Obesity & Climate Change Phil Edwards London School of Hygiene - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Improving health worldwide

www.lshtm.ac.uk

Obesity & Climate Change

Acknowledgements: Sarah Catherine Walpole, North Yorkshire deanery David Prieto-Merino, LSHTM Ian Roberts, LSHTM John Cleland, LSHTM Gretchen Stevens, WHO

Phil Edwards London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine

“The projected increase in world population during the next 40 years, which should reach 9.1 billion in 2050, calls for agriculture to significantly step up its productivity and production levels. Agricultural activities account for a substantial share of total greenhouse gas emissions and these are expected to increase due to population and income increases, diet changes and technological

• change. Together, these factors demonstrate the

urgency of implementing measures that favour actions and policies that simultaneously address climate change mitigation and adaptation in agriculture while supporting development objectives and ensuring food security.”

Global Action on Climate Change in Agriculture FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS

BMI distribution Canada 1978 and 2004

BIOMASS – data sources Population estimates by age & sex for each country from the UN Population Database Body mass index (BMI) estimates of average BMI by age & sex from WHO Height estimates of average height by age & sex from Demographic and Health Surveys Body mass (kg) = BMI x height2

BIOMASS – estimation (1) Biomass = Number of people x average body mass (kg) (2) Biomass of overweight people (BMI>25) = Number overweight x average body mass

• f overweight people

(3) Biomass due to overweight = (2) minus biomass of overweight people assuming that their BMI=25

WHO Region Adult populatio n (millions) Average body mass (kg) Biomass (million kg) % populatio n

• verweig

ht (BMI>25) Biomass due to BMI>25 (million kg) Biomas s due to BMI>30 (million kg) Asia 2,815 57.7 162,408 24% 4,265 449 Europe 606 70.8 42,895 56% 3,836 910 Africa 535 60.7 32,484 29% 1,464 340 Latin America & Caribbean 386 67.9 26,231 58% 2,431 585 N America 263 80.7 21,185 74% 3,297 1,187 Oceania 24 74.1 1,815 63% 191 46

World 4,630 62.0 287,01 7 35% 15,484 3,518

BIOMASS by World Region

45,000 jumbo jets

Great Pyramid of Giza (2,500,000 cubic metres)

6 Great Pyramids

12,000 swimming pools

Average body mass (kg) Biomass (million kg) % population

• verweigh

t (BMI>25) Biomass due to BMI>25 (million kg) Biomass due to BMI>30 (million kg)

58.8 272,408 (−5%) 22.3% 5,630 (−64%) 253 (−93%)

What if… we all became like the Japanese?

Average body mass (kg) Biomass (million kg) % population

• verweigh

t (BMI>25) Biomass due to BMI>25 (million kg) Biomass due to BMI>30 (million kg)

80.7 345,426 (+20%) 74.0% 53,090 (+243%) 18,789 (+434 %)

What if… we all became like North Americans?