National Monitoring Activities and Plans Ms.Htwe Htwe Win Assistant - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Asia – Pacific Mercury Monitoring Network Workshop Minamata, JAPAN June 22-23, 2015 National Monitoring Activities and Plans Ms.Htwe Htwe Win Assistant Director DEPARTMENT OF METEOROLOGY & HYDROLOGY NAY PYI TAW, MYANMAR 1

Content Introduction Background National Monitoring Activities and Plans -Monitoring site -DMH’s laboratory & Equipments -Wet Deposition monitoring -Dry Deposition monitoring -QA/QC Activities -Data and Methodology Future Plan 2

Introduction Location Latitudes = 9 ° 58 ′ to 28 ° 29 ′ N Longitudes = 92 ° 10 ′ to 101 ° 10 ′ E - Situated in the Southeast Asia - Total Area 678,000 Sq.Km (about) - Sub-tropical region - Annual Rainfall: Range 600 to 5300mm - Maxi Temp: 38 ° C (in Central Myanmar) During March and April - Mini Temp: 7 ° C ( in Northern part of Myanmar) During Jun and Feb Major four rivers in Myanmar Ayeyarwady, Chindwin, Thanlwin and Sittaung

Background • The Laboratory of Department of Meteorology and Hydrology (DMH) has been established since 1998. • In 2003, DMH started rain water collection by buck sampler at Yangon. • Myanmar has joined Acid Deposition Monitoring Network in East Asia (EANET) in 2005 and Myanmar became the participating country of EANET. • After Myanmar became member country of EANET, DMH is designated as National Center for EANET. • Yangon (Kaba-Aye) was chosen as an Urban site for wet deposition monitoring in 2006. • Network Center of EANET, Acid Deposition and Oxidant Research Center(ADORC), now Asia Center for Air Pollution Research Center (ACAP) has provided a Horiba pH/COND meter to measure the rain water samples. • ADORC provided the two equipments in April 2007. There are Wet Sampler and Digital Balance. After, the systematic rain water collection by Wet Sampler was started in June 2007 . 4

• In July 2009, JICA provided two instruments, Ion chromatography and Ultrapure water production system. • Rain water samples are analyzed by IC (Ion chromatography) once a month. + , Na + , K + , Ca 2+ ,Mg 2+ ), Anion-(SO 4 2 - ,NO 3 - ,CL - ) Cation- (NH 4 • In 2011, DMH extended to monitor for air pollution because air pollution problem is being faced in urban community, urban human health, properties and the environment. So, it is necessary to prevent the impact of air pollution. DMH received Filter Pack Method Sampler which Asia Center for Air Pollution Research Center (ACAP) provided to conduct the air pollutant concentration . • Air quality monitoring have been started at Yangon (Kaba- Aye)Urban site since 15 th November 2011. • Sampling is taken for air concentration by filter pack method sampler biweekly. 5

National Monitoring Activities • Monitoring Site Site Name Yangon N (Kaba-Aye, DMH) Site INDIA CHINA Classification Urban Site Latitude 16.5˚N Longitude 96.11˚E LAOS Altitude 21.7 m above M.S.L THAILAND Yangon Height of 7.62m Sampling funnel From the round level ANDAMAN SEA 6 Yangon ( Kaba-Aye, DMH ) Site

National Monitoring Activities DMH’s Laboratory

National Monitoring Activities Equipments pH / Cond Horiba Meter Wet Sampler(19.6.2007) Electric Balance (27.11.2009) Filter Pack Sampler (2011) Water Purification (2014) Ion Chromatography 8 (27.11.2009)

National Monitoring Activities Wet Deposition Monitoring Yangon (Kaba Aye - DMH) was chosen as an Urban site for wet and dry deposition monitoring. Set up - started in 2007 Sampling Interval - Daily Collection Weekly Composite Measurement Parameters - pH, EC + , Na + , K + , Ca + , Mg 2+ - NH 4 2 - , NO 3 - , CL - - SO 4 9 Collection Weighing Measuring

National Monitoring Activity Dry Deposition Monitoring Set up : started in Nov 2011 Sampling Interval : Biweekly + , Na + , K+,Ca 2+ ,Mg 2+ Parameters Cations :NH 4 Anions : SO 4 2 - , NO 3 - , CL - Ion Analysis : Once a month Preparing 10 Fitting Filtering

National Monitoring Activities Dry Deposition Monitoring Four-stage filterpack sampler 11

Methodology F our-stage filter pack 4th NH 3 (F3) 4th filter(F3) Acid impregnated cellulose by H 3 PO 4 NH 3 3rd SO 2 HCl (F2) 3rd filter(F2) Alkali impregnated cellulose by K 2 CO 3 SO 2 , HCl,NH 3 2nd 2 nd filter (F1) Polyamide SO 2 HNO 3 HCl NH 3 (F1) SO 2 , HNO 3 , HCl, NH 3 1 st filter (F0) PTFE 1st Aerosols ( polytetrafluoro- (FO) ethylene) Air Flow Aerosols, SO 2 , HNO 3 , HCl, Air Flow NH 3 12

Wet & Dry Deposition Monitoring Ion Analysis for wet and dry deposition Ion Analysis Data recording and reporting 13

QA/QC Activities - Made Standard Operation Procedures (SOPs) -Operation and maintenance of laboratory equipments -Calibration of pH meter -Maintenance of Sampling devices -Collection of Wet Sampler -Sample handing preservation and transport to laboratory -Field blank test -Test methods used in the analysis of required parameter for samples and quality control samples -R1 and R2 Check -Reporting of results 14

State of acid Deposition in Myanmar Annual means of pH and EC on w et deposition at Yangon (Kaba-Aye) Station Year pH EC Precipitation mS/m amount (mm) Min Max Mean Min Max Mean Min Max Mean Yangon 2010 5.75 6.85 6.49 0.36 8.75 1.13 8 192 88 (Kaba- 2011 6.20 7.09 6.52 0.30 5.28 0.94 4 246 102 Aye) 2012 5.83 7.10 6.60 0.31 4.50 1.54 3 246 78 2013 6.06 6.99 6.61 0.42 8.30 1.62 1 270 93 2014 6.00 6.98 6.69 0.42 5.73 1.28 4 295 103

Data and Methodology Rain Water Quality pH & EC mS/m in 2010 pH & EC mS/m in 2011 8 8 7 7 pH 6 6 EC mS/m 5 5 4 4 pH 3 3 EC mS/m 2 2 1 1 0 APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 0 JAN FEB MAR APRIL MAY JUN JULY AUG SEP OCT pH &EC mS/m in 2012 8 pH & EC mS/m in 2013 7 8 7 6 6 5 5 4 pH 4 pH 3 EC mS/m 3 EC mS/m 2 2 1 1 0 0 APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV 16 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

Data and Methodology Rain Water Quality Concentration of Cation for Wet in 2010 Concentration of Cation for Wet in 2012 μ mol/l μ mol/l 120 120 NH4+ Na+ 90 90 K+ NH4+ Ca2+ Na+ 60 Mg2+ 60 K+ Ca2+ 30 30 Mg2+ 0 APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV 0 MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Concentration of Cation for Wet in 2013 Concentration of Cation for Wet in 2011 μ mol/l μ mol/l 120 120 90 NH4+ NH4+ 90 Na+ Na+ 60 K+ 60 K+ Ca2+ 30 Ca2+ 30 Mg2+ Mg2+ 0 17 0 FEB MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT

Data and Methodology Rain Water Quality Concentration of Anion for Wet in 2010 Concentration of Anion for Wet in 2012 μ mol/l μ mol/l 250 250 200 200 150 150 SO42- SO42- NO3- 100 NO3- 100 Cl- Cl- 50 50 0 0 MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV Concentration of Anion for Wet in 2011 Concentration of Anion for Wet in 2013 μ mol/l μ mol/l 250 250 SO42- 200 200 NO3- Cl- 150 150 SO42- NO3- 100 100 Cl- 50 50 0 0 FEB MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 18 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT

Data and Methodology Air Quality Concentration of Anion (Partical) for Dry Concentration of Anion (Partical) for Dry in 2012 nmol/m 3 in 2013 nmol/m 3 100 100 80 80 60 60 40 40 SO42- SO42- 20 20 NO3- NO3- 0 0 Cl- Cl- JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUNE JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT Concentration of Cation (Partical) for Dry Concentration of Cation(Partical)for Dry in 2013 nmol/m 3 in 2012 nmol/m 3 100 100 80 80 60 NH4+ NH4+ 60 Na+ Na+ 40 40 K+ K+ 20 Mg2+ 20 Mg2+ Ca2+ Ca2+ 0 0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUNE JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV 19

Nowadays, Air pollution problem is being faced in urban community. - Imposing threat to urban human health, properties and the environment. - To prevent the impact of air pollution, it is necessary to have reliable information on the ambient air quality in different activity zone. Relevant governmental agencies are : Yangon/Mandalay City Development Committee, Environmental Conservation Department, Department of Health, Department of Atomic Energy, Irrigation Department, Water Resources Utilization Department etc. 20

Future Plan • To upgrade wet and dry monitoring activities, installation of advance instruments, technology transfer, public awareness activities, so on. • To install PM 2.5 and O 3 monitoring instrument at DMH site by own government budget. • Myanmar will initiate the monitoring of inland and aquatic environment and soil and vegetation in the near future. • To cooperate and collaboration with other relevant departments and international organization. 21

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