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Metaphor Magic Neil McMahon ABS International ABS International Challenge Your English May 11 2006 Neil McMahon International House 1 Definition: Metaphor is defined as the substitution of one idea or substitution of one idea or object

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Metaphor Magic

Neil McMahon ABS International

Neil McMahon International House 1

ABS International Challenge Your English May 11 2006

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Definition:

Metaphor is defined as the substitution of one idea or

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substitution of one idea or

bject with another, used to

assist expression or understanding.

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Simile or Metaphor?

1) Love is like oxygen: you get too much, it gets you high; not enough and you're gonna' die. 2) I say love; it is a flower, and you its only seed. 3) Television, the drug of the nation...

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3) Television, the drug of the nation... 4) Remember when you're talkin' to the man upstairs that just because he doesn't answer doesn't mean he don't care... 5) See how they run - like pigs from a gun... 6) Have you come here to play Jesus, to the lepers in your head?

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Dead or Alive?

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1. Is "the growth of the

economy" a dead or living metaphor? Why? A: Is "growth" exclusively for

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A: Is "growth" exclusively for living creatures, or does it simply mean "to become 'larger' or 'more'"?

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2. Is "raising his voice above the

cries of the opposition" a dead or living metaphor? Why? A: Does "raising" mean "lifting in

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A: Does "raising" mean "lifting in altitude" or simply "increasing”? Does "above" mean "higher in altitude" or simply "more”?

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3. Is the phrase "we are all in

the battlefield" a living metaphor?

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A: Really, honestly, are we in a battlefield...?

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4. Is "…in the fight against our

unseen enemy" also a living metaphor? A: Does the enemy have

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A: Does the enemy have qualities that can ever be seen? Can a human be a vehicle for the enemy, without being the enemy itself?

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5. Why is it difficult for us to draw

a clear distinction between dead metaphor and living metaphor? A: When a graffiti artist puts a "throwup" on the wall, are they

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"throwup" on the wall, are they a) tossing an object upwards against the wall? b) vomiting on the wall? c) quickly painting their name?

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1. Ideas and Emotions as Metaphors "When she said the secret word, the doorman slid out of the way." "When the computer crashed for the third time, Jason finally blew his cork." "The chairperson closed the door to further debate on the issue." "Her decision was pivotal to the future of the company." "The district attorney complained about the revolving door prison system."

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prison system." "Respect must swing both ways." "The judge pushed aside the defences' arguments." "She twisted the facts to get the teacher's permission to leave." "The management finally caved in to the union's demands." "What is your threshold for pain?" "It's curtains for the Boston Red Sox this year!" "The opposition folded, leaving the bill subject to pass into approval."

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Making Metaphors: Collections and Collectors

E.g. A mosaic of activities glued

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E.g. A mosaic of activities glued together by the metaphor theme. Art: An ironic sense of the sophisticated and crude in wedlock.

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A stew of activities cooked together by the metaphor theme. A hodgepodge of activities blended together by the metaphor theme. An orchestra of activities conducted by the metaphor theme. A troupe of activities choreographed by

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the metaphor theme. A flock of activities herded by the metaphor theme. A gathering of activities hosted by the metaphor theme. A salad of activities tossed by the metaphor theme.

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A dryer-load of activities tumbled together by the metaphor theme. A clockwork of activities synchronized by the metaphor theme. A spectrum of activities focused by the metaphor theme. A tour through the activities guided by the metaphor theme.

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metaphor theme. A blend of activities sifted together by the metaphor theme. A cocktail of activities shaken (not stirred!) together by the metaphor theme. A quilt of activities stitched together by the metaphor theme.

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Making Sense of Metaphors

An old flame. A shining example of democracy. End on a sour note. I'm so hot for her and she's so cold. She thundered into the room. An icy stare

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An icy stare The news inflamed her temper You've given me something to chew on! Plans are still a little hazy. A beacon for fellow workers. That man reeks of infidelity! The stench of failure.

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The words were music to his ears. My memory is a little cloudy. He found her behaviour unpalatable. A feverish pace. The author's gritty style. Her bubbly personality A rainbow of flavours.

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A rainbow of flavours. Her voice is beginning to grate on me. Love stinks! A glowing review. The high note of the evening.

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Making Meaningful Metaphor ANGER IS… LOVE IS…

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WORRYING IS… ENGLISH TEACHING IS… LANGUAGE LEARNING IS…

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Making Meaningful Metaphor ANGER IS… fire

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fire red energy parts of the body

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Making Meaningful Metaphor LOVE IS… food energy

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energy heat parts of the body music light fire

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Making Meaningful Metaphor WORRYING IS…

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spending money talking using energy

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Making Meaningful Metaphor ENGLISH TEACHING IS… a restaurant managing a football team

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managing a football team life a joke conducting an orchestra building a house

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Making Meaningful Metaphor LANGUAGE LEARNING IS… buying clothes

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cooking playing football keeping fit building a house a relationship

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Metaphor Systems In Speeches

darkest lit fire fire fire warms burns kindles

"...And as hope ………. hope, millions more will find it. By our efforts, we have ……… a ………. as well - a ………. in

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……… a ………. as well - a ………. in the minds of men. It ………. those who feel its power, it ………. those who fight its progress, and one day this untamed ………. of freedom will reach the ………. corners of our world."

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Metaphor Systems In Speeches

"...And as hope kindles hope, millions more will find it. By our efforts, we have lit a fire as well - a fire in the minds of men. It warms those who feel its power, it burns

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those who feel its power, it burns those who fight its progress, and one day this untamed fire of freedom will reach the darkest corners of our world.“

Premise:Freedom is a fire which starts as hope.

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note promise promissory note a bad check obligation guaranteed defaulted honouring insufficient funds insufficient funds bank bankrupt vaults

"...This ……… was a ……… that all men would be ……… the inalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. It is obvious today that America has ……… on this ……… ………insofar as

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America has ……… on this ……… ………insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of ……… this sacred ………, America has given the Negro people ……… ……… which has come back marked "………. ………". But we refuse to believe that the ……… of justice is ………. We refuse to believe that there are ……… ……… in the great ……… of opportunity of this nation."

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‘...This note was a promise that all men would be guaranteed the inalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honouring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check which has come back marked "insufficient funds".

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which has come back marked "insufficient funds". But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is

bankrupt. We refuse to believe that there are

insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity

f this nation.’

Premise: Opportunity is the currency of the American dream

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Top Ten Metaphors of 2005

1) (political) fallout 2) road map 3) tidal wave 4) fusion

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5) toxic gumbo 6) mix 7) catcher's mitt 8) iPod 9) housing bubble 10) storm

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"A ……… of controversy." "Sprite Re ……… Aruba Jam." "I've got a thousand songs in my ………" "The housing ……… has burst." "New Orleans became filled with a ………" "……… from the scandal."

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"The Gulf Coast is a ……… for hurricanes." "A ……… of generosity." "Unfolding the ……… to peace." "A ……… of technology and personality."

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"A storm of controversy." "Sprite Re mix Aruba Jam." "I've got a thousand songs in my i-pod" "The housing bubble has burst." "New Orleans became filled with a toxic gumbo" “political fallout from the scandal."

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“political fallout from the scandal." "The Gulf Coast is a catcher’s mitt for hurricanes." "A tidal wave of generosity." "Unfolding the road map to peace." "A fusion of technology and personality."

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Metaphorical Proverbs Time is the whole barrel The customer is the grease The squeaky wheel gets sucks

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One rotten apple spoils

ut of life

Suck the marrow money Seize king Life more than you can chew Don't bite off the day

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Metaphorical Proverbs Time is money The customer is king The squeaky wheel gets the grease One rotten apple spoils the whole barrel

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One rotten apple spoils the whole barrel Suck the marrow

ut of life

Seize the day Life sucks Don't bite off more than you can chew

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Mixing Metaphors She grabbed the bull by the horns, and ran with it. I've hit the nail on the jackpot. I'm shooting from the seat of my pants. You're pulling my leg over my eyes. We are treading on thin water We'll be there until the fat lady freezes over. This, as you know, was a burning question; and its

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This, as you know, was a burning question; and its unseasonable introduction threw a chill on the spirits of all our party. The critique shed light on the theory’s shaky foundations. One part of John hotly contested the verdict. As I put together the pieces the problem came into better focus.

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She grabbed the bull by the horns, and ran with it. To grab the bull by the horns

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To grab the bull by the horns To pick up the ball and run with it

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I've hit the nail on the jackpot. I’ve hit the jackpot.

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I’ve hit the jackpot. To hit the nail on the head.

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I'm shooting from the seat of my pants. To shoot from the hip

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To shoot from the hip To do something by the seat of your pants

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You're pulling my leg over my eyes. To pull the wool over someone’s eyes

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eyes To pull someone’s leg

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We are treading on thin water To tread on thin ice

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To tread on thin ice To walk on water

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We'll be there until the fat lady freezes over. Until the fat lady sings

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Until the fat lady sings Hell will freeze over before…

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This, as you know, was a burning question; and its unseasonable introduction threw a chill on the spirits of all our party.

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A burning question throw a chill on

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The critique shed light on the theory’s shaky foundations.

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Shed light on shaky foundations

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One part of John hotly contested the verdict. One part of John = separable body

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One part of John = separable body hotly = anger is heat

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As I put together the pieces the problem came into better focus. Put together the pieces = jigsaw

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Put together the pieces = jigsaw puzzle come into focus = microscope

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Useful websites

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Metaphors http://knowgramming.com/metaphors/ http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/think/

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http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/think/ methodology/metaphor.shtml http://eltj.oxfordjournals.org

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The End

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Thank you all very much...

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