NSF CISE Perspectives INFEWS, SCC, and CPS Programs National Science Foundation February 2017
Key Takeaways • Significant NSF investment in problems related to water resources spanning multiple programs and problem spaces • Innovations at the Nexus of Food, Energy, and Water Systems • Critical Resilient Interdependent Infrastructure Systems and Processes (CRISP) • Smart and Connected Communities (SCC) - Cities - Towns - Rural areas • Cyber Physical System (CPS)
NSF Investments Span Disciplines & Research Areas Cyber-physical Systems Human-Technology Interaction Resource Optimization Resiliency Data analytics Energy Networking Environment Public Safety Security and Privacy Sociotechnical Systems Health Transportation Learning Manufacturing Smart Health Urban Science Image Credit: iStock Cyber Learning Advanced Networking Education and Workforce Training
Food ood-Ener nergy-Wate ater i in SEES ES (Scienc nce, E Engine neer ering, a and d Educ ucation n for Su Sustain inabilit ility) • 17 workshop grants, approx. $1 M • Held across the country • Facilitate partnerships among researchers • Integrate Scientific Communities including other federal agencies; • Fundamental science and engineering research needs/questions • Supplements, approx. $6M • Awarded to existing grants (27) to incorporate F/E, W/E, F/W into FEW
INFEWS WS: I Inn nnovations a at the N Nexus o of Food, Ene nergy, and and W Water S Systems Growing populations, changes in land use, and increasing geographic and seasonal variability in precipitation patterns are placing ever- increasing stresses on the Amy Landis studies the feasibility of restoring soils degraded by industrial wastes and other critical resources of food, pollutants for growing bioenergy crops. Credit: Jessica Hochreiter/Arizona State University energy and water (FEW).
Nexu xus: S Sys ystem o of Sys ystems K. Carlson, Colorado State Univ. J. Crittenden, et al., Georgia Tech D. Aguscinata, Northern Illinois Univ.
INFEWS WS G Goals • Understand the FEW system (of systems) through integrated systems modeling; • Create methodologies for effective data integration/cyber elements; • Research innovative solutions; and, • Support education, workforce, and community development.
INFEW EWS P S Projects 2 s 2016 016 Track 1 – FEW System • Modeling Track 2 - Visualization • and Decision Support Track 3 - Research to Enable Innovative System Solutions Track 4 – Education • and Workforce Development
INFEWS/T3: S olar P owered In tegrated G reenhouse (SPRING) System - 1639429 Brendan O’Connor (PI), North Carolina State University Greenhouse overview, objectives, Wavelength & topics integrated into the selective project. solar modules Objective: Develop self-sufficient greenhouses by integration of semi- transparent, wavelength- selective organic solar modules with plant growth engineering and Irrigation system design optimization to control Thermal synergistically provide food and manageme energy sources while conserving Plant nt (HVAC) water. selection, management Energy Life-cycle polymer PV design Plant selection/ Solar cell Water / nutrient Economic fabrication Balance assessment synthesis engineering management analysis characterization Research spans a range of disciplines to achieve a new food-energy-water paradigm Credit: Brendan O'Connor, North Carolina State University 9
INFEWS Track 2 (CISE/CNS: Award-1639268) The sustainability-productivity tradeoff: Water supply vulnerabilities and adaptation opportunities in California’s coupled agricultural and energy sectors Open s source ce t tools f for cro ross-se secto tor, m multi- objecti tive d decisi sion- making u g under uncertain inty
INFEWS T Trac ack 2 2: The s sustainability-productivity t tradeoff: Water s supply v vulnerabilities a and a adaptation o opportunities i in Califor ornia’s c cou oupled a agricultural a and e energy sectors rs (CISE/CNS: S: Aw Award-1639268) 1639268) Central Valley Water Supply (MAF) Energy demand for water delivery (TWh) 15 2 Surface Groundwater Water SWP CVP Colorado River Aq Groundwater 0 0 Oct. Dec. Feb. Apr. June Aug. 1979 1989 1999 2009 % of T otal Electricity Generation Cumulative Central Valley GW Loss (km 3 ) 80 Natural Gas 0 Hydropower - 0 2006 2008 2010 2012 120 1965 1975 1985 1995 2005 2014 2015 These challenges Electricity demand for Reductions in Less surface water 4 3 1 2 are exacerbated groundwater use increases at the surface water lead leads to less by continued same time as when power is most hydropower and to greater use of groundwater expensive imposing financial groundwater greater use of overdraft burdens on irrigation districts and expensive gas farmers generation
Futu ture T Thoughts ts: : INFEWS WS • The teams are led by a broad variety of scientists and engineers • Scientists: geological, computer, atmospheric, anthropologists • Engineers: civil, computer, chemical, environmental, agricultural • Each team has at least three different disciplines represented • The teams have addressed the SYSTEM • F and E and W • Many of the team members participated in workshops • There are some international projects
Related I Ini nitiatives an and So d Some F Future T Tho houghts • Risk and Resilience • Critical Resilient Interdependent Infrastructure Systems (CRISP) • Smart and Connected Communities • Cyber Physical Systems
Natural Disasters show no sign of Decreasing
CRISP - Crit ritic ical R l Resilie ilient I Interdependent Infrastructure S Systems an and P d Processes 2017 Full Proposal Due Date February 8, 2017 (5:00 pm proposer’s local time) US DHS: National Infrastructure Protection Program (NIPP)
CR CRISP O Obje bject ctives 1. Create new knowledge, approaches, solutions to increase resilience, performance, readiness in ICIs (Interdependent Critical Infrastructure Systems) 2. Create theoretical frameworks/multidisciplinary models of ICIs, processes and services for prediction of complex behaviors 3. Develop frameworks to understand interdependencies created by interactions between physical, cyber, social, behavioral and economic elements of ICIs 4. Understand organizational, social, psychological, legal, economic, technical obstacles and enablers to improving ICIs 5. Undertake creation, curation or use of publicly accessible data on ICIs
Smart C Cities es a and I INFEW EWS (Innovati tions a at t the N Nexus of F f Food, En Energy, a and Water er) ) - conver erge a e at the Martian ian: The Martian A drama about optimizing the trades between food, energy and water … where “ smart cities ” research enables social well-being in an extremely tough environment – and the trades are not just economic but existential 17
NSF Smart and Connected Community Program • More than just smart cities – towns, rural regions • Advancing our understanding of intra- and inter-community social and technical dynamics- understanding the pulse of the community • Advances in modeling approaches to discover new opportunities for improving quality of life, expanding opportunities, and predicting the impact of new technologies or policy decisions on the community • Understanding community interactions with smart and connected systems and the role of social, behavioral, and economic, sciences • Advances in education and learning theory to prepare individuals to work across disciplines and tackle community, city, and systems challenges
CPS 2016 - Mapping and Querying Underground Infrastructure Systems • Developing models and methods to visualize, query, analyze, and share data on underground infrastructure systems, such as water, gas, electricity, and sewer networks, to managing risks and revitalizing aging infrastructure • Partnerships with the cities of Chicago and Evanston, IL to help the municipalities maintain and renovate civil infrastructure in a more effective manner • Multidisciplinary team spanning network analysis and CPS security to data integration and uncertainty to policy implementation and organizational Image Credit: Photo courtesy of EPA. behavior (Cruz, et al., University of Illinois at Chicago)
US Ignite: Networking Research and Application Prototypes Helped to build the foundation for the National Smart Cities • Initiative, and aligns with the US Ignite National Initiative Aims to promote US leadership in the development and • deployment of next-generation gigabit applications Two focus areas: • 1. US Ignite Applications: encourages the development of application ideas and prototypes that leverage or enhance advanced networking technologies 2. Innovating Advanced Networks for Future US Ignite Applications: supports fundamental research to Image Credit: Jeff Fitlow, Rice University advance networking technology and protocols Rice University's Argos Network: antennas facilitate spectrum sharing Cross-Directorate and Cross-Agency Solicitation: • NSF CISE and ENG with DOJ
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