Music ic an and d Cult ltur ure e of the e Nin ineteen - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Iri rish Dem emogra raphics

Im Importa rtanc nce o e of th f the Pota tato to i in Ire Ireland

• Eco

conom

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al potat tatoes

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• High nutr

tritional al co conten ent

• Source

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for an animal als as as wel well

• Average

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• bs. of

f potat tatoes

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aily; y; wo women men & ch children en 10 lbs

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wnside: e: Wou Would run ou

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bet between ween har arves ests ts, cau causing g per eriod of f semi mi-star arvat ation

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Views ws of Iri f Irish Fam amine ne vi vict ctims f from Th The Lond ndon

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Illustrat trated N d News ws, 1 1841

Po Populat ulation

• n L

Loss i in Ir Irelan land

• Ir

Irelan and’s s populat ation ion in in 1841: 8.2 mil illion

• n;

1851: 9 mil illio ion (p (proje

• jected)
• Ir

Irelan and’s s ac actual pop

• pulat

atio ion in in 1851: 6.5 mil illion ion

• Tot
• tal pop
• pulat

ation ion loss:

• ss: 2.5

mil illio ion =1.5 mil illio ion die ied from

• m

hu hunger & dise isease ase; 1 mil illion ion emigr igrat ate

• 1.5 mil

illion

• n dead

ad amou

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20% of

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he Iris ish pop

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atio ion in in 1841

Nativist Violence

Archbishop John Hughes of New York

“Popery Unmasked”

Nativism in Antebellum America

Irish Domestic Servants

Work and Toil in America

Mary “Mother” Jones

• The slogan was commonplace in upper

class London by 1820;

• In 1862 in London there was a song, "No

Irish Need Apply," purportedly by a maid looking for work.

• The song reached America and was

modified to depict a man recently arrived in America who sees a NINA ad and confronts and beats up the culprit.

Recruitment Posters for Irish Immigrants, African Americans, and German Immigrants During the Civil War (Source: Civil War Treasures from the New-York Historical Society)

Immigrant Sentiments Regarding the War

(Source: Civil War Treasures from the New-York Historical Society

Immigrant Soldiers & Statesmen

General Thomas Meagher, Irish Brigade General Michael Corcoran, New York’s “Fighting” 69th Regiment & Corcoran Legion Union General Philip Sheridan

Confederates

• Young Irelander sentenced to transportation

to Australia after 1848 Rebellion. Argued, “the Almighty, indeed, sent the potato blight, but the English created the Famine.”

• Escaped to US in 1853, moved to South.

With outbreak of Civil War, he was the first to claim that slavery and abolition were not the cause of the conflict but simply used as a pretense. Equated the Confederacy with Ireland, as both were agricultural economies tied into an unjust union. The Union States and England were “the commercial, manufacturing and money-broking power ... greedy, grabbing, griping and groveling.”

• Two of his sons died in the war, and a third

lost an arm.

John Mitchel, Irish nationalist & Confederate sympathizer

My name is Tim McDonald, I'm a native of the Isle, I was born among old Erin's bogs when I was but a child. My father fought in " 'Ninety-eight," for liberty so dear; He fell upon old Vinegar Hill, like and Irish volunteer. Then raise the harp of Erin, boys, the flag we all revere— We'll fight and fall beneath its folds, like Irish volunteers! When I was driven from my home by an oppressor's hand, I cut my sticks and greased my brogues, and came o'er to this land. I found a home an many friends, and some that I love dear; Be jabbers! I'll stick to them like bricks and an Irish volunteer. Then fill your glasses up, my boys, and drink a hearty cheer, To the land of our adoption and the Irish volunteer! Now when the traitors in the south commenced a warlike raid, I quickly then laid down my hod, to the devil went my spade! To a recruiting-office then I went, that happened to be near, And joined the good old "Sixty-ninth," like and Irish volunteer. Then fill the ranks and march away!--no traitors do we fear; We'll drive them all to blazes, says the Irish volunteer. When the Prince of Wales came over here, and made a hubbaboo, Oh, everybody turned out, you know, in gold and tinsel too; But then the good old Sixty-ninth didn't like these lords or peers— They wouldn't give a d--n for kings, the Irish volunteers! We love the land of Liberty, its laws we will revere, "But the divil take nobility!" says the Irish volunteer! Now if the traitors in the South should ever cross our roads, We'll drive them to the divil, as Saint Patrick did the toads; We'll give them all short nooses that come just below the ears, Made strong and good of Irish hemp by Irish volunteers. Then here's to brave McClellan, whom the army now reveres— He'll lead us on to victory, the Irish volunteers. Now fill your glasses up, my boys, a toast come drink with me, May Erin's Harp and the Starry Flag united ever be; May traitors quake, and rebels shake, and tremble in their fears, When next they meet the Yankee boys and Irish volunteers! God bless the name of Washington! that name this land reveres; Success to Meagher and Nugent, and their Irish volunteers!

The Irish Volunteer

Come all you that hold true communion with southern Confederates bold, I will tell you of some men who for the Union in the northern ranks were enrolled; Who came to Missouri in their glory, and thought by their power we´d be dismayed; But we soon made them tell a different story when they met with Kelly´s Irish Brigade. Chorus: Three cheers for the Irish Brigade Three cheers for the Irish Brigade. And all true-hearted Hibernians In the ranks of Kelly´s Irish Brigade! You call us rebels and traitors, but yourselves have thrown off that name of late. You were called it by the English invaders at home in seventeen and ninety-eight. The name to us is not a new one, though ´tis one that never will degrade Any true-hearted Hibernian in the ranks of Kelly´s Irish Brigade Chorus You dare not call us invaders, ´tis but state rights and liberties we ask; And Missouri, we ever will defend her, no matter how hard be the task. Then let true Irishmen assemble; let the voice of Missouri be obeyed; And northern fanatics may tremble when they meet with Kelly´s Irish Brigade

Kelly’s Irish Brigade

The 5 Points: America’s Most Notorious Slum

The Role of the Ward Boss & Urban Political Machine

Sectarianism in Politics

Sectarianism in Politics

Irish Catholic Migration: Emigration as Exile