Outline Part 1 The High Voltage grid Sources of Energy at CERN - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System October 24-26, 2012

THE HIGH-VOLTAGE NETWORK OF CERN

TODAY

François Duval Head of the Electrical Engineering Group EN Department CERN

Outline

 The High Voltage grid  Sources of Energy at CERN  Normal operation  Degraded Operating Modes  Critical Points  Present Power Consumption  Estimates at the HL-LHC Horizon  Methodology  Power Requirements

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The Status of the CERN Distribution Network Present Consumption and Future Estimates

Part 1 Part 2

The CERN Accelerator Complex

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The layout

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The Layout of the HV Grid

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The Present HV Network

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Meyrin & the PS 1950 - 1960’s Prévessin & the SPS 1970’s LHC 1980’s - 2000

The Present HV Network

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Main source EDF > 300 MW Alternative source SIG/ALPIQ ≤ 60 MW

The Different Voltage Levels

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400 kV From the French grid through an interconnection substation “Bois- Tollot” located 300 m from CERN 400 kV. An OHL is connected to the busbar (no incomer). From this busbar, 5 CBs feed 5 power transformers (3 400/18 kV and 2 400/66 kV) 66 kV Feeds 5 LHC Points & the Prevessin Distribution Substation (BE9) from a double busbar substation with no redundancy. 20 kV Safety feeders from public distribution at LHC points 18 kV Various 18 kV distribution system (loops, antenna distribution with redundancy, direct feeders to big loads) 6.3 kV Local system from Diesel generators 3.3 kV Local 3.3 kV system for big motors (compressors) and Diesel generators

The Sources of Energy at CERN

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The Sources

 EDF/RTE

 400MVA

 SIG/Alpiq

 60MVA  Emergency source

 The evolution

 Sharing between the two sources until 1995,  For cost reasons and the limited available power the relegation of

the SIG source to a back-up source to be used only in case of

• utage of the EDF source or during maintenance

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Quality

 The quality of the energy delivered at CERN is

affected by external and internal causes:

 Internal

 High level of Harmonics from power converters  Voltage drops from short circuits  Lack of selectivity

 External

 Harmonics 2 from Power transformers energizing through

CERN filters

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Quality

 Voltage drops due to faults on the grid (mainly lightning)

This topic was specified for the LHC project (EDMS 113154 Main parameters of the LHC 400/230 V distribution system)

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Quality

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Normal Operation

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The 66 kV network of the LHC Sites and the General Services for the the LHC, the SPS and its North Experimental Area

▶

EHT4 and EHT5 110MVA 400/66 kV, identical and

• perate in parallel

▶

EHT7 70 MVA 66/18 kV feeds the General Services of the Prevessin Site, the SPS and the LHC

▶

The LHC is fed, without any redundancy, from LHC points

 1 EHT102 70 MVA 66/18

kV

 2, 4, 6 & 8, EHT102/103

38 MVA 66/18 kV

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Normal Operation

The 18 kV pulsed network

• f the magnet system of

the SPS and its North Experimental Area

▶

From the BE substation which is made of 3 busbars, each one fed from a 400/18 kV 90 MVA transformer, each busbar is connected to an SVC system of 120/150 MVAR

▶

2 busbars out of 3 are necessary to

• perate the pulsed network

▶

The high capacitive current generated by the SVC is higher than the performance of the 18 kV CB, therefore the busbar protection is supported by the 18 kV incomers with the risk of high capacitive currents to be cut.

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Normal Operation

The Meyrin Site

▶

All the Meyrin site is fed from the main substation in LHC Point 1 through the MP5 link (60 MVA)

▶

There is no separation between General Services network and the facilities (accelerators, experimental areas, computer centre, etc.)

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Normal Operation

Autotransfert

▶

There is an automatic reconfiguration of the general services network called AUTOTRANSFERT managed by PLCs.

▶

It is based on the presence of voltage on the following busbars: BE9, ME9 and SEM12

Degraded Operation

 With the present consumption (LHC at 4 TeV)

the network is able to cope with the outage of

• ne major component:

 a transformer (400/66 kV or 66/18 kV) or  an 18 kV site inter-site link.

 In the event of such a failure, the 18 kV network

can be reconfigured to support accelerator

• perations at nominal power.

 See EDMS document no. 1079852

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Degraded Operation

 Outage of

EHT7

 The load is taken

by EHT3

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Degraded Operation

 Outage of

EHT102 in LHC Point 1

 The load is taken

via inter-site link MP6 on EHT7 and from SIG

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Degraded Operation

 Outage of

EHT4 or EHT5

 The load is taken

by EHT3

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Degraded Operation

 Outage of

EHT102 in any

• f the LHC

Points 2,4,6 or 8

 No redundancy !

(only spares: one week to repair)

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Degraded Operation

 Outage of

inter-site link MP5

 The load is taken

via inter-site link MP6 and EHT7

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Degraded Operation

 Outage of

inter-site link MP7

 The load is taken

via inter-site link MP6

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Critical Points

 The network has a number of weak

points that affect

 operational capability,  availability,  maintainability,  economy,  reliability and  safety.

 There are components

 the failure of which would have a long-term

impact on accelerator operations and/or

 have

• perational

limitations linked to network dimensioning and maintenance.

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Operational Capability 1

 The Meyrin site is fed only by one substation (ME9

JURA). This substation has two sources:

 SIG/Alpiq (Switzerland) through ME10  EDF (France) through LHC Point 1

 Operation with a single 400/66 kV 110 MVA

transformer is only possible if transformer EHT3 do not operate on the SPS pulsed network.

 The network does not allow reconfigurations to

supply loads which are critical for the operation of the LHC

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Operational Capability 2

 The 18 kV substation (ME43) for the computer centre

in building 513 is part of the 18 kV ring that supplies the PS Booster and ISOLDE. This ring is operating near its rated capacity.

 The inter-site links (MP6 & MP7, today limited to 30

MVA) do not allow all degraded modes at full power.

 The mixing in some substations (BE9 and ME59) of

interconnection and distribution functions limits the

• peration capability.

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Availability

 The diversity of technologies used for the switchgears

and protection relays,

 The complexity of the HV grid,  The numerous possibilities for reconfiguration and  The need for very rapid fault-clearing

make the task of implementing protection and efficient selectivity difficult.

 No separation between the General Services Network

and the facilities on the Meyrin site (accelerators, experimental areas, computer centre, etc.)

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Maintainability

 The yearly tests of the AUTOTRANSFERT system,

cannot be done without power cuts on the Meyrin site

 During the maintenance of the 400 kV substation,

CERN is limited to 60 MVA because of the SIG source; this leads to continuous delays of the maintenance

• perations.

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Reliability related to ageing

 The power cables of SPS are close to their end of life.

Pulsed and not filtered currents overstress the junctions and the failure rate is sharply increasing.

 The 400 kV busbars and auxiliary connections require

replacement

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Redundancy

 A single OHL connects the 400 kV source to CERN  The 66 kV distribution for the LHC is made of 5

antennas

 The power demand of the CERN Control Centre has

grown and eroded the redundancy and maintainability.

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Safety

 Most of the equipment (cubicles and cables) of Meyrin,

Prevessin and SPS date from the 60’s or 70’s; they are no longer in compliance with the currently applicable standards for safety and operational reliability.

 The 400 kV substation at BE lacks protection (such as

firewalls) against the spread of a possible fire from one

• f the five transformers to adjacent installations.

 The Diesel safety network of the SPS cannot meet

anymore the needs of the Prévessin site

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Economy

 With the present power consumption, the failure of

some of the network components can be tolerated. This involves network reconfigurations which require in some cases the connection to the SIG (Switzerland) source where energy is very expensive.

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Outline

 The High Voltage grid  Sources of Energy at CERN  Normal operation  Degraded Operating Modes  Critical Points  Present Power Consumption  Estimates at the HL-LHC Horizon  Methodology  Power Requirements

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The Status of the CERN Distribution Network Present Consumption and Future Estimates

Part 1 Part 2

Present Power Consumption

 Present power consumption was measured in July

2012;

 The

power values are the average

• f

instantaneous power over 10 minutes

 A particular attention is required on the

difference between measured power flowing through a bus-bar and the sum of the power measured downstream

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Present Power Consumption

Measured in July 2012

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Estimates for the Future

The inventory 1.

Future upgrades/consolidations :

 LHC operation at 7 TeV per beam  HL-LHC project  Upgrades of the LHC experiments  Planned upgrades and consolidation of the accelerators  Planned increase of the capacity of the Computer Centre.

2.

The shutdown of CNGS, DIRAC and LINAC2

3.

Approved future or ongoing projects both in Prévessin and Meyrin:

 CCC consolidation,  New Building 107,  Consolidation Building 867 and  Additional needs of the various laboratories and test areas.

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Estimates for the Future

Methodology

 The estimated active and reactive power figures set

• ut in the tables of this document are based

exclusively on the power load forecasts provided by the users and do not take rectification in account.

 The drop in consumption during long shutdowns are

not considered.

 Power forecasts on 400/66 et 66/18 kV transformers

have been done considering only the existing filters and TCRs. Also, any filter failure will impact the

• peration of the accelerators.

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Estimates for the Future

LHC at 7 TeV

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+31 %

Estimates for the Future

HL-LHC

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+41 %