MYRRHA Technology Development for the realisation of ADS in EU: Current Status & Prospects for Realisation H. Aït Abderrahim, P. Baeten, D. De Bruyn On behalf of the MYRRHA & FP7 CDT Teams H. Aït Abderrahim, Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators, October 19-21, 2009 1/27 Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, USA
Outline • Genesis of the idea of ADS at SCK•CEN • International reviewing • Design evolution • Components of present design • Towards implementation • Conclusions H. Aït Abderrahim, Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators, October 19-21, 2009 2/27 Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, USA
Genesis of MYRRHA project and its evolution Transmutation Non Energy Post BR2 ADONIS Applications 1994-96 1994-96 1995 1994 RI 1995 H 2 MYRRHA Project (1998-2004) Gen.IV LFR from 2005 2002 GIF XT-ADS in EUROTRANS present MYRRHA Project H. Aït Abderrahim, Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators, October 19-21, 2009 3/27 Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, USA
MYRRHA international reviewing ● 2001: International Strategic Guidance Committee ● 2002: International Technical Guidance Committee ● 2003: Review by Russian Lead Reactor Technology Experts (ISTC#2552p project) ● 2005: Conclusions of the European Commission FP5 Project PDS-XADS (2001-2004) ● 2006: European Commission FP6 Project EUROTRANS (2005-2009): Conclusions of Review and Justification of the main options of XT-ADS starting from MYRRHA ● 2007: International Assessment Meeting of the Advanced Nuclear Systems Institute ● 2008: European Commission FP7 Project Central Design Team (CDT) at Mol for MYRRHA detailed design ● 2009: OECD/NEA MIRT (MYRRHA International Review Team) on request of Belgian Gov. in view of decision for funding H. Aït Abderrahim, Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators, October 19-21, 2009 4/27 Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, USA
MYRRHA design evolution Draft 2 XT-ADS XT-ADS-HF FASTEF 2005 2006-2009 end 2009 2012 LINAC 350MeV LINAC 600MeV LINAC 600MeV Subcritical design High power Low power Low power Safety optimisation density core density core density core ‘ULOF’ and Low core power Low core power High core power critical 52MW 57MW 85MW operation Neutron flux Neutron flux Neutron flux 10 15 n/cm²s 7.10 14 n/cm²s 10 15 n/cm²s (>0.75MeV) (>0.75MeV) (>0.75MeV) H. Aït Abderrahim, Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators, October 19-21, 2009 5/27 5 Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, USA
MYRRHA/FASTEF objectives • To be operated as a flexible fast spectrum irradiation facility working in subcritical and critical mode allowing for: fuel developments for innovative reactor systems; material developments for GEN IV systems; material developments for fusion reactors; commercial services efficient transmutation of MA requesting high fast flux intensity (Φ >0.75MeV = 10 15 n.cm -2 .s -1 ); • To demonstrate the ADS full concept by coupling the three components (accelerator, spallation target and sub-critical reactor) at reasonable power level scalable to an industrial demonstrator; • To contribute to the demonstration of LBE technology and to demonstrate the critical mode operation of a heavy liquid metal cooled reactor as an alternative technology to SFR H. Aït Abderrahim, Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators, October 19-21, 2009 6/27 Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, USA
Core performances Parameter (unit) XT-ADS HF Core power MW th 85 W/cm 3 Active core average power density 246 n/cm 2 .s 10 15 Fast flux above 0.75 MeV ° C Inlet temperature 270 ° C Coolant D T 130 LBE Velocity (fuel rod) m/s 1.72 LBE Velocity (spacer-grid) m/s 2.50 ° C Temperature at clad surface 496 W/cm Maximum linear power 372 Pressure drop mb 1066 H. Aït Abderrahim, Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators, October 19-21, 2009 7/27 7 Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, USA
Subcritical core • k eff ≈0.95 • 30-35 % MOX fuel • Core height 60 cm x Ø 100 cm • 70 MWth Spallation Target Fuel Assemblies IPS H. Aït Abderrahim, Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators, October 19-21, 2009 8/27 8 Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, USA
Flexible Irradiation facility TFI SiC/He TFI T91/LBE T91/He T91/He MA MA SiC/He T91/LBE T91/He T91/He TFI H. Aït Abderrahim, Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators, October 19-21, 2009 9/27 9 Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, USA
MYRRHA Layout Inner vessel Inner vessel Inner vessel Inner vessel Inner vessel Inner vessel Inner vessel Inner vessel Cover Cover Cover Cover Cover Cover Cover Cover Core structure Core structure Core structure Core structure Core structure Core structure Core structure Core structure Spallation loop Spallation loop Spallation loop Spallation loop Spallation loop Spallation loop Spallation loop Heat exchangers Heat exchangers Heat exchangers Heat exchangers Heat exchangers Heat exchangers Pumps Pumps Pumps Pumps Pumps Diaphragm Diaphragm Diaphragm Diaphragm Fuel storage Fuel storage Fuel storage Fuel manipulators Fuel manipulators Guard vessel H. Aït Abderrahim, Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators, October 19-21, 2009 10/27 10 Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, USA
Confirmation of design choices Confirmations of design choices within FP6 IP-EUROTRANS by European Partners (2006-2009) (AREVA, ANSALDO, EA, FZK, CEA, CNRS and others) • Core specifications • General specifications of primary system • In-vessel fuel handling from beneath the core H. Aït Abderrahim, Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators, October 19-21, 2009 11/27 11 Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, USA
Spallation target & loop design • accept megawatt proton beam 600 MeV, 2.5-3 mA ~1-1.2 MW heat • fit into central hole in core (3 fuel hexagons removed) compact target off-axis geometry • match MYRRHA purpose as experimental irradiation machine flexible remote handling • survive (lifetime) Windowless design and off-centre spallation loop H. Aït Abderrahim, Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators, October 19-21, 2009 12/27 12 Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, USA
Windowless Target Flow FS1 Feeding system FS2 FS3 The spallation target zone H. Aït Abderrahim, Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators, October 19-21, 2009 13/27 13 Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, USA
Passive secondary and tertiary cooling system H. Aït Abderrahim, Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators, October 19-21, 2009 14/27 14 Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, USA
Decay heat removal system • Decay heat removal (DHR) through secondary loops 2 independent loops redundancy (each loop has 100% capability – min. sized for 3% continuous power) passive operation (natural convection in primary, secondary and tertiary loop) • Ultimate DHR through RVCS (natural convection) H. Aït Abderrahim, Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators, October 19-21, 2009 15/27 15 Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, USA
LINAC Layout • Ion source & LEBT • MEBT • ... • 352 MHz SPOKE LINAC • 50 keV • Earth level • Beam dump • 704 MHz ELIPTICAL LINAC 0.65 • 704 MHz ELIPTICAL LINAC 0.5 casemate • linac level (about -5m) • ... • ... • 90 • • 60 20 M 0 0 eV M M eV eV • target level (about -30m) H. Aït Abderrahim, Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators, October 19-21, 2009 16/27 16 Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, USA
Safety criteria • Fuel (MOX): no melting T < 2707 ° C for fresh fuel T < 2673 ° C for 100 MWd/kg burnup • Cladding (T91): steady state embrittlement 200-300 ° C T 500-550 ° C corrosion transient no creep rupture T < 800 ° C for max. 30 min Coolant (LBE): no freezing T > 138 ° C • H. Aït Abderrahim, Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators, October 19-21, 2009 17/27 17 Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, USA
Safety improvements in XT-ADS • Unprotected events addressed by improvement of natural convection core hydraulic resistance reduced level difference between core and PHX increased (1,2 m 2 m) • Boiling water HX instead of pressurized water HX to mitigate tube rupture consequences • Ultimate DHR by RVCS system H. Aït Abderrahim, Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators, October 19-21, 2009 18/27 18 Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, USA
Maximum clad temperature during a ULOF 1100 1000 900 800 T (°C) 700 600 MYRRHA_Draft2 XT-ADS 500 400 300 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 time (s) H. Aït Abderrahim, Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators, October 19-21, 2009 19/27 19 Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, USA
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