Reactive Programming Models for IoT Todd L. Montgomery - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Reactive Programming Models for IoT

Todd L. Montgomery @toddlmontgomery

Internet of Things?

Just a Silicon Valley buzzword?

Psst! Already Here! Not New!

Reactive Programming?

Just another buzzword?

Psst! Also Not New!

Connecting “Things” …Reactively…

What most of us think happens

Request Response

Request Response

What really happens

And if not, we’ll make it!

Request Response

What also really happens

But… Who does this?

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Request Response

Support (UI/Device) Security (Challenge) Keep-Alive

• r Watchdog

User State Query

Stream

What also really happens

News, Stocks, Texts/SMS, Video, Audio, Social, …

Ingest

What also really happens

Temperature, Heart Rate, Web Logs, Sensor Data, Seismic Readings, Steps, Stairs, Gyro Data, GPS, Acceleration, Breathing, EKG, EEG, …

Request Response

What also really happens

Stream & Ingest

Pretty much how everything actually works…

What also REALLY happens

Message Message

The Break Down

Request, Response, Stream, and Ingest are really types Message-Driven Message-Driven

Reactive Applications

Message Driven Responsive Resilient Elastic

http://www.reactivemanifesto.org/

REST RPC Function Call Message-Driven LISP

Distributed Systems Evolution

IoT…

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HTCPCP RFC 2324, Extended by RFC 7168

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyper_Text_Coffee_Pot_Control_Protocol

"there is a strong, dark, rich requirement for a protocol designed espressoly [sic] for the brewing of coffee"

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courtesy of

Sometimes it is good to reinvent the wheel

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What History Has Taught Us

THE IoT Language!

THE IoT Protocol!

THE IoT Runtime!

THE IoT ______!

Internet of Things

Multi-Lingual (and Polyglot) Multi-Protocol & Multi-Standard Multi-“Platform” Huge Scale Highly Integrated

• Connected. Integrated.

Great time to be a protocol geek!

• Connected. Services. Tools.

Nuklei

Multi-Lingual (and Polyglot) Location Transparency Multi-Protocol & Data Format Basic Low-Level API

Protocols

Nuklei

Deployment Container

Logic

Reactive Message Stream

Depends on language, runtime, platform, etc. Asynchronous Binary “Loose” Ordering

Protocols

Nuklei Logic

Reactive Message Stream

Asynchronous Binary Boundary Basic read/write API Various Protocol Options

Choice of protocols becomes deployment concern

Deployment Container

Simple, consistent usage allows functional composition of protocols

Protocols?

Shared Memory IPC WebSocket JMS WebRTC

Not just in the traditional sense…

HTTP /1.1 MQTT HTTP /2 AMQP CoAP TCP /UDP /IP Aeron 0MQ

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pro·to·col noun \ˈprō-tə-ˌkȯl, -ˌkōl, -ˌkäl, -kəl\

• ...
• 3 b : a set of conventions governing the treatment and especially the

formatting of data in an electronic communications system <network protocols> ... 3 a : a code prescribing strict adherence to correct etiquette and precedence (as in diplomatic exchange and in the military services) <a breach of protocol>

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Protocols are the key to Integration

REST has demonstrated this!

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Functional Protocol Composition

e.g. HTTP over TCP looks same as HTTP over IPC or HTTP over WebSocket or HTTP over JMS e.g. Streams over Messages is a form of Fragmentation/ Reassembly Packet/Frame is common building block (Ethernet, ATM, etc.) Layering becomes natural &

• trivial. Also forces

boundaries & decoupling

Not New

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Data Format

JSON FIX / SBE CBOR YAML XML JMS Message

Divorced from Data Association

Map<> and other native associations are better than format specific APIs

HPACK

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Binary Encoding

Thing 1 Thing 2

Not a human Also, …not a human Does not need to be human readable

http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7049

Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR) FIX / Simple Binary Encoding (SBE)

https://github.com/real-logic/simple-binary-encoding

HPACK (Part of HTTP /2) …

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Addressing

URIs - Just, but not only Strings https://www.ietf.org

Think about how much context this contains!

Define an Endpoint for Connectivity Simple, Natural, & Familiar

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Isolation & Location Transparency

Deployment Container docker, AWS, VM, … Leverage Binding & Resolution to decouple Migration Endpoint can be anywhere

Deployment Container

OS level isolation, don’t duplicate at the application layer

VM AMI App Server

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Basic Low-Level API

“Common” Message/Packet/Frame -based BSD Sockets has it right

From an old protocol hacker…

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Defining a Service

★ Address = String ★ Service Logic = Lambda

Endpoint Because they should be that simple

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@FunctionalInterface public interface Mikro { void onMessage( Object header, int typeId, AtomicBuffer buffer, int offset, int length); }

Previous Protocol Flyweight ByteBuffer

• n Steroids

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Flyweights

Struct Overlays Semi-Stateful Parsers Know how to access fields efficiently Prefer to access via dead reckoning (stateless)

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Sending to a Service

★ Proxy = Resolve(Address) ★ Proxy.send(Data)

From anything, not just another Service

For Efficiency, Reuse, and Caching

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@FunctionalInterface public interface Proxy { int send( int typeId, AtomicBuffer buffer, int offset, int length); }

ByteBuffer

• n Steroids

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Additionally…

Flow Control… Security… Schedulers… Polyglot?…

Think Packet Scheduling? Java, then JavaScript, C, iOS, Not an afterthought Also, not an afterthought

Message Message

To Sum Up

https://github.com/kaazing/nuklei

Very Early & Still Evolving

• Connected. Services. Tools.

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Questions?

• Kaazing http://www.kaazing.com
• GitHub https://github.com/kaazing
• Slideshare http://www.slideshare.com/toddleemontgomery
• Twitter @toddlmontgomery

Thank You!