Potential of the PTC use in the industry of Cyprus: Current status - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Potential of the PTC use in the industry of Cyprus: Current status - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Potential of the PTC use in the industry of Cyprus: Current status and proposed scenario Panayiotis K. Ktistis, Rafaela A. Agathokleous, Soteris A. Kalogirou 5 th International Conference on Energy, Sustainability and Climate Change ESCC

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Potential of the PTC use in the industry of Cyprus: Current status and proposed scenario

Panayiotis K. Ktistis, Rafaela A. Agathokleous, Soteris A. Kalogirou 5th International Conference on ‘Energy, Sustainability and Climate Change’ ESCC 2018 Mykonos, Greece, June 4-6,2018

Presentation by: Rafaela Agathokleous, PhD (rafaela.agathokleous@cut.ac.cy)

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Presentation Outline

I. Introduction I. Energy Situation II. Solar Energy Potential III. Energy for the industrial sector II. Main Body I. Case study II. Simulation Dynamic Modelling III. Cost analysis III. Conclusions

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Presentation Outline

I. Introduction I. Energy Situation II. Solar Energy Potential III. Energy for the industrial sector II. Main Body I. Case study II. Simulation Dynamic Modelling III. Cost analysis III. Conclusions

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Energy Situation

  • I. Introduction
  • II. Main Body
  • III. Conclusions
  • Cyprus has a small and isolated energy

system which is not connected with

  • ther energy networks
  • There are no fossil fuel resources
  • Very dependent on imported fuels
  • Cyprus has 3 Power stations of Dekelia,

Moni, and Vasilikos

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Energy Situation

  • I. Introduction
  • II. Main Body
  • III. Conclusions

200 400 600 800 1.000 1.200 1.400 1.600 1.800 1962 1963 1964 1965 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Installed Capacity (MW) Years Electricity Authority of Cyprus R.E.S.

  • 94% of the country’s energy needs are covered by oil

→ Need for better alternatives: RES

  • The last years there is a shift to RES but there is a large space of improvement,

education and motivation about energy from RES

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500 1.000 1.500 2.000 2.500 3.000 3.500 2000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015 Thermal Energy Production (kWh) Years Biomass Systems Geothermal Solar Thermal 50.000 100.000 150.000 200.000 250.000 300.000 350.000 400.000 450.000 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Electricity production (kWh) Year Wind Systems Biomass Systems Photovoltaic Systems

Energy Production by RES

  • I. Introduction
  • II. Main Body
  • III. Conclusions

RES production progress from 2010 to 2013

  • PV energy: 70% ↑
  • Wind energy: 65% ↑

R.E.S production

Upward trend

Photovoltaics Solar Collectors

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Solar Energy Potential

  • I. Introduction
  • II. Main Body
  • III. Conclusions
  • Daily average solar radiation of about 5.4

kWh/m2 on a horizontal surface.

  • The amount of global radiation falling on a

horizontal surface with average weather conditions = 1727 kWh/m2 per year. Monthly average temperature in Nicosia, Cyprus Sunhours in 2016 Solar Energy Potential – Solar Radiation

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Solar Energy Potential

  • I. Introduction
  • II. Main Body
  • III. Conclusions

1,5MWp. 1,5MWp. 5MWp.

Shift to Photovoltaics Solar parks

20.000 40.000 60.000 80.000 100.000 120.000 140.000 160.000 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Electricity from PV systems (kWh) Years

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Solar Energy Potential

  • I. Introduction
  • II. Main Body
  • III. Conclusions
  • Solar thermal collectors for hot water are widely used
  • Worldwide leader country for the use of solar water heating systems per capita
  • The total capacity of glazed water collectors in 2012 was 546.4 kWth per 1000 inhabitants

Coverage: 93% (domestic sector), 50% (tourist industry)

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Energy for the Industrial Sector

  • I. Introduction
  • II. Main Body
  • III. Conclusions

12% 52% 19% 13% 3% 1%

Energy Consumption

Industry Transport Residential Services Agriculture and Fishing 20% 57% 18% 5%

Oil Consumption – Thermal Energy

Industry Transport Other Non energy use 36% 41% 18% 3% 2%

Electricity Consumption

Domestic Commercial Industrial Agriculture Public Lighting

  • I. Introduction
  • II. Main Body
  • III. Conclusions
  • Industrial Sector:
  • 4th biggest energy consumer
  • 3rd biggest electricity consumer
  • 2nd biggest thermal energy consumer (oil consumption)

Need to reduce oil consumption for thermal energy in the industrial sector

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0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 2011 2012 2013 2014

Cost of oil products used in production (€000's)

Years

Manufacture of Furniture, Other Manufacturing and Repair and Installation of Machinery and Equipment Manufacture of Motor Vehicles and Other Transport Equipmnet Manufacture of Machinery and Equipment Manufacture of Electronic and Optical Products and Electrical Equipment Manufacture of Basic Metals and Fabricated Metal Products Manufacture of Other Non-Metallic Mineral Products Manufacture of Rubber and Plastic Products Manufacture of Tobacco Products, Refined Petroleum Products, Chemicals and Chemical Products and Pharmaceutical Products and Preparations Manufacture of Paper and Paper Products and Printing Activities Manufacture of Wood and Wood Products Manufacture of Textiles, Wearing Apparel and Leather Products Manufacture of Food Products, Beverages

Energy for the Industrial Sector

  • I. Introduction
  • II. Main Body
  • III. Conclusions

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Share of electricity consumption (%)

Years

Manufacture of Rubber and Plastic Products Manufacture of Furniture, Other Manufacturing and Repair and Installation of Machinery and Equipment Manufacture of Motor Vehicles and Other Transport Equipmnet Manufacture of Machinery and Equipment Manufacture of Electronic and Optical Products and Electrical Equipment Manufacture of Basic Metals and Fabricated Metal Products Manufacture of Other Non-Metallic Mineral Products Manufacture of Refined Petroleum Products, Chemicals and Chemical Products and Pharmaceutical Products and Preparations Manufacture of Paper and Paper Products and Printing Activities Manufacture of Wood and Wood Products Manufacture of Textiles, Wearing Apparel and Leather Products Manufacture of Food Products, Beverages and Tobacco Products

  • I. Introduction
  • II. Main Body
  • III. Conclusions

Electricity consumption Oil products for thermal energy production

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Energy for the Industrial Sector

  • The thermal load of the food industry and the non-metallic mineral products

industry can be classified in relation to the required temperature range as follows:

  • Low temperature (<100oC)
  • Medium temperature (100oC – 300oC)
  • High temperature (>300oC)
  • I. Introduction
  • II. Main Body
  • III. Conclusions

Thermal demand of various factories from the food and beverage and non-metallic mineral products industries in Cyprus Factory Process Temperature range (°C) Hot water/ steam Average load (tons/h) Wine Sterilization 90 Hot Water 1.5 Milk & Dairy products Sterilization 120 Steam 2.2 Drying Soft drinks Pasteurization 95 Steam 3.5 Cleaning / disinfecting process 150 Steam Meat Cooking 90-100 Steam 1 Beer Cleaning / disinfecting process/ hot water 80-90 Steam 5 Plastics Separation 200-220 Steam 2 Drying 180-200 Steam Blending 120-140 Steam Bricks and blocks Curing 60-140 Steam 4

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Presentation Outline

I. Introduction I. Energy Situation II. Solar Energy Potential III. Energy for the industrial sector II. Main Body I. Case study II. Simulation Dynamic Modelling III. Cost analysis III. Conclusions

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  • System Selection

Case study

  • Site/Factory scenario
  • Location: Limassol, Cyprus
  • Industry: Food and beverage industry
  • Factory: Soft Drinks
  • Thermal demand: 500 kWth
  • Thermal needs: Steam, 150°C
  • Demand: 10 hours/day, 7 days/week
  • I. Introduction
  • II. Main Body
  • III. Conclusions

PTC system Cost Size of the system Energy savings Size of the system

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Simulation Dynamic Modeling

  • I. Introduction
  • II. Main Body
  • III. Conclusions

Software: TRNSYS Weather data: TMY, Nicosia Parameters examined: Storage tank size: 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 m3 Number of collectors: 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160 Parameter Considered for system evaluation: Solar fraction System’s energy cost (Solar Savings)

Storage tank Auxiliary boiler Collectors Weather data Load

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Life Cycle Cost Analysis

LCCA Method General Assumptions:

  • Return of investment: 7%
  • Pre-payment: 20%
  • Loan interest rate: 7%
  • Loan duration: 20 years
  • I. Introduction
  • II. Main Body
  • III. Conclusions

LCCA Assumptions:

System components & fuel Cost Collectors 270 €/m2 (11.25 m2/collector) Steam generator, steam boiler, control system, pipes and pumps €34,000 Fuel 20 €/GJ (+1% cost added per year) Maintenance cost 7% (+1% cost added per year) Storage tank cost depending on the size (15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 m3)

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Feasibility analysis

  • I. Introduction
  • II. Main Body
  • III. Conclusions

100 110 120 130 140 150 160 0.48 0.50 0.52 0.54 0.56 0.58 0.60 0.62 0.64 0.66 0.68

Solar Fraction Number of collectors Case 1: Storage 15 m

3

Case 2: Storage 20 m

3

Case 3: Storage 25 m

3

Case 4: Storage 30 m

3

Case 5: Storage 35 m

3

100 110 120 130 140 150 160 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000

Present Worth of Solar Savings 1st year Number of collectors Case 1: Storage 15 m

3

Case 2: Storage 20 m

3

Case 3: Storage 25 m

3

Case 4: Storage 30 m

3

Case 5: Storage 35 m

3

Number

  • f PTC

Case 1 Storage tank: 15m3 Case 2 Storage tank: 20m3 Case 3 Storage tank: 25m3 Case 4 Storage tank: 30m3 Case 5 Storage tank: 35m3 Solar fraction Present worth of solar savings 1st year Solar fraction Present worth of solar savings 1st year Solar fraction Present worth of solar savings 1st year Solar fraction Present worth of solar savings 1st year Solar fraction Present worth of solar savings 1st year 100 0.511 16,140.52 0.511 15,909.33 0.508 15,309.73 0.503 14,478.12 0.499 13,714.92 110 0.547 16,430.62 0.549 16,445.03 0.549 16,213.84 0.547 15,750.64 0.544 15,110.24 120 0.574 15,615.48 0.58 16,121.11 0.582 16,135.53 0.583 16,040.74 0.581 15,523.14 130 0.597 14,309.13 0.604 14,937.56 0.609 15,320.39 0.611 15,348.41 0.611 15,076.42 140 0.615 12,388.75 0.624 13,262.80 0.63 13,768.43 0.633 13,919.25 0.635 13,892.87 150 0.631 10,222.78 0.642 11,342.43 0.648 11,848.06 0.653 12,244.48 0.655 12,218.10 160 0.645 7,811.19 0.657 9,053.64 0.664 9,682.08 0.669 10,078.50 0.672 10,174.93

Results of 35 simulation runs

  • Nu. of collectors

Storage tank volume m3 Overall cost € Present worth value 1st year € Solar fraction 110 15 373,125 16,430.62 0.547 110 20 374,825 16,445.03 0.549 110 25 376,525 16,213.84 0.549 120 25 406,900 16,135.53 0.582 120 30 408,500 16,040.74 0.583 120 35 410,500 15,523.14 0.581

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Feasibility analysis

  • I. Introduction
  • II. Main Body
  • III. Conclusions

Number

  • f PTC

Case 1 Storage tank: 15m3 Case 2 Storage tank: 20m3 Case 3 Storage tank: 25m3 Case 4 Storage tank: 30m3 Case 5 Storage tank: 35m3 Solar fraction Present worth of solar savings 1st year Solar fraction Present worth of solar savings 1st year Solar fraction Present worth of solar savings 1st year Solar fraction Present worth of solar savings 1st year Solar fraction Present worth of solar savings 1st year 100 0.511 16,140.52 0.511 15,909.33 0.508 15,309.73 0.503 14,478.12 0.499 13,714.92 110 0.547 16,430.62 0.549 16,445.03 0.549 16,213.84 0.547 15,750.64 0.544 15,110.24 120 0.574 15,615.48 0.58 16,121.11 0.582 16,135.53 0.583 16,040.74 0.581 15,523.14 130 0.597 14,309.13 0.604 14,937.56 0.609 15,320.39 0.611 15,348.41 0.611 15,076.42 140 0.615 12,388.75 0.624 13,262.80 0.63 13,768.43 0.633 13,919.25 0.635 13,892.87 150 0.631 10,222.78 0.642 11,342.43 0.648 11,848.06 0.653 12,244.48 0.655 12,218.10 160 0.645 7,811.19 0.657 9,053.64 0.664 9,682.08 0.669 10,078.50 0.672 10,174.93

Results of 35 simulation runs Final selected system:

  • Collectors: 120 (1350 m2)
  • Solar fraction: 0.583
  • Storage tank: 30 m2
  • Nu. of collectors

Storage tank volume m3 Overall cost € Present worth value 1st year € Solar fraction 110 15 373,125 16,430.62 0.547 110 20 374,825 16,445.03 0.549 110 25 376,525 16,213.84 0.549 120 25 406,900 16,135.53 0.582 120 30 408,500 16,040.74 0.583 120 35 410,500 15,523.14 0.581

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Feasibility analysis

  • I. Introduction
  • II. Main Body
  • III. Conclusions

750 1500 2250 3000 3750 4500 5250 6000 6750 7500 8250 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000 2,500,000 3,000,000

Thermal Energy (kJ/hr) Hour of the year F J M A M J J A S O N D

PTC AUX

J a n u a r y F e b r u a r y M a r c h A p r i l M a y J u n e J u l y A u g u s t S e p t e m b e r O c t

  • b

e r N

  • v

e m b e r D e c e m b e r 100 200 300 400 500 600 700

Thermal Energy (GJ) QuColl QAux

Annual thermal energy production of the selected system: 7420 GJ

  • 4700 GJ by the PTC system
  • 2720 GJ from the auxiliary steam boiler
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Cost Analysis

  • Final selected system:
  • Total cost: €408,500.00
  • Payback period: 5-6 years
  • Overall savings: € 142,690.24
  • I. Introduction
  • II. Main Body
  • III. Conclusions

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

  • 100,000
  • 50,000

50,000 100,000 150,000

Energy savings (€) Years

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 76,000 78,000 80,000 82,000 84,000 86,000 88,000 90,000 92,000 94,000

Fuel savings (€) Years

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Presentation Outline

I. Introduction I. Energy Situation II. Solar Energy Potential III. Energy for the industrial sector II. Main Body I. Case study II. Simulation Dynamic Modelling III. Cost analysis III. Conclusions

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Summary

  • The climate of Cyprus has a great potential for solar energy systems
  • The industrial sector has high thermal energy demand
  • PTC is proposed for industrial process heat generation due to the temperature

range

  • Different storage tank sizes and collector’s area are tested.
  • The payback period is acceptable, 5-6 years.
  • 58% of the thermal load is covered by the solar system.
  • I. Introduction
  • II. Main Body
  • III. Conclusions
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Future work

✓Validation: On-site measurements from the first pilot PTC system on the island ✓Storage: Test the model with different storage types ✓Scale-up: Optimise the system for more industrial factories in different locations with different thermal needs ✓Experimentation: Build a pilot PTC system for performance monitoring

  • I. Introduction
  • II. Main Body
  • III. Conclusions
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Thank you for your attention..

Rafaela Agathokleous Email: rafaela.agathokleous@cut.ac.cy

Acknowledgements

The work is supported by the project ‘Evaluation of the Dispatchability of a Parabolic Trough Collector System with Concrete Storage’ with acronym ‘EDITOR’ from technological development and innovation 2009-2010, KOINA/SOLAR-ERA.NET/0114, which is co-financed by the European Development Fund, and the Research Promotion Foundation of the Republic of Cyprus.