PCI BIG BEAM COMPETITION CHRISTOPHER CHAPMAN DEMIAN PERERA HAITHAM - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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PCI BIG BEAM COMPETITION CHRISTOPHER CHAPMAN DEMIAN PERERA HAITHAM - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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PCI BIG BEAM COMPETITION CHRISTOPHER CHAPMAN DEMIAN PERERA HAITHAM MURAD SARAH RZESZUT APRIL 24 TH , 2020 CENE 486 - FINAL PRESENTATION 1 STAKEHOLDERS Figure 1. NAU Logo Figure 2. PCI Logo Figure 3. TPAC Logo 2 PROJECT INTRODUCTION

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SLIDE 1

PCI BIG BEAM COMPETITION

CHRISTOPHER CHAPMAN DEMIAN PERERA HAITHAM MURAD SARAH RZESZUT APRIL 24TH, 2020 CENE 486 - FINAL PRESENTATION

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SLIDE 2

STAKEHOLDERS

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Figure 1. NAU Logo Figure 2. PCI Logo Figure 3. TPAC Logo

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SLIDE 3

PROJECT INTRODUCTION

Purpose:

  • Analyze, design, and test a

prestressed concrete beam Technical Aspects and Considerations:

  • Rules for the competition
  • 20-foot long beam
  • Crack after 20 kips
  • Break between 32-40 kips

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Figure 4. Load Distribution

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SLIDE 4

MILESTONES

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  • Task 1: Preliminary

Research

  • Task 2: Preliminary

Beam Design

  • Task 3: Final Design

and Analysis

  • Task 4: Predictions
  • Task 5: Shop Drawings
  • Task 6: Casting of

Beam

  • Task 7: Testing of Beam
  • Task 8: Project

Management

  • Task 9: Project Impacts
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SLIDE 5

TASK 1: PRELIMINARY RESEARCH

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1.1 Three Stages of Design Prestressed Concrete Beam

  • Release
  • Cracking load
  • Ultimate strength

1.2 Preliminary Cross-Section Designs

  • I-beam
  • T-beam
  • Box
  • Hollow Box

1.3 Preliminary Decision Matrix

  • Determine decision

matrix criteria based off PCI scoring

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SLIDE 6

TASK 1.1: THREE STAGES OF DESIGN PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BEAM

  • Release (1)
  • Cracking load (2)
  • Ultimate strength (3)

6 P = Vertical Load A = Area MPS = Moment prestress c = Distance from fiber to neutral axis I = Moment of Inertia fc28 = 28 compressive stress MD = Moment dead load MLL = Moment live load Ap = Area Prestressing fp = Stress due to prestress 𝞒1 = Depth factor

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SLIDE 7

TASK 1.1: THREE STAGES OF DESIGN PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BEAM

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Figure 5. Release Process

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SLIDE 8

TASK 1.2: PRELIMINARY DESIGNS

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I-Beam T-Beam Box

Figure 6. I-Beam Figure 7. T-Beam Figure 8. Hollow Box

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SLIDE 9

TASK 1.3: PRELIMINARY DECISION MATRIX

  • Determine decision matrix criteria based off PCI scoring
  • Lowest cost
  • Lowest weight
  • Largest deflection

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Figure 9. PCI Logo

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SLIDE 10

TASK 2: PRELIMINARY BEAM DESIGN

2.1 Initial Beam Designs

  • Design 6 beam options with

different depths and cross sections 2.2 Final Decision Matrix

  • Mix selection
  • Beam selection

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Figure 10. MathCAD Logo

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SLIDE 11

TASK 2.1: INITIAL BEAM DESIGN

  • Design 6 beam options with different depths and cross sections

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I-Beam T-Beam Box

Figure 12. I-Beam Figure 11. Box Figure 13. T-Beam

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SLIDE 12

TASK 2.2: DECISION MATRIX

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Table 1. Beam Decision Matrix

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SLIDE 13

TASK 3: PRELIMINARY RESEARCH

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3.1 Shear Design 3.2 Reinforcement Design 3.3 Cracking Load 3.4 Max Load at Midspan

Figure 14. Bending Beam

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SLIDE 14

TASK 3.1: SHEAR DESIGN

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Figure 15. Equations for Shear

Vcia = Flexure Shear Capacity ⋋ = factor for density of concrete fc = Compressive stress of concrete bw = base width dp = distance from compression steel to prestressing vd = shear force due to dead load vi = shear force due to max moment Mcre = Moment of cracking die to applied load Mmax = Maximum moment Vcib = Flexure Shear Capacity Vcw = Web Shear Capacity fpc = Compressive stress of concrete resisting external loads vp = Vertical effective prestress force

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SLIDE 15

TASK 3.1: SHEAR DESIGN

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  • Shear design is based off the smaller value of the Flexure Shear

Capacity (Vci) and Web Shear Capacity (Vcw)

  • Calculated at the support that has maximum shear and the load

point which has the maximum shear

  • No.3 stirrups at 18” spacing were used on beam
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SLIDE 16

Figure 16. Live Load Diagrams

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SLIDE 17

Figure 17. Self Weight Diagram

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SLIDE 18

Figure 18. Combined Diagram

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TASK 3.2: REINFORCEMENT DESIGN

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Compression Steel (top of beam)

  • 3 No. 4 bars

Prestressing Strand (bottom of beam)

  • 2 of .5” Diameter Low Relax Strands

Figure 19. Big Beam Theory Logo

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SLIDE 20

TASK 3.3: CRACKING LOAD

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21.083 kip

Figure 20. MathCAD Sheet for Cracking Load

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TASK 3.4: MAX LOAD AT MIDSPAN

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37.062 kip

Figure 21. MathCAD Sheet for Max Load

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SLIDE 22

TASK 4: PREDICTIONS

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4.1 Response 2000

  • Moment curvature and Internal

moment and axial force 4.2 Prediction Calculations

  • Deflection
  • Camber

Figure 22. Response 2000 Logo

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SLIDE 23

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Figure 23. Response 2000 Input

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SLIDE 24

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Figure 24. Response 2000 Output

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SLIDE 25

TASK 4.1: RESPONSE 2000

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Figure 25. Response 2000 Output Cracking Depth Cracking Moment Maximum Moment Cracking Moment

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SLIDE 26

TASK 4.1: RESPONSE 2000

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Figure 26. Response 2000 Output

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TASK 4.2: PREDICTION CALCULATIONS

  • Deflection - .477 inches
  • Camber - .042 inches

Figure 27. Beam Bending

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TASK 4.2: PREDICTION CALCULATIONS

Losses

  • Elastic Shortening = 3.38 ksi
  • Beam length gets shorter
  • Creep of Concrete = 4.28 ksi
  • Pressure causes deformation in

the concrete

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Figure 28. Last year’s formwork

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SLIDE 29

TASK 4.2: PREDICTION CALCULATIONS

Losses

  • Shrinkage of Concrete = 10.29 ksi
  • Drying of concrete affects stretch of

the strands

  • Average annual humidity percentage
  • Relaxation of Tendons = 4.28 ksi
  • Strands relaxation over time

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Figure 29. Last year’s Screeding of Concrete

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TASK 5: SHOP DRAWINGS

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5.1 AutoCAD

  • 5.1.1 Side Elevation
  • 5.1.2 Cross Section
  • 5.1.3 Profile View

Figure 30. AutoCAD Logo

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SLIDE 31

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Figure 31. Shop Drawings

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TASK 5.1.1: SIDE ELEVATION

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Figure 32. Side Elevation

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TASK 5.1.2: CROSS SECTION

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Figure 33. Cross Section

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TASK 5.1.3: PROFILE VIEW

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Figure 34. Profile View

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TASK 6: CASTING OF BEAM

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Casting Info:

  • Poured on 3/23 at 9am

in Phoenix

  • The Beam should be

approaching 8,000 psi

Figure 35. Beam at TPAC facility

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SLIDE 36

TASK 7: TESTING OF BEAM

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Figure 36. Last Year's Beam at NAU Lab

Current Status of Beam:

  • The beam is still at

TPAC facility because

  • f COVID-19
  • The beam will be

tested early May if the “stay at home” order is lifted

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SLIDE 37

TASK 8: PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Reports Website Meetings

  • Team
  • Grading Instructor
  • Technical Advisor

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Figure 37. Team Website

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SLIDE 38

TASK 9: PROJECT IMPACTS

  • Regulatory: Competition rules
  • Environmental: Mining of cement is the 3rd largest CO2 emissions in the

world.

  • Social: Winning can bring NAU more students by showing potential

students that NAU can beat top ranked schools in competitions

  • Economic: Increases the demand of jobs for getting the materials for the

concrete and casting the beam

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WHAT WE WOULD DO DIFFERENT

  • Build more float into schedule
  • Weekly calendar updates
  • More TA meetings
  • Better communication with TPAC
  • Start design earlier
  • Stay on top of design work

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ANY QUESTIONS? THANK YOU FOR LISTENING

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Figure 38. The Big Beam Theory Logo

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REFERENCES

  • [1] R. Tuchscherer, Lecture Slides, Flagstaff: NAU, 2019.
  • [2] "2019-2020 PCI Competition".
  • [3] ACI 318-19 Code
  • [4] PCI Design Handbook 7th Edition

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