R ECENT A DVANCES IN N ETWORK B OOTING Marty Connor Project Leader, - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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R ECENT A DVANCES IN N ETWORK B OOTING Marty Connor Project Leader, - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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R ECENT A DVANCES IN N ETWORK B OOTING Marty Connor Project Leader, Etherboot Project LinuxCon North America, Boston 11 August 2010 0 Topics http://etherboot.org/ Welcome Overview and History How It Works Demonstra5ons

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SLIDE 1

RECENT ADVANCES IN NETWORK BOOTING

Marty Connor

Project Leader, Etherboot Project LinuxCon North America, Boston

11 August 2010

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SLIDE 2

http://etherboot.org/

Topics

  • Welcome
  • Overview and History
  • How It Works
  • Demonstra5ons
  • Development of gPXE
  • More Demonstra5ons

Q & A throughout presenta5on

1

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SLIDE 3

http://etherboot.org/

Overview and History of Network BooKng

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SLIDE 4

http://etherboot.org/

Network Boo5ng

One of IT’s best kept secrets

  • Holy Grail: Get hard drives out of desktop computers
  • Centralized administraKon: Used by sysadmins for

remote system installs, diagnosis, and repairs

  • Reduces distributed hardware failure

Many Uses

  • Used to boot larger arrays of machines (super

computers, labs, POS/point‐of‐sale)

  • Enables “thin client” compuKng
  • Virtualizes storage / operaKng system choice

3

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SLIDE 5

http://etherboot.org/

A Brief History of Network Boo5ng

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1993 – Jamie Honan publishes “Network Boot Image Proposal”

1990 1999

1995 – Markus Gutschke releases Etherboot based on NBI proposal 1997 – Intel publishes spec for PXE (Pre-boot eXecution Environment) as part of “Wired for Management” specification 1999 – H. Peter Anvin releases pxelinux.0

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SLIDE 6

http://etherboot.org/

A Brief History of Network Boo5ng

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2000 2010

2000 – Marty Connor creates http://rom-o-matic.net/ 2004 – Michael Brown adds PXE support to Etherboot 2005 – Marty and Michael create gPXE, a FOSS implementation of PXE 2007 – Michael adds SAN booting to gPXE 2010 – ( you’ll see ;-) )

(continued)

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SLIDE 7

http://etherboot.org/

Some Places gPXE is Used

  • LTSP (Linux Terminal Server Project)
  • Computer labs in schools and universiKes
  • Libraries
  • Point of Sale applicaKons (restaurants, KckeKng)
  • Supercomputer clusters
  • Thin Client applicaKons
  • Embedded systems
  • System diagnosis and maintenance tools

6

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SLIDE 8

http://etherboot.org/

How Network BooKng Works

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SLIDE 9

http://etherboot.org/

Basic Network Boo5ng Steps

  • 1. Client asks for IP config and network booKng

informaKon via DHCP

  • 2. DHCP Server provides necessary booKng

parameters to client

  • 3. Client fetches executable image from server

with TFTP

  • 4. Client executes fetched image

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SLIDE 10

http://etherboot.org/

Network Boo5ng Methods

  • PXE BooKng
  • Fetches files from remote server
  • Uses TFTP, HTTP to fetch files
  • SAN BooKng
  • Treats remote server volume as raw disk volume
  • Uses SAN protocol such as iSCSI or AoE
  • Most popular network booKng methods
  • TFTP of PXELINUX
  • HTTP of Linux kernel
  • iSCSI boot of Linux and Windows

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SLIDE 11

http://etherboot.org/

LAN for this Tutorial

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SLIDE 12

http://etherboot.org/

Development of gPXE

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SLIDE 13

http://etherboot.org/

Why PXE has not evolved

  • Business
  • Intel Wired for Management (WfM) iniKaKve halted
  • Microsoe discouraged network booKng of operaKng

systems (per‐seat licensing model)

  • Lack of incenKve for hardware and soeware companies
  • Technical
  • Network speed / technology limitaKons
  • HTTP, iSCSI, and other TCP/IP‐based protocols require a

more complicated network stack implementaKon

  • Needs significant flash storage space
  • Difficult to implement

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SLIDE 14

http://etherboot.org/

Features: gPXE versus PXE

PXE gPXE TFTP

 

DHCP

 

DNS

— 

HTTP

— 

iSCSI

— 

Infiniband

— 

AoE

— 

EFI

? 

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Feature Comparison

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SLIDE 15

http://etherboot.org/

Demonstra5ons

  • ROM Burning
  • Building gPXE on Linux

command line

  • ROM‐o‐maKc.net
  • Network BooKng
  • LTSP
  • Linux
  • Tom’s Root Boot
  • Fedora
  • Ubuntu
  • DOS/Windows
  • Using the gPXE

command Line

  • hlp://boot.kernel.org/
  • hlp://netboot.me/
  • Wireshark network

debugging

  • Serial Debugging

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SLIDE 16

http://etherboot.org/

Network Boo5ng Developments

And one more thing…

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SLIDE 17

http://etherboot.org/

Addi5onal Resources

Find out about gPXE and the Etherboot project hlp://etherboot.org/ Create gPXE ROM images with web interface hlp://rom‐o‐maKc.net/ Etherboot Project and gPXE videos hlp://etherboot.org/wiki/talks Main Etherboot Project IRC channel #etherboot on irc.freenode.net Etherboot project mailing lists hlp://etherboot.org/mailman/lisKnfo General discussion of gPXE and other network booKng topics hlp://etherboot.org/mailman/lisKnfo/gpxe Discussion of gPXE development and implementaKon topics hlp://etherboot.org/mailman/lisKnfo/gpxe‐ devel Videos and PresentaKons hlp://etherboot.org/wiki/talks

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