PFAS in Maine water, sediment, and fish Presented to Governor - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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PFAS in Maine water, sediment, and fish Presented to Governor - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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PFAS in Maine water, sediment, and fish Presented to Governor Mills PFAS Task Force September 25, 2019 by Barry Mower, PhD, Biologist III Division of Environmental Assessment MAINE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Protecting

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PFAS in Maine water, sediment, and fish

Presented to Governor Mills’ PFAS Task Force September 25, 2019 by Barry Mower, PhD, Biologist III Division of Environmental Assessment

MAINE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

Protecting Maine’s Air, Land and Water

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What are PFAS?

  • Per- and PolyFluoroAlkyl Substances
  • PFOA, PFOS
  • Manmade, ubiquitous
  • Organic compounds, H is replaced with F,

has a functional group

  • C-F bond, strongest covalent bond
  • 1000s different chemicals

MAINE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION www.maine.gov/dep

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PFAS Properties

  • Hydrophobic and lipophobic
  • Resist stains, heat, water, oil
  • Very mobile, very persistent
  • Bioaccumulate

MAINE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION www.maine.gov/dep

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Why are they at DOD sites?

  • AFFF, aqueous film-forming foams
  • Used at crash sites, spills, fire training
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Potential Release Sites

Amec Foster Wheeler, 2016 Site Investigation Report

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Site Investigation

  • 2015

– 23 Surface water samples – 22 Sediment samples – 15 Fish tissue samples

  • 2016

– 12 Surface water samples – 13 Sediment samples – 2 Fish tissue samples

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6:2FTS 8:2FTS NETFOSAA NMEFOSAA PFBA PFBS PFDA PFDoA PFHpA PFHxA PFHxS PFNA PFOA PFOS PFPeA PFTeDA PFTrDA PFUnA 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400

Loring 2016 Surface Wa

n = 13 PFOA PFOS

Surface Water Results

ng/L Residential Construction Worker SL PFOA 70 750,000 PFOS 70 750,000

2018 DEP RAGs

6:2FTS 8:2FTS NETFOSAA NMEFOSAA PFBA PFBS PFDA PFDoA PFHpA PFHxA PFHxS PFNA PFOA PFOS PFPeA PFTeDA PFTrDA PFUnA 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400

Loring 2015 Surface Wa

n = 23 PFOA PFOS

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Surface Water 2015 Results, ng/L

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Surface Water Results

  • PFOS and PFHxS most commonly detected,

greatest concentrations.

  • PFOA, PFHxA also commonly detected.
  • 17 PFOS exceedances (2018 Residential)
  • 2 PFOA exceedances (2018 residential)
  • Western drainage to Greenlaw Brook more

impacted than eastern Butterfield Brook.

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Sediment Results

ng/g Screening PFOA 5,700 PFOS 5,700 2018 RAGs

6:2FTS 8:2FTS NETFOSAA NMEFOSAA PFBA PFBS PFDA PFDoA PFHpA PFHxA PFHxS PFNA PFOA PFOS PFPeA PFTeDA PFTrDA PFUnA 20 40 60 80

Loring 2016 Sediment, n

n = 12 PFOA/PFOS 6:2FTS 8:2FTS NETFOSAA NMEFOSAA PFBA PFBS PFDA PFDoA PFHpA PFHxA PFHxS PFNA PFOA PFOS PFPeA PFTeDA PFTrDA PFUnA 20 40 60 80

Loring 2015 Sediment, n

n = 22 PFOA/PFOS

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Sediment Results

  • PFOS most commonly detected.
  • PFOA, PFHxS also commonly detected, but

very low concentrations

  • No exceedances.
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Fish Tissue 2015 Results

Number of Meals Daily Fish Consumptio n Rate (kg/day) Sensitive Population FTAL (ug/kg wet weight) General Population FTAL (ug/kg wet weight) One meal per week 0.0324 34.1 79.0 Two meals per month 0.0162 68.1 158.0 One meal per month 0.00757 145.8 338.2

MeCDC Human Health Fish Tissue Action Levels

6:2FTS 8:2FTS NETFOSAA NMEFOSAA PFBA PFBS PFDA PFDoA PFHpA PFHxA PFHxS PFNA PFOA PFOS PFOSA PFPeA PFTeDA PFTrDA PFUnA 100 200 300 400

Loring Skinless Fillets, n

n = 13 Recreational Subsistence

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Fish Tissue 2015 Results

O = Offal SF = Skinless Fillets SOF = Skin-On Fillets

O SF SOF 1000 2000 3000 4000 PFOS, ng/g Recreational Subsistence

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Fish Tissue 2015 Results

2016 Results 2 Background samples: 2.17, 2.80 ng/g

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Fish Tissue Results

  • PFOS was most commonly detected PFAS.
  • All the fish samples had exceedances, except

for background samples.

  • PFOS concentrations greater in western

drainage than in eastern.

  • PFOS concentrations in offal and skin are

greater than in fillets.

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LAFB Conclusions

  • PFOS is most commonly detected PFAS in all media.
  • Surface water:

– 17 PFOS exceedances of 2018 residential screening levels. – PFHxS concentrations similar to PFOS. – Detections of PFOA, PFHxA.

  • Sediment: no exceedances, mostly PFOS.
  • Fish tissue:

– PFOS exceedances for all LAFB samples except background. – PFOS had greatest concentrations.

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SWAT

  • Surface Water Ambient Toxics (SWAT)

monitoring program (38 MRS §420-B)

  • In order to determine the nature, scope and

severity of toxic contamination in the surface waters and fisheries of the State

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0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 MSE-WHP KGD-SMB KGD-WHC SRF-FLF SRF-SMB MXW-SMB ACB-BKT ACB-FLF

PFOS (ng/g) RIVER/SPECIES

PFOS in fish from rivers below POTWs, 2015

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5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 MSE-WHP MSE-LMB NUM 1 P-LMB MOUSAM L-LMB

PFOS ng/g STATION

PFOS in white perch (WHP) and largemouth bass(LMB) from Mousam River at Estes Lake (MSE), Number One Pond , and Mousam Lake

2015 2016 MRA

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2019 SWAT SAP (FW Fish)

  • SAMPLE FISH FROM RIVERS NEAR BIOSOLIDS SPREADING SITES
  • ANDROSCOGGIN RIVER, 6 SITES RUMFORD POINT TO LISBON, 1 SPECIES
  • HALFMOON STREAM, 2 SITES, ABOVE AND BELOW FARM, 1 SPECIES
  • KENNEBEC RIVER, 6 SITES ANSON TO GARDINER, 2 SPECIES
  • KENNEBUNK RIVER, 2 SITES, ABOVE AND BELOW FARM
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PFAS in Marine Bivalve Tissues

2013 - 2017

  • A Brief Summary of Work Completed to Date

by the Marine Project of the SWAT Program

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PFAS in Blue Mussels

Four spatial subsamples (composites) per site, 12 PFCs examined. 2013

  • East End Beach, Portland

PFOSA in all 4 spatial samples

(1.99 –2.82 ng/g wet wt.)

  • Sears Island, Searsport

All non-detect 2014

  • Harpswell Cove, Harpswell

PFOSA in 3 of 4 spatial samples

(0.63 – 0.82 ng/g wet wt.)

  • Navy Pier, Harpswell

PFOSA in 3 of 4 spatial samples (0.70 – 0.95 ng/g wet wt.) PFHpA in 1 of 4 spatial samples (0.86 ng/g wet wt.)

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PFAS in Blue Mussels

Four spatial subsamples (composites) per site, 12 PFCs examined. 2016

  • Mare Brook, Harpswell

PFOSA in 2 of 4 spatial samples (0.49 – 0.63 ng/g wet wt.) (this site closer to BNAS than 2014 Harpswell Cove site)

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PFAS in Softshell Clams

Four spatial subsamples (composites) per site, 12 PFCs examined, “whole” and “edible” (skin/membrane removed) tissues tested separately. 2013

  • Mast Cove, Piscataqua River

All non-detect

  • Presumpscot River, Portland

All non-detect 2017

  • Mare Brook, Harpswell

All non-detect

  • Broad Cove, Eastport

All non-detect (5 spatial subsamples)

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2019 SWAT SAP (Marine Shellfish)

  • Blue Mussels

Fore R. and Inner Fore R., S. Portland; East End Beach, Portland; Presumpscot R., Portland; Perkins Is., Georgetown; Town Cove, Boothbay Harbor; Crockett Point, Rockland; Penobscot R., Prospect to Stockton Springs; E. Machias Bay, Cutler; Dennys R., Edmunds. (Ten sites in total, four spatial subsamples at each).

  • Softshell Clams

Hilton Cove and Pottle Cove, Wiscasset. (Two sites in total, four spatial subsamples at each).

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Barry Mower barry.f.mower@maine.gov 207-215-0291 www.maine.gov/dep