OIG/ HHS and State Sponsored Medicaid Audits Target: : Behaviora - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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OIG/ HHS and State Sponsored Medicaid Audits Target: : Behaviora - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Lesson ons Learned: OIG/ HHS and State Sponsored Medicaid Audits Target: : Behaviora oral Health Services July 15, 2014 Prepared for the Council by Susan Dess, RN, MS Crestline Advisors 1 2 Purpose Recent Federal OIG BH Audits


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Lesson

  • ns Learned:

OIG/ HHS and State Sponsored Medicaid Audits

Target:

: Behaviora

  • ral Health Services

July 15, 2014 Prepared for the Council by Susan Dess, RN, MS Crestline Advisors

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 Purpose  Recent Federal OIG BH Audits – NJ, WI, NY, MO,  State-Sponsored Audits- CA, NM  Recovery Audits  AZ Specifics  CMS Regulations, Expectations, etc.  Audit processes  Regulatory Changes  Compliance Best Practices  Medical Necessity  Implications to Arizona Providers and Readiness  Additional Information  Questions

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1.

Provide perspective and context to recent OIG and State Medicaid BH audit findings

2.

Specify the three aspects of compliance audits

3.

Present the risks associated with each aspect

4.

Identify the steps necessary to decrease risks

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OIG 2014 WORK PLAN & FEDERAL MEDICAID AUDITS

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They’re Coming……………… Pack Your Boxes

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 Target Audits: Medicaid

  • Atypical antipsychotic drugs for children
  • Inappropriate dispensing of Opioids
  • Continuing day treatment mental health services
  • Transportation services
  • Questiona

nable e billing for OP mental health h servi vices es

  • State reporting of Medicaid collections
  • SAMHSA reporting and oversight of grant program performance

 Target Audit: Medicare

  • Mental Health Providers – Medicare enrollment and

credentialing (new)

http://oig.hhs.gov/reports-and-publications/archives/workplan/2014/Work-Plan-2014.pdf

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 Audit A-02-12-01009/released 12-24-13

  • Most of New Jersey’s Claims for Supported Employment

Services for a 37 month period were non allowable (Community Care Waiver Program)

 Major Finding/CMS Recommendation

  • Medicaid division and most providers did not ensure that

supported employment services were documented or provided by approved personnel to eligible beneficiaries

  • State required to refund $6.9 M to Federal Government

http://oig.hhs.gov/oas/reports/region2/21201009.asp12-24-2013

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 Audit A-05-07-00036 / released 9-11-13

  • Most of Wisconsin’s Claims for Residential Care Center (RCC)

payments did not comply with Federal requirements

  • Of the $24 million Federal share $22.8 million Federal share) was

unallowable

 Major Findings/CMS Recommendation

  • RCC payments contain treatment services provided by youth care

workers and social workers that could be claimed as "other services" under the State's Medicaid Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnostic, and Treatment program, known as HealthCheck.

  • Refund $22.8 million to the Federal Government for unallowable

RCC costs claimed under HealthCheck

  • Work with CMS to identify payment and allocation methodologies

for claiming allowable Medicaid RCC costs under HealthCheck

http://oig.hhs.gov/oas/reports/region5/50700036.pdf

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 Audit A-02-11-01038 / released 9/5/13

  • Continuing day treatment (CDT) services provided by hospital-

based providers were not in accordance with Federal and State requirements.

  • CDT services include assessment and treatment planning,

discharge planning, medication therapy, case management, psychiatric rehabilitation, and activity therapy, among others.

▶ Major Findings/ CMS Recommendation

  • Certain hospital-based CDT providers did not comply with Federal

and State requirements

  • DOH did not ensure that the State Office of Mental Health (OMH)

adequately monitored the CDT program, monitoring required

  • Refund $8.3 million to the Federal Government

http://oig.hhs.gov/oas/reports/region2/21101038.asp

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 Audit A-05-12-00050 / released 6/21/13

  • $$21.4 million of the total $22.7 in Federal reimbursement for Medicaid

inpatient psychiatric service and disproportionate share hospital (DSH) payments made to Hawthorn Children's Psychiatric Hospital (Hawthorn) for claims with dates of service, July 1, 2005, through June 30, 2010 was not claimed in accordance with Federal requirements for inpatient psychiatric hospital services

▶ Major Findings/CMS Recommendations

  • The provider must demonstrate compliance with the basic Medicare

Conditions of Participation (CoP) applicable to psychiatric hospitals and Hawthorn did not demonstrate compliance with the special Medicare CoP during the audit period

  • Refund $21.4 million to the Federal Government
  • Identify and refund the Federal share of any additional payments made to

Hawthorn for claims with dates of service after the audit period

http://oig.hhs.gov/oas/reports/region5/51200050.asp 11

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 T, T, T

  • Themes?
  • Trends?
  • Thoughts?

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STATE SPONSORED AUDITS- CA, NM

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 July 2013 - DHCS Audits and Investigation

Division launched a statewide review of all addiction providers receiving Medi-Cal funding

 August 2013 - Medicaid Payments to 46

Addiction Treatment Clinics and 62 satellite counseling sites with-held

 Result -16 clinics referred to DOJ

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  • Provision of services not deemed medically

necessary.

  • Billing California’s Drug Medi-Cal (DMC) program

for services that were not rendered.

  • Hiring addiction treatment counselors on the

federal list of excluded entities and individuals.

  • “Copying and pasting” re-assessments, goals,

progress notes from one year

  • One BHMP approved services at 19 Los Angeles-

area rehab clinics with more than 1,800 patients and never met most of them.

  • Other medical directors caught approving

fraudulent care or were accused of negligence by the state medical board.

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 Medi-Cal launching an overhaul of its drug rehabilitation

program

 The Department of Health Care Services pledged a

multitude of changes including tightening rules through emergency regulations and using an “elite strike team” to detect fraud by mining data.

 The department also will ask the federal government for

permission to more radically refashion Drug Medi-Cal, part

  • f the nation’s largest Medicaid system.

 The report made public an internal audit that identified

weak rules, dysfunctional bureaucracy and ineffectual monitoring that left the publicly funded rehab program for the poor open to fraud and put patients at risk.

http://cironline.org/reports/medi-cal-agency-overhaul-drug-rehab-program-after-critical-audit-5777

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A pattern of serious concerns were identified by the state’s BH Collaborative in early 2012.

Deficiencies persisted for several years, but were identified through OPTUM BH of New Mexico’s implementation of a new software system

OPTUM notified the state’s Human Services Division, who informed the New Mexico State Attorney’s Office

NM contracted with an auditor

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 Public Consulting Group (PCG) audits ensued  CMS was notified of results  Medicaid funds for 15 BH agencies were

frozen

 15 agencies referred to NM Attorney General  13 Agencies were transitioned to 5 AZ BH

providers

 2 Agencies were fined and given technical

assistance by AZ providers

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 Under the Affordable Care Act (ACA), states

have more power to suspend payments whenever there is credible evidence that Medicaid dollars are being misused

  • States are expected to take sweeping action, “unless

there is good reason not to.”

  • “Authority is designed to stop taxpayer dollars from

going out the door when there’s a credible allegation

  • f fraud.”
  • Investigators and prosecutors have expanded latitude

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Fraud allegations were based on the following review components:

 Clinical Case File Audit

  • Case file documentation, staffing qualifications and

credentials

 IT/Billing Systems Audit

  • Billing systems and the protocols and processes

employed

 Enterprise Audits

  • Organizational structure, key stakeholders, third

party contracts, and other stakeholder relationships

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 Average error rate of 57.1% for 15 high

volume providers representing 85% of state’s Medicaid BH spend

 Significant levels of non-compliance with

state payment rules and regulations

 Poor documentation practices  Lack of safeguards against overbilling  Deficiencies in accuracy of clinical

documentation

 Quality of Care concerns

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 Software company prevented reviewers from

sharing system manuals

 Lack of audit trail for the creation of and

changes made to claims records in provider billing systems

 Lack of audit trail for any changes made to

the 837 reports prior to finalizing Automated Clearing House portal

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 Poor Quality Management  Lack of identified Compliance Officer  Compliance Officer not reporting to BOD  Lack of compliance oversight by BOD  Billing code selection or direction by billing

department

 Duplicative billing of funding streams  Conflicts of Interest not identified by BOD

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 Cross billing at different locations at same time  Cross billing multiple codes and double billing (individual

and group therapy at same time)

 Uncertainty as to who rendered services  Billed units did not match units documented on progress

notes

 Copying and pasting of progress notes  Up-coding of individual therapy  Excessive billing for psychosocial rehab  Forging clinical records to incorporate more time than truly

performed

 Billing of OP services the same day as bundled services

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 Assessments were not up to date (within last 12 months)  Incomplete critical information such as diagnosis  Substance abuse history missing for persons with dual

diagnoses

 Treatment plans were not up-to-date or individualized  Goals were not measureable and service-specific clinical

interventions not used to reach goals

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RECOVERY AUDITS

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Regulatory Authority:

 57808 Federal Register/Vol. 76, No. 180/

Friday, September 16, 2011/Rules & Regulations DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES/

 Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services

42 CFR Part 455 [CMS–6034–F] RIN 0938–AQ19

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http://www.medicaid-rac.com/medicaid-rac-activity/ Click on the state

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 The state is seeking exemptions from RAC audit scope  The AHCCCS has a contract with Recovery Audit Specialists (RAS),

which provides services that include detection, confirmation, and collection of overpayments. RAS reports audit findings at regularly agreed upon intervals and recommends corrective action.

 At the current time, the state-wide contract with RAS does not

address identification of underpayments, however the state will be working to address the inclusion of activities related to underpayments in the future.

 The state has designated Recovery Audit Specialists, LLC as its RAC

contractor through its existing state-wide cost recovery contract (December 2010)

 On 3/4/2013, the state issued an RFP for both RAC and Third Party

Liability services; proposals were due 4/15/2013

 In July 2013, the state awarded a contract to HMS to perform RAC

services

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 RACs keep about 12% of receivables  In the final RAC rule CMS estimated that

Medicaid RACs would recover the following amounts: YES, YOU ARE READING THIS CORRECTLY IN 2012, RACs COLLECTED $4.2 BILLION

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Year 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 TOTAL Total Expected Collection $110 M $330 M $ 480 M $580 $580 $630 $630 $2.13 B Actual Collection $4.2 B

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AZ BH SPECIFICS

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 Random “manual” or “automated” review

  • f clinical files to identify “systemic” or

“sentinel” errors and issues

 Review of billing processes and IT/billing

system rules to evaluate “audit trail”

 Evaluation to identify potential conflicts

  • f interest

 Review of Quality and Compliance

processes

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Provider eligibility Billing for services not provided Duplicate billing Excessive payments and “upcoding” for higher reimbursement of billed procedures Providing services not medically necessary Billing for services provided by unlicensed

  • r untrained personnel

Providing services that may compromise the quality of care Payments for unapproved transportation services Providing false certifications in claims process

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CMS EXPECTATIONS

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 Understanding of CMS definitions as

applicable to compliance oversight

 Grasp of the seven elements of compliance

requirements (Effective June 2011)

 Provision of medically necessary services  Application of best practices  Evaluation of effectiveness

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  • 1. Policies and Procedures
  • 2. Role of the Board of Directors
  • 3. Effective Training and Education for FWA
  • 4. Effective Lines of Communication for FWA
  • 5. Enforcement of Disciplinary Standards
  • 6. Monitoring and Auditing
  • 7. Prompt Response to Compliance Issues

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REGULATORY CHANGES

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Element ment 1 (Policies es and Proced edure ures): ):

 Specific provisions must be included in policies and

procedures/standards of conduct (e.g. non-retaliation policy) Element ment 2 (Comp mplianc nce e Officer er and Complianc nce e Committ ttee ee)

  • CO/CC must report on compliance directly to the

governing body

  • Governing body must:
  • Be knowledgeable about content and operation of the

compliance program

  • Exercise reasonable oversight for implementation and

effectiveness of program

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Eleme ement 3 ( Effec ecti tive ve Training g and Educati tion

  • n)

 Compliance and FWA Training and education

must occur upon hire/contracting and at least annually for chief executive, Board members, managers and for all FDRs

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Element 4 (Effective Lines of Communication)

 Lines of communication must allow for confidential,

anonymous, and good faith reporting of potential compliance issues as they are identified

Element 5 (Disciplinary Standards):

 Well publicized disciplinary standards that articulate

expectations for reporting and assisting in resolution of compliance issues, identify non-compliance or unethical behavior and provide for timely, consistent and effective enforcement of standards when detected

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Element 6 : (Monitoring and Auditing)

 Routine internal monitoring, auditing and identification

  • f compliance risks

 Oversight, monitoring and auditing of FDRs  Evaluation of overall effectiveness of the compliance

program

Element 7: (Response to Compliance Issues)

 Timely, reasonable inquiries into misconduct  Appropriate corrective actions  Procedures for voluntary self-reporting of potential

fraud or misconduct

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COMPLIANCE BEST PRACTICES

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 Meet frequently with managers and attend

business operations meetings

 Observe operations personnel in their job

functions

 Survey employees about attitudes towards

compliance; conduct focus groups, inquire during exit interviews

 Celebrate compliance achievements and

improvements of operational areas

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 Compliance Expertise on Board/Audit or

Compliance Committee of Board

 Board agenda includes compliance as

standing agenda item

 Board minutes document detailed discussion

and resolution of compliance issues

 Board regularly educated on and acts upon

compliance issues (e.g. CMS-issued warning letters, notices of noncompliance, complaints, etc.)

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 Compliance issues analyzed to identify trends  Incentives for compliance, and disciplinary

consequences for non-compliant behavior

 Centralized oversight over contracted

entities, and compliance terms (including monetary consequences for violations) included in FDR contracts

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Follow the issue through its lifecycle:

 Was the proper reporting structure in place to receive ad

respond to the issue?

 Was there a prompt response to the issue?  Was the issue resolved (including corrective action plan)?  Were necessary systemic changes implemented to ensure

issue does not recur?

 Was monitoring and auditing performed to ensure

corrective action was effective is resolving the issue?

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Indicators that you do not have an effective program

 Compliance reports not provided regularly to the

Board/chief executive

 Little oversight over FDRs (no monitoring/auditing)  No confidential/anonymous reporting  Employees afraid to report compliance issues  Little monitoring of operations; no or infrequent audits  Responds to incident but no systemic fix  Discipline inadequate / inconsistent  Allegations of non-compliance not effectively investigated  No systematic/overt efforts by senior leadership to build a

strong ethical culture

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MEDICAL NECESSITY

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 Diagnosis of a mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder

such as Serious mental illness (SMI), serious emotional disturbance (SED), or alcohol/drug dependence

 Disorder is current and diagnosed in the past year  Disorder results in functional impairment which

substantially interferes with or limits one or more daily life activities This means that functi tiona nal impairment rment in daily living activiti ties s must t be present sent in clini nical document mentation n – across s diagno gnoses ses in order r to establish sh medical necess essity ty

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 The Affordable Care Act and Medicaid “Balancing Incentives”

legislation this fall, requires description of a core set of functional impairments as a result of serious symptoms

 Routine review of relatively quickly reliable, valid criteria for

discerning medical necessity, and noting progress toward rehabilitation for the update of medical necessity and the level of functioning

 The GAF is “useful in planning treatment and measuring its

impact, and in predicting outcomes.”

 In addition, the GAF scale “may be particularly useful in

tracking clinical progress”(APA, DSM 4th Ed., pg. 32)

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 Medic

dical Necess essity y implies es focus on functi tion

  • ning

in three ee key y documen ments ts

1) Comprehensive assessment 2) Individualized service or treatment plan 3) Progress notes

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Use a standardized documentation system to support documentation of medical necessity. The following provides an example:

  • Comprehensive Assessment – Identifies treatment recommendations/

assessed needs

  • Assessment updates – Identifies new Treatment recommendations/ assessed

needs

  • Individualized Service/ Treatment Plan (ISP) – Links goals to specifically

numbered treatment recommendations/assessed needs

  • ISP Revision - Links goals changes in objectives, therapeutic interventions,

frequency, duration and/or responsible type of provider

  • Progress Notes – Links interventions being delivered to specific

goal(s)/objective(s) and identified client response and outcomes/ progress towards goal(s)/objective(s)

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If the intervention provided is not linka kable ble to a specific Goal/ Objective in a Individualized Service Plan (or IAP Review/Revision), it is not adequately ordered and therefore, not reimb mbursable ble.

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AZ BH PROVIDER READINESS

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 Develop an understanding of Medicaid and

Medicare compliance

  • Review available information
  • Attend conferences

 Be aware of CMS expectations for

“organizational compliance”

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Each provider organization should conduct a review of:

 Enterprise functions:

  • Policies and Procedures
  • Quality and Compliance functions (Compliance Plan)
  • Role and functions of BOD
  • Billing processes
  • History of rejected claims of encounters
  • Conflicts of interest
  • Staff licensure
  • Denial reports and trends

 IT System

  • IT system audit trail
  • Documentation system
  • Billing modules

 Clinical practices

  • Interpretation of medical necessity
  • Adherence to regulatory guidelines

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Based on results of organizational assessments

1)

Establish “organizational compliance” plan

2)

Create P&Ps

3)

Identify Compliance Officer and solidify reporting relationship with BOD

4)

Educate BOD on “compliance”

5)

Conduct random record audits

6)

Correct identified “IT” issues, enterprise and clinical concerns

7)

Prepare for CMS targeted areas

8)

Track and trend denied claims and error rates

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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

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 AHCCCS Office of the Inspector General

  • http://www.azahcccs.gov/fraud/

 Recovery Audit Specialists, LLC., is the state-

wide contractor for cost recovery services and serves as the RAC for Arizona. More Information can be found on the link below: Recovery Audit Specialists

  • http://www.azahcccs.gov/reporting/Downloads/Co

stRecoveryAudit_MethodApproach.pdf

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 Links to CMS information

  • http://oig.hhs.gov/fraud/docs/complianceguidance/CorporateResponsibil

ityFinal%209-4-07.pdf

  • http://oig.hhs.gov/compliance/compliance-guidance/compliance-

resource-material.asp

  • http://www.medicaid.gov/Medicaid-CHIP-Program-Information/By-

Topics/Program-Integrity/Program-Integrity.html

  • http://www.cms.gov/Medicare-Medicaid-Coordination/Fraud-

Prevention/MedicaidIntegrityProgram/Downloads/Medicaid_RAC_FAQ.pdf

 Link to national and local compliance conferences

  • Health Care Compliance Association
  • http://www.hcca-info.org/Portals/0/PDFs/Events/Brochures/hcca-2014-

auditcomp-brochure.pdf

  • Clark Hill BH Compliance Institute. Contact Thelma Pruitt (480) 684-1134.

Links to supporting documents and presentations

  • http://www.dce.ndsu.nodak.edu/conferences/pdfs/Presmanes.pdf
  • https://www.thenationalcouncil.org/areas-of-expertise/dla-20-mental-health-
  • utcomes-measurement/

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For additional questions please contact Sue at:

 Susan@CrestlineAdvisors.Com  602-502-0849  www.crestlineadvisors.com

THANKS!

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