RCPA in 2008  Establish a presence in the regulatory community  Develop the renewable and sustainable profile for Citrus Oils – a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)  Promote citrus oils as biobased, renewable and sustainable with the media, public, NGOs and governmental agencies  Secure proper treatment of Citrus Oils with respect to governmental regulations  Conduct environmental, health and safety research on Citrus Oils based on sound science

The RCPA Today  Our third year, we have 23 members  Representing the  Juice Processors  Citrus Oil Processors  Flavor & Fragrance Industry  Specialty Chemical Companies  Citrus Oil Marketers

RCPA Officers  President  Jon Leonard , Florida Chemical Company  Vice President  Nick Emanuel , Citrosuco NA  Treasurer  Chris Baker , Kerry Ingredients and Flavors  Secretary  Dr. David McKeithan , Firmenich  Executive Committee Member  Dr. Tim Anglea , Coca-Cola North America  Executive Committee Technical Advisor  Dr. Robert Braddock , Professor Emeritus – University of Florida

RCPA Activities  The RCPA presented to the U.S. EPA Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards in May of 2009  The RCPA monitors regulation activities by U.S. EPA, California, OTC, Canada, etc.  The RCPA commissioned a Life Cycle Assessment of Citrus Oils in 2010

Life Cycle Assessment  The RCPA has commissioned Environmental Resources Management (ERM) to conduct a streamlined LCA of Citrus Oils  ERM is a leading global provider of environmental, health and safety, risk, and social consulting services, helping clients understand and manage their impacts on the world around them  The LCA will be consistent with PAS 2050 which is derived from the ISO 14040 standard

Life Cycle Assessment  ERM will use the Building for Environmental and Economic Sustainability (BEES) impact assessment methodology to interpret the results  BEES is used by the USDA for assessing biobased products for the Federal BioPreferred Program  BEES was also used recently for the United Soybean Council ’ s life cycle profile for soy products released in February

Life Cycle Assessment  The LCA uses the holistic model of cradle-to-cradle to capture the unique advantages of bio-based citrus oils  Life Cycle Stages  Orange growing, cultivation and harvest  Raw materials production and transport  Production and transport of packaging materials  Juice and citrus oil extraction and processing  Transport of oils to folders  Citrus oil folding and processing (cradle-to-gate)  Commercial and consumer use (gate-to-cradle)  The LCA will benefit the entire industry

Life Cycle Assessment  Data categories included in the study  Raw materials and packaging inputs  Chemical inputs  Energy inputs (electricity and fuels)  Other physical inputs, such as water  Emissions to air, water and soil  Products and by-products  Material outputs, including solid waste and wastewater  Transportation

Life Cycle Assessment  The LCA calculates the carbon footprints for these important products of commerce  Orange Juice  Cold-Pressed Orange Oil  5 Fold Orange Oil  Orange Terpenes  Citrus Terpenes  Citrus-based Animal Feed  Citrus-based Molasses  The individual footprints of Citrus Oils are specifically compared to the footprints of fossil- based counterparts

Life Cycle Assessment  Carbon footprints appear in a LCA as the first impact category called the Global Warming Potential (GWP)  GWP is typically expressed as: kg CO 2 equivalents per kg of product  The RCPA LCA uses 1000 kg of Citrus Oil as the functional unit