PREDATOR / REAPER SAFETY EDUCATION Presentation for GASCo UAVs are - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

PREDATOR / REAPER SAFETY EDUCATION

Presentation for GASCo

UAVs are dangerous, right?

UNCLASSIFIED

The slides in this presentation are These are my views and some slides may not reflect current MoD policy

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

1946 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 08

Year Rate per 10,000 Flying hours

RAF Cat 4/5 AIR ACCIDENT RATE SINCE 1946 vs PREDATOR 94-08

Reportable Accidents Fatal Accidents Accident Average

CAA CAP701

Page 38 <5700kgs non-PT GA Aircraft

Comparison of Current FJ Cat 4/5 vs PREDATOR A vs GA

Sources CAA, DASA & USAF Safety Center

SHAR 1.88/10,000fg hrs (>1979) Jag 1.02/10,000fg hrs (>1973) GR7/9 0.97/10,000fg hrs (>1988) GR1/4 0.59/10,000fg hrs (>1980) F3 0.28/10,000fg hrs (>1985) 2005 1.25/10,000fg hrs 2006 0.33/10,000fg hrs 2007 0.6/10,000fg hrs 2008 0.57/10,000fg hrs 1995 2.44/10,000fg hrs 1996 2.24/10,000fg hrs 1997 2.28/10,000fg hrs 1998 2.12/10,000fg hrs 1999 2.08/10,000fg hrs

RAF FJ Cat 4/5 AIR ACCIDENTS by Cause 1990-2000

Technical Fault 18% Human Factors (Aircrew) 39% Human Factors (Non Aircrew) 2% Not Positively Determined 14% Other 15% Natural and Operating Risk 13%

PREDATOR MISHAP by Cause 1994-2008

Technical Fault 69% Human Factors 8% Other 11% Natural and Operating Risk 11%

95%

DISPROPORTIONATE!

HF DISPROPORTIONATE!

REAPER Basics

• Dimensions

– Wingspan 66’ – Length 36’ – Max gross weight 10,500 lbs

• Max speed 250 KTAS
• Endurance

– 20 hrs clean – 12+ hrs fully combat loaded

• Operating altitude

– 30K+ with weapons – 50K+ clean

500 lb bombs MQ 9 V-A10 size Hellfire

Predator Reaper

Factor GTOW 2,250 lb (1022 kg) 10,500 lb (4772 kg) 4.6 HP 105 900 8.6 Maximum Altitude 25,000 50,000+ 2 Maximum Speed 120 KTAS 250 KTAS 2 Fuel 600 lb (273 kg) 4,000 lb (1804 kg) 6.6 Payload Nose 450 lb (204 kg) 850 lb (386 kg) 1.8 Payload Wing 250 lb (113 kg) 3,000 lb (1363 kg) 12 Endurance 40 hr (18) 20+ hr (14) 0.5

MQ-1 PREDATOR A MQ-9 PREDATOR B - REAPER

SPOT THE DIFFERENCE…

The Regulatory Issues Debate

3 Pillars Of ICAO Compliance

Article 31 Article 32 Article 12

Flt Crew License Op Reqs “Rules of Air” Airworthiness MIL STD 516? STANAG 4671? FAR Pt23? JAR CS23??

SAFETY ENHANCEMENTS

• Triplex avionics
• Redundant flight controls

and control surfaces

• Lessons from PRED A
• Military Standard 1760

Stores Management System QUOTED SAFETY ISSUES

• QA?
• “Experimental” COA?
• USAF Wpns SOPs
• Non FAR Pt23?

?

PREDATOR B – MQ-9 REAPER

Redundant Control Module (RCM) Processing center of flight control system Triple redundant flight computer architecture Universal Asynchronous RS RS-422 Bus (UARB) Dual redundant communication network for all flight critical nodes “Smart Smart” Servo Actuators Microcontroller based design with dual UARB interface Redundant Flight Surfaces 4 flaps, 4 ailerons, 4 ruddervators, 1 rudder Honeywell Digital Electronic Engine Control (DEEC) Engine sensor feedback (DEEC mode only) ARINC 429 interface Engine & Fuel Interface Unit (EFIU) Engine sensor feedback (DEEC and b/u mode) Dual UARB interface Triplex Embedded GPS/INS (EGI) Units Honeywell H-764 with embedded Trimble Force 5 GPS receiver Redundant data interfaces to flight computers in RCM Each EGI connected to dedicated GPS antenna Triplex Air Data Sensor Sets 3 heated pitots, 6 heated static ports 6 Precision Pressure Transducers (PPT) Alpha/Beta/OAT Probe Alpha/Beta: vanes connected to potentiometers OAT: Solid state sensor Nose Cameras with Heated Lenses 1 daylight camera, 1 long wavelength IR camera Ice Detector Magnetostrictive probe type from Goodrich Architecture 3 Flight Computer Assemblies (FCA) 2 vote processing circuits on Vote Processor Assembly 2 LOS Datalink Processor Assemblies 1 Interface Processor Assembly (IPA) Honeywell TPE331 TPE331-10YGD 10YGD-514GA turboprop engine Engine family has a long history of use in aviation applications TPE331 engines have over 100 million hours of service

…And the list goes on…

WHAT DOES COMMON SENSE SAY TO THE QUOTED SAFETY ISSUES? “Military Judgement”?

PRE DAT OR B/ RE APE R

Mar itime Sur ve illanc e / Hunte r

• Kille r

SKY WARRIOR

U.S. Ar my Gr

• und T

r

• op Suppor

t

PRE DAT OR

Re gional Sur ve illanc e

GA-ASI Family of Aircraft

• Delivered 300+ aircraft
• 525,000+ flight hours

– 85% combat flight hours

• Equipped for IFR flight
• Flown by instrument-rated pilots

– Direct control – In hold modes – altitude, airspeed, heading – Fully autonomous – Auto takeoff/autoland is available

• Voice communications with

– Air traffic controllers – Manned aircraft

• Have the capability to perform

manned aircraft long-endurance missions

PRE DAT OR C/ AVE NGE R

Ste althy? Hunte r

• Kille r

Civilian Missions—Forest Fire Support

• The multi-mission Predator B
• wned by NASA is now supporting

forest fire fighters at the national and state level

Western States Fire Mission Sep 07 IKHANA Route Plotted vs Airways

• Imaged 26 major

fires across nine states

• Flew from

Edwards AFB

• Provided real-

time information

• Maximized

scarce fire fighting resources

• Minimized

hazards to personnel

Border Protection Missions

The multi-mission Predator Bs owned by the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS), Customs and Border Protection (CBP) have been:

– Patrolling the U.S. Border since October 2005 – Expanding its mission to the Northern Border, Great Lakes, both coasts and the Caribbean

THE ITALIAN JOB

ITALIAN PREDATOR A

• 1st Flight Amendola AFB,

Foggia - 7 Dec 04

• Op JUPITER Italian/Russian

Summit in BARI 13-14 Mar 07

– BARI pop 328,500 – CTA Class D – 45,000 Movements in 07

• 35th G8 Summit in L’AQUILA

from 8-10 Jul 09

– L’AQUILA pop 73,000 – ROME FIR/TCA – 406,000 Movements in 08

• ENAC* represents Italy in the

major international civil aviation

• rganizations such as ICAO,

ECAC, EASA and Eurocontrol

• BRS Parachute

*Ente Nazionale per l’Aviozione Civile – Italian CAA

Safety Summary

• CY-06 GA-ASI aircraft flew

– 80,000 hours – 6,200 total missions

• 70% combat

E ve r y se c ond of e ve r y day, 35+ Pr e dator

• se r

ie s air c r aft ar e air bor ne wor ldwide

• CY- 07

– 130,000 ho urs (re pre se nts 50% g ro wth) – 10,000 to ta l missio ns

• 80% c o mb a t

WHAT NO FIRE?

Common Sense Debate

• Operates in CONUS

Class A-E daily

• 35+ flying every

second with an accident rate comparable to MAS

• LOC / FL – 3rd party

damage similar to light aircraft

• All risk on AOC 2Gp,

DE&S and ACAS

• CAP722 recs use of

segregated airspace without Sense/Avoid

• Early accident bad PR

The CAA’s Debate?

LIGHT AVIATION ASSOC PERMIT AIRCRAFT Minimum speed power off in the landing configuration not to exceed - 60 mph IAS Design dive speed not to exceed - 250 mph IAS Aircraft must be amateur built – by its owner Maximum number of seats - 2 Maximum take off weight not to exceed - 912 kgs (2006 lbs) The installed power not to exceed - 260 hp (multi engine configurations to be considered within this total installed power limit) Overflight of congested cities/towns recently approved by CAA until Jul 10…

Could RAF REAPER fly in UK

• Yes
• Operate under mil regulations:

– JSPs 550 and 553 – JAP 100A – Def Stans 00-970, 05-57, 05-122, 05-123, 05-130

• Segregated airspace (SPTA, STANTA,

SENTA? RA(T)s?)

• SENSE & AVOID…

Nose Cameras with Heated Lenses 1 daylight camera, 1 long wavelength IR camera

What is acceptable Sense & Avoid?

Ground Control Station

What is acceptable Sense & Avoid?

IR Picture >10nm Day EO Picture >10nm Taken at 10,000ft by a US REAPER

• perating in CLASS E Airspace in
• California. ATC reported and Link 16 tracks
• n Situational Awareness display.

Resistance to UAV/UAS?

QUESTIONS?