OpenEnergySim: an International Collaboration Platform for Green ITS - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

JST Japan –Austria Joint Workshop on „ICT‟ October 19, 2010 (13:30 – 13:55) OpenEnergySim: an International Collaboration Platform for Green ITS (Intelligent Transport Systems) Principal Investigator: Helmut Prendinger Project Manager: Arturo Nakasone Collaborating Institutions:

How can OpenEnergySim contribute to Green ITS? In Japan, about 19% of CO 2 emissions are attributed to transport (incl. 90% for road traffic) Japan for Sustainability (JFS) Newsletter No. 95, July 2010 ► Intelligent Transport System (ITS) strategies can significantly reduce CO 2 emissions of vehicles. However, it is not yet achieved because: The impact of ITS is highly dependent on driver acceptance/compliance rates No low-cost yet effective method to investigate the impact of energy-saving ITS on driver behavior No convenient collaboration platform to compare results of “green” ITS at an international level Novel Platform We propose OpenEnergySim , an online multi-user three-dimensional (3D) simulation space for Green ITS based on the emerging 3D Internet OpenEnergySim serves 3 key functions in one single online environment: Int‟l collaboration space based ① ② ③ Simulation of traffic and CO 2 Multi-user immersive driving in emission simulated traffic network on shared sources ► Intuitive understanding of ► Large-scale data collection ► Easy comparison of effects of sources of CO 2 emission for Green ITS at low cost ITS on CO 2 emission reduction ► Eco-driving education Investigation of inter-driver interaction becomes possible!

Reliable Estimation of Impact of ITS on CO 2 Emission Local calibration of TS & Creation of Behavioral Database for Green ITS “Human Factor” is key problem: do drivers comply to ITS measures (e.g. route information)? Available methods for “human factor” are insufficient: Web-based survey methods (text or 2D picture based) have low validity Driving simulator cockpits are prohibitively expensive & only one driver possible Build Large- Behavioral driver Scale DB data:  driving patterns  decision making Computation of Traffic Simulation & CO 2 Emission Large Traffic Simulation (TS) Model CO 2 Emission Model ① (Re)computation DB Re-calibration of TS model Traditional Cycle “In - world” ② Visualization & Application of ITS ③ Assessment of ITS Large-scale Survey Immersive Traffic Network Simultaneous Immersive Driving Local Calibration of Multiple Users Visualization of Traffic Interactive Installation Parameter Estimation of Simulation & CO2 Emission of Green ITS Measures Learning in “Human Factor” Driver Models Why is CO 2 emission high? How do drivers respond to ITS? Virtual Kashiwa-City Interchange Intersections LaLaport User’s avatar Human Drivers  Experts can manipulate  Inspect adequacy of TS model ITS effectors interactively  Discover sources of CO 2 emission

Comparative Validation of Impact of ITS on CO 2 Emission OpenEnergySim as international standardization framework (JP, EU, USA) International Validation International Collaboration Miniature Traffic Net Immersive Traffic Net Reference Models Low Requirement  Int‟l evaluation framework Level : for drafting future ITS  Internet E.g.: Combining CO 2 model (US) standards and Traffic Simulation model (JP) connection  Viewer (free Goal: TS and CO 2 emission models software) Standardized,  Game wheel TS CO 2 TS CO 2 TS CO 2 internationally PATH CMEM Avenue JARI TU Delft PHEM controller validated methods (optional) for assessing the impact of ITS on CO 2 emission Real-time communication based on shared sources Comparing the effect of ITS and different TS & CO 2 emission models side-by-side Should I move the OpenSim sensor more to the left? I think it‟s fine. Servers Should I move the sensor more to the left? UDP OpenEnergySim Region Client Client Client I think it‟s fine. Towards Optimal Carbon Trading Scheme For effective carbon trading >> participants have to trust the measurements of others (Prisoner‟s dilemma) >> OpenEnergySim guarantees measurement transparency >> mutual trust User User User avatar avatar avatar

Kashiwa-City as Testbed for Social Experiment, Education & Collaboration Social Experiment : test compliance rates of drivers to ITS measures and its effect on CO 2 emission at intersection and LaLaport Validation of high-level decision making through large sample size Eco-driving Education : EneMeter (“Energy Meter”) teaches green driving to next generation of drivers Aggregated visualization of CO 2 emission EneMeter CO 2 emission sign on top of each car Will drivers comply to the “Park & Ride” Variable How will traffic induced by Pedestrian participation in the “Park & Ride” VMS affect Message Sign (VMS) at LaLaport CO 2 emission at the the Interchange? intersection? How will the increased traffic in LaLaport affect CO 2 emission, bus schedules, and pedestrian security?

Multi- Continent Immersive Driving & “Car Following” Study Feasibility of large-scale data collection “Car Following” experiment (8/2010): Low Requirement Level : Feasibility study for global behavioral  Internet connection & Viewer (free software)  Game wheel controller (optional) data collection Round-trip delay time (RTT) ITS Simulation Server OpenEnergySim 3.5 ms (avg.) OpenScience Technology 118 ms (avg.) Drivers from 3 continents could follow Network Traffic Management each other without serious delays ICMP Traffic Validation of micro-level driving behavior (e.g. “car following”) by 100 ms (avg.) comparison to real-world data “Car following” study (domestic setup) Comparison to Gipps ‟ model for driving behavior Emergency braking due to drake-down on Interstate 80 Distance [m] Distance [m] Distance [m] Distance [m] leader leader sudden braking Experiment Experiment Gipps Model Gipps Model Time [1/10s] Time [1/10s] Time [1/10s] Time [1/10s] Smooth following behavior in VW – increase in headway when breaking Similar trajectories, but headway too small

Easy Scenario Authoring for Green ITS Maps (Topographic, Procedural Land Use, etc) Traffic CO 2 Emission Pedestrian Road Network Simulator Simulator Simulator Generator Example of OpenITSML ITS Scenario Specification <OpenITSML> <RoadSegment RSId = “RC24” Type = “ Highway> ITS Behavior Specification ITS Structural Specification <VWStartPosition X = 10 Y = 45 Z = 20 > </VWStartPosition > Road (Ontology, Interaction Rules (Geometry ,Topology, < NoOfLanes > 4 </NoOfLanes> Infrastructure Planned </RoadSegment> between Scenario Objects) Co-ordinates) (Roads, <Building BId = “B1200” Type = “Admin” > Buildings, ITS Authoring System <VWLocation X = 100 Y = 200 Z = 20 > </VWLocation> Vegetation) </Building> <TrafficLight TLId = “TS126” Type = “ IntersectionSignal ”> OpenVWML Execution Interface <VWLocation X = 120 Y = 245 Z = 20 > </VWLocation> < LightTimingLength > 60 Secs </LightTimingLength > Command Executor and <CurrentState > RedLight </CurrentState > ITS Content Parsing State Storage State Management </TrafficLight> Installment <Sensor SId = “S78” Type = “ CO2 Sensor“> (Traffic light, <VWPosition X = 150 Y = 145 Z = 20 > </VWPosition > VMS, Sensor) OpenAppCore Management Component <CurrentReading> 5 ppm/v </CurrentReading> <FunctioningState> Active </FunctioningState > VWML (VW Markup Language) </Sensor> <ComputerControlledCar CCarId = “CC123” > Computer- <Model Color = “ Red“ > Toyota Hybrid </Model> <CurrentState> FreeDriving </CurrentState> Controlled <CurrentVelocity> 50 Km/H </CurrentVelocity > Traffic Component VW Component <CO2EmmisionLevel> 0.0005 ppm/v <CO2EmmisionLevel> (Car, Manager Event Manager Database </ComputerControlledCar> Pedestrian) <UserControlledCar UCarId = “UC145” > Implemented OpenLibrary API Connector <Model Color = “ Blue“ > Benz E Class </Model> <OwnerAvatar FirstName =“ K.“ LastName =“ Gajan “> </Owner Avatar > OpenAppCore (VW Component Framework) <CurrentState> WaitAtSignal </CurrentState> User- <CurrentVelocity> 0 Km/H </CurrentVelocity > Network Interface Controlled <CO2EmmisionLevel> 0.00001 ppm/v <CO2EmmisionLevel> </UserControlledCar> Entities Avatar Environment World External Data < Pedestrian Pid = “P120“ FirstName = “T.” LastName = “ Imbart ”> (Car, Functionality Manipulation Interaction Connectivity <AssignedTask>Walk to LaLaport</ AssignedTask > Pedestrian <StartLocation> LalaPort Crossing </StartLocation> Avatar, OpenLibrary (VW Core Framework API) <EndLocation> LalaPort SubwayStation <EndLocation> Bike) Virtual World (VW) Environment </Pedestrian > </OpenITSML>