IAEA Support to Japan on Decommissioning of Fukushima Daiichi NPS 1 st International Forum on the Decommissioning of the Fukushima J. C. Lentijo Daiichi NPS. IAEA. DDG-NS Iwaki City, Japan 10-12/April/2016 1 International Atomic Energy Agency
Content IAEA role to promote nuclear safety IAEA activities after Fukushima Daiichi NPS (F1) accident Peer review missions to assist Japan on Decommissioning F1 Efforts on remediation of off-site contaminated areas after accident of F1 Other IAEA assistance to Japan on F1
IAEA role in Nuclear Safety IAEA promotes nuclear safety in all nuclear facilities and activities, including decommissioning, waste management and environmental remediation. Key elements to promote nuclear safety: IAEA defines a universally applicable safety regime through the development of safety standards (SS) IAEA promotes the application of safety standards, through IAEA peer review and advisory services IAEA promotes international cooperation and transfer of knowledge and experience to developing countries IAEA supports the Convention on Nuclear Safety and the Joint Convention on Safety of Spent Fuel and Safety of Waste Management
Safety Standards Categories Fundamental Safety Principles Basic objectives, concepts and principles involved in ensuring protection and safety Requirements – Legal, Technical, & Procedural Safety Imperatives Elaborate on the basic objectives and concepts of SF-1 as they apply to a specific activity or facility – “Shall” statements Safety Fundamentals Guidance on Best Practice to Meet Requirements Safety Requirements “Should” statements Safety Guides
Summary of IAEA activities after accident Fukushima Daiichi NPS IAEA initial response Incident and Emergency Centre (IEC) activated in Full Response Mode Collect and analyse information and share it with the world Coordinate and provide international assistance to Japan and supply information to the public Assistance to Japan’s efforts on Remediation of Off -site affected areas and on Decommissioning F1 NPS Peer review missions Support to Fukushima Prefecture Seawater monitoring Periodic information and IAEA assessment Action Plan on Nuclear Safety (2011) IAEA Report on F1 accident (2015)
IAEA Action Plan on Nuclear Safety - Summary The purpose of the Action Plan was to define a programme of work to strengthen the global nuclear safety framework The Action Plan covered 12 key areas of nuclear safety with a view to integrating the lessons learned from the Fukushima Daiichi Accident Safety IAEA Peer Emergency National Operating IAEA Safety Assessments Reviews Preparedness Regulatory Organizations Standards and Response Bodies International Member States Capacity Protection Communication Research & Legal Framework Embarking on Building from Ionizing Development Nuclear Power Radiation
IAEA Missions to Fukushima on Decommissioning and Remediation 11 March 2011 Fact finding Mission to F1 Accident May 2011 IAEA international mission on Remediation of contaminated Oct 2011 areas off-site F1 (1) IAEA international mission on Mid-and-Long-Term Roadmap Apr 2013 towards Decommissioning F1 IAEA international mission on (1) Remediation of contaminated Oct 2013 IAEA international mission on areas off-site F1 Mid-and-Long-Term Roadmap Nov 2013 (2) towards Decommissioning F1 (2) IAEA international mission on Mid-and-Long-Term Roadmap Feb 2015 towards Decommissioning F1 (3) 7
Background of Peer Review Missions to F1 Decommissioning “Mid -and-Long- Term Roadmap” was adopted by the Gov. of Japan and TEPCO Council on Mid-to-Long Term Response for Decommissioning in December 2011 The Roadmap includes description of the main steps and activities to be implemented for preparing and implementing the decommissioning of the TEPCO’s Fukushima Daiichi NP S Roadmap revised in July 2012, June 2013 and June 2015 Government of Japan asked the IAEA to organize International Peer Reviews of the Mid-and-Long-Term Roadmap
Common objective of the missions on Decommissioning F1 To provide an independent review of activities associated with the decommissioning of Fukushima Daiichi NPS. In particular: o Provide advice and commentary on safety and technological aspects o Provide advice to improve planning and implementation of pre- decommissioning and decommissioning activities at 1F NPS o Facilitate sharing of good practices and lessons learned with international community
Specific objectives/scope of the missions The main objective of the first mission was an initial review of the Roadmap and a review of several specific short-term issues and challenges. The objective of the second mission was more detailed and holistic review of the Roadmap and mid-term challenges including the review of agreed specific topics. The objective of the third, follow-up mission was review of current on-site status & strategic plans for decommissioning and review of the progress and plans in several specific technical and non-technical areas.
IAEA First Mission on F1 NPS Decommissioning • Period : 15 to 22 April 2013 • Scope : Initial review of the Roadmap and a review of several specific short-term issues and recent challenges: • Current conditions of reactors and PCVs • Management of waste, fuel and fuel debris • Radioactive releases and doses • Site decontamination and working environment • Structural integrity of main buildings • Reduction of radioactive exposure of workers • Team : 13 experts: 9 IAEA staff and 4 external experts (Canada, France, Russian Federation, USA) 11
The First Mission to F1 Decommissioning
IAEA Second Mission on F1 NPS Decommissioning • Period : 25 Nov to 4 Dec, 2013 • Scope : More detailed and holistic review of the Roadmap and mid- term challenges including agreed specific topics: • Removal of SF and fuel debris • Contaminated water management, measures to reduce ingress of ground water to main buildings • Waste management • Public radiation exposure. Marine monitoring • Decommissioning programmes. Licensing. Technology development • Stability and reliability of structures, systems and components • Team : 16 experts: 11 IAEA staff and 5 external experts (OECD/NEA, Canada, France, Hungary, UK) 3 experts involved in preparation of the IAEA Report on 1FD NPP accident (IAEA staff, USA) 13
The Second Mission to F1 Decommissioning
IAEA Missions 1&2 on F1 NPS Decomm. Main Conclusions Final reports submitted to GoJ on 22 May 2013 and 12 February 2014 and published on: https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/final_report120214.pdf https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/missionreport220513.pdf Main conclusions Decommissioning F-D NPP is a challenging task that requires significant resources and innovative technologies Japan developed its efforts towards decommissioning the plant promptly after accident and has achieved good progress in its strategy and plans, and allocated necessary resources GoJ and TEPCO evolved to a more proactive attitude to address the many difficulties at the site Situation is still complex and there are still some challenging issues to be resolved to achieve a long-term stable condition of the plant. Japan adopted well-oriented set of measures to deal with it 15
IAEA Third Mission on F1 NPS Decommissioning • Period : 9 to 17 February 2015 + Visit 17-21 April • Scope : Follow-up mission and review of current on-site status & strategic plans for D&D and review progress in specific areas: • Management of contaminated water • Countermeasures against groundwater ingress • Removal of spent fuel and damaged fuel debris from Units 1-4 • Management of waste: storage, features of waste, identifying waste streams • Institutional and organisational issues: responsibilities, staffing and training, safety culture, communication with public… • Complementary visit: Additional information on measures against contaminated water, including rainwater, and efforts of communication • Team : 15 experts: 11 IAEA staff and 4 external experts (Russian Federation, USA, Philippines, OECD/NEA) 16
The Third Mission to F1 Decommissioning
IAEA 3 rd Mission on F1 NPS Decomm. Main Findings (1/2) New organizational framework to enhance management of 1F decommissioning at operational and at strategic levels New D&D branch of TEPCO (FDEC) to clarify responsibilities for decommissioning 1F Nuclear Damage Compensation and Decommissioning Facilitation Corporation (NDF) as a national authority to develop strategy for the decommissioning Situation on-site had been improved since last IAEA mission 2013: Successful completion of spent fuel removal in U4 Improvement of systems to clean contaminated water New more robust tanks to store water Operation of underground bypass Clean-up of site, reducing radiological dose to workers Final reports published on: 18 https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/missionreport130515.pdf
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