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A matter of sympathetic recognition: education and the spirit of John Malone Tony Gallagher, Queens University Orangefield High School August 22, 2014 What people say about John Malone a man of vision, with great independence of

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A matter of sympathetic recognition: education and the spirit of John Malone

Tony Gallagher, Queen’s University Orangefield High School August 22, 2014

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What people say about John Malone

‘… a man of vision, with great independence of mind.’

‘… a liberal, progressive school … like a 60s dream.’

‘… legendary.’ ‘… missionary fervour …’

‘… monastic dedication …’

‘… radical in thought …’ ‘… quiet sincerity …’

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John Malone Memorial Lectures

Education for renewal, Malcolm Skilbeck, 1982 Among schoolchildren, Seamus Heaney, 1983 Why can't they be like us? Maurice Hayes, 1984 Is comprehensive education still worth fighting for? Hugh Sockett, 1985 Dramatis Personae, Stewart Parker, 1986 Recollections, David Hammond, 1988

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"The definition of insanity is doing the same thing over and

ver and expecting it

to come out different"

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1992/93 and 2012/13

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Change in school types, 1992/93 and 2012/13

80 79 4 30 40 54 68 20 1 29 39

CONTROLLED SECONDARY MAINTAINED SECONDARY INTEGRATED IRISH MEDIUM CATHOLIC GRAMMAR OTHER GRAMMAR

Number of schools in 1992/93 Number of schools in 2012/13

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Change in secondary, 1992/93 & 2012/13

35 17 8 6 16 1

CONTROLLED MAINTAINED INTEGRATED IRISH MEDIUM

Number of 1992/93 schools that are no longer open Number of 2012/13 schools that did not exist in 1992/93

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Enrolment change, 1992/93 & 2012/13

10,930
5,387

10,552 541 1,976 3,116

CONTROLLED SECONDARY MAINTAINED SECONDARY INTEGRATED IRISH MEDIUM CATHOLIC GRAMMAR OTHER GRAMMAR

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Performance change 1992/93 & 2012/13 % Year 12 pupils with 5+ good GCSEs

90 90 23 25 28 96 98 60 72 66

PROTESTANT GRAMMAR CATHOLIC GRAMMAR PROTESTANT SECONDARY CATHOLIC SECONDARY INTEGRATED SECONDARY

1992/93 2012/13

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School performance

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 1963/64 1965/66 1967/68 1969/70 1971/72 1973/74 1975/76 1977/78 1981/82 1985/86 1987/88 1989/90 1991/92 1993/94 1995/96 1997/98 1999/00 2001/02 2003/04 2005/06 2007/08 2009/10 2011/12 Boys Girls

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Community relations

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Impact of interventions

Positive potential Limited impact Common curriculum Language of a common good; capacity to deal with difference Received curriculum not the same as intended curriculum Contact programmes Promoting mutual understanding & tolerance; breaking down barriers Ephemeral; weak theoretical understanding

f contact

Common schools Promoting sense of a common good; dealing with diversity Assimilation; inconsistent practice; weakly connected sector; 7% Equal treatment of separate schools Recognising different identities; promoting equal

pportunity

Institutionalising difference; promoting silo society

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Divided society or shared society?

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Communities of learning

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Mainstreaming shared education

Positives

Programme for

Government goals

Shared Campus

programme

Delivering Social Change
EU Peace IV Funds

Concerns

Role of the Churches
Education authorities
Shared Education

becomes ‘whatever you want it to be’

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Academic selection

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Introducing selective education, 1949-1974

20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 140,000 160,000 1949/50 1950/51 1951/52 1952/53 1953/54 1954/55 1955/56 1956/57 1957/58 1958/59 1959/60 1960/61 1961/62 1962/63 1963/64 1964/65 1965/66 1966/67 1967/68 1968/69 1969/70 1970/71 1971/72 1972/73 1973/74 1974/75

Grammar Technical Secondary Primary (aged 12+)

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The end of academic selection?

1973 – Advisory Council on Education 1976 – Labour Direct Rule Minister 2000 – Burns Report 2002 – Minister of Education 2003 – Costello Report 2006 Education Order

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Effects of the selective system

(Gallagher and Smith, 2000)

Disrupts primary school curriculum High variability in school performance Strong social background effects Divides pupils, teachers, parents

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Lack of consensus = compromise or political impasse (select one)

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Achievement gaps

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Religious Achievement gap (school leavers with 5+ good GCSEs)

2 4 6 1986/87 1987/88 1989/90 1990/91 1991/92 1992/93 1993/94 1994/95 1995/96 1996/97 1997/98 1998/99 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13

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Sector achievement gap – secondary schools

(source: calculated from school performance tables)

20 30 40 50 60 70 80

% Year 12 with 5+ good GCSEs

Maintained average Controlled average

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School performance, 2012/13, by sector % Year 12 with 5+ good GCSEs inc. Maths/English

25 50 75 100 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 % Year 12 with 5+ GCSEs inc English/Maths FSME %

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Social achievement gaps: grammar pupils, 2012/13

75 80 85 90 95 100 5+ GCSEs 5+ GCSEs inc Maths/English 7+ GCSEs 7+ GCSEs inc Maths/English

Percentage Year 12 pupils

All pupils FSME

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Social achievement gaps: secondary pupils, 2012/13

20 30 40 50 60 70 5+ GCSEs 5+ GCSEs inc Maths/English 7+ GCSEs 7+ GCSEs inc Maths/English

Percentage Year 12 pupils

Not FSME FSME

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Social achievement gaps: all pupils, 2012/13

30 40 50 60 70 80 5+ GCSEs 5+ GCSEs inc Maths/English 7+ GCSEs 7+ GCSEs inc Maths/English

Percentage Year 12 pupils

All pupils FSME