Mark Winne www.markwinne.com win5m@aol.com; (860) 558-8226 Senior - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Mark Winne

• www.markwinne.com
• win5m@aol.com; (860) 558-8226
• Senior Advisor, Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future
• Books:
• Closing the Food Gap
• Food Rebels, Guerrilla Gardeners, and Smart Cookin’ Mamas
• Stand Together or Starve Alone
• Food Town USA (Island Press)
• Email John Cameron at The Book Haven: salidabooks@gmail.com
• 15% Book Club Discount for AgriSummit Attendees
• Books can be shipped

First Day of the Hartford Farmers’ Market July, 1978:

“What’s your favorite vegetable?” asked the Hartford Courant reporter. “Pork Chops,” responded the farmer.

“All You Need in Life is Ignorance and Confidence, Success is Sure to Follow” - Mark Twain

• Farmers’ markets went from begging for legitimacy to

having others beg them to open in their neighborhoods – from about 300 in 1970s to 8,700 today

• While they did not invent the Internet, FMs did set the

stage for the local food movement, growth of CSAs, farm-to-school, Whole Foods, farm-to-table/ institution/day care, farmland preservation, urban agriculture, innumerable value-added food businesses, public policy initiatives, and most importantly, the proper use of the plural possessive.

Local Food’s Growth & Impact

• Local food sales: $404 m. in 1992; $6.1 B in 2012; $20 B. by

2020.

• 75% of consumers eat local food at least once a month;
• 87% say local food is important in their choice of a retail store
• 65% say it’s important in their choice of restaurant.
• Federal funding grew: $800 m. in 2009 to 500 grants in 2013/14

supporting local food infrastructure

• 300 food hubs, thousands of CSAs, and 50,000 schools

participating in farm to school

• SNAP at FMs gone from $4m. to $22m.; Double-up Buck, veggie

scripts incentivize lower income shoppers (over $40 m. per year)

• Wal-mart local food sales from $404 m in 2010 to $750 m. 2018.
• 650 kinds of ketchup and least 2,709,223,476,903 kinds of salsa!

What We Now Agree On is Huge Progress!

• Large agriculture generally recognizes that organic

and sustainable production are here to stay, and that it has scientific validity

• The medical establishment recognizes exercise and

good nutrition reduce disease and increase health

• The marketplace recognizes “local food” has

growing economic value and strong consumer interest

• Non-profits and policy makers recognize that low-

income citizens should also be able to get healthy, local, and affordable food

“Thanks to the interstate highway system, it is now possible to travel from coast to coast without seeing anything” – Charles Kuralt

The local food scene has restored a measure of local and regional identity to say nothing of:

• Cultural expression, taste, health, personality, imagination,

community, sweat and body odor, funkiness, bare skin, sensuality, deliciousness, compassion, and companionship (Latin: “com” with combined with “panis” bread: breaking bread together) Local is an alternative to and rejection of the industrial food system as well as:

• Big box stores, food with thousands of frequent flyer miles tricked
• ut in gauds and bangles like a trashy Mardi Gras Queen; in other

words, everything my dear mother served me as a kid! Local food has given us a food story and a delightful cast of characters

Farmers’ Market Sign: “All Ye Who Enter Must Wear Birkenstocks and Carry a Committee-Approved, Caramel-Infused Latte”

• Farmers’ markets and the local food scene have

acquired the taint of “elitism” and the whiff of privilege

• Tension between two narratives: 1) Farmers can

increase their revenues and improve their margins while preserving farmland; 2) FMs will make healthier and more affordable food available in underserved areas and strive to be inclusive of lower income shoppers

• Local food markets allow farmers to become price

makers, but has that served all segments of the community equally well? That’s the struggle…

Conundrums and Challenges

• Does a robust food scene lift all ships, or are most people

clinging to the sides of the lifeboat?

• “There goes the neighborhood!” in response to the opening
• f a hip, new café; Rents go up, affordable housing decreases
• The farmers’ market manager said to a food bank CEO: “We

now have 5 kinds of goat cheese at the market!” who responded, “Our food bank gave away more food this year than ever before!”

• “In places like Spokane, Boise, and Reno…you have growing

wealth disparity, affordable housing problems, evictions and an influx of new immigrant communities…I advocate for requiring more from those who have more money than anybody can spend in 100 lifetimes.” Justin Farrell, Yale Sociologist.

“Left to themselves, economic forces do not work out for the best except for the most powerful”
 John Kenneth Galbraith Public policy has become the preferred way of balancing a playing field thrown out of balance by market forces Incentives to:

• Locate in socially and economically distressed areas
• WIC/FMNP
• Senior/FMNP
• Veggie Scripts
• SNAP incentives: “Market Bucks,” “Double-up Bucks,” “Fresh Market

Bucks”…

• FINI and GusNIP
• One Santa Fe market had 6 incentive programs
• Farmland protection programs

State Legislation (2012-2018)

Harvesting Healthier Options

• 91 bills enacted in 36 states & DC

from 2012-2014

• 9 states in South enacted bills

State Law Companion

• 40 bills enacted in 23 states & DC

from 2015-2018

Farm to School

• 209 bills passed in 46 states,

DC & 1 US territory

• 146 bills enacted, 63

resolutions

• 453 bills introduced

National Conference of State Legislators - Harvesting Healthier Options: State Legislative Trends in Local Foods 2012-2014 Healthy Food Policy Project – State Law Companion National Farm to School Network - Farm to School: State Farm to School Policy Handbook

Santa Fe FPC – The Agriculture & Ranching Implementation Plan

• Santa Fe County facing development pressure that

affected farm and ranch land as well as water

• “When I came onto the BCC in 2008, food and

farming were not on our radar screen. Today we have an agriculture plan.” Commissioner Kathy Holian speaking at 7/26/16 BCC Meeting

• SF FPC jumped on County’s 2010 Comprehensive

Sustainable Management Plan rewrite to include food and agriculture

• SF FPC was able to influence the County Plan to

take a pro-active approach to local food production

Public Procurement

• LA FPC and Good Food Purchasing Program

($150 m. of food purchased annually by LAUSD)

• New Mexico State Auditor Report on Spending

for Food Services: State and local government have $132 million in large food contracts –

• nly 12% went to New Mexico-based vendors
• “Support for innovative practices…such as

food hubs and pilot programs by government can overcome the challenges that make it difficult for local food vendors to compete for government contracts.”

Food Town USA: What Can Seven Unlikely Cities Teach Us about Our Food Systems (as told through a farmers’ market lens)

I wanted to:

• Demonstrate that “Good Food” is the new normal
• Consider the diverse ways that food influences a community
• Identify the factors that contribute to the development of a

robust food culture

• Understand how communities are meeting the challenge of

“good food” for all, i.e. “taking care of our own”

• Identify the challenges facing these communities

Alexandria, Louisiana

• Central Louisiana, 12 parish region, mostly rural with high

poverty and obesity rates

• Central LA Economic Development Alliance makes food and

farming central part of the area’s economic revival – has 3 full- time food system staff

• Attracting higher paying industries requires a high quality of

life that includes farmers’ markets, cafes, brew pubs, and farm to table restaurants

• Colfax Farmers’ Market and FINI/GusNIP support

Boise, Idaho

• Growing and relatively progressive city in one of the reddest states

in the nation (a thriving FM in northern Idaho copes with pro-gun advocates and anti-abortion protestors)

• Farmers’ markets(s) at the heart of city’s thriving food scene
• Inspired many new products (e.g. 12 new brands of hard cider in
• ne year)
• City government has provided funds for Double-up bucks programs

and support for a mobile farmers’ market to senior housing

• City planning incorporates food and farming into city’s master plan
• Janie Burns: a dynamic and long-time food and farm advocate

began her career making $27 on her first day selling at the FM as a prelude to many food achievements (e.g. Tomato Tuesday)

Sitka, Alaska

• Pop. 9,000 and very little arable land
• Only accessible by air and water; has highest food prices in U.S.
• Significant “subsistence food” issues for Native Alaskans
• “Planning Day” spawned a farmers’ market, several market

gardens, and several other food projects

• Farmers’ market only operates for 10 weeks (Opens at 10 AM

and was sold out by 11)

• Fisherman to School Program
• Favorite foods: salmon, herring roe, and beach asparagus

Portland, Maine

• If local food is a religion – and in Maine it is – then the farmers’

market is the Mother Church

• Portland’s farmers’ markets have been eclipsed by the

numerous food businesses and projects that they were responsible for spawning

• A New American farming program – Cultivating Community – is

assisting large numbers of refugees and immigrants, some of whom use the farmers’ markets as outlets

• City hall and a local food policy council are heavily engaged in

all of these food activities

• Opioid crisis: about 5 years ago – 1 death annually; now it is 1

death weekly, one of which occurred at the farmers’ market.

Lessons Learned

• Common concerns: food insecurity and limited access, diet-related

health, climate change, local economies, racial divide and inequity

• Most food activity today didn’t exist 10 to 15 years ago
• Food system awareness is growing
• Food was making a significant contribution to the local economy and

quality of life

• Local governments were engaged and food policy councils were active
• Individuals were the catalysts for change – “No history, only

biography”

• Millennials were playing prominent roles
• Entrepreneurism has been redefined – community supported
• Equitable food systems were being actively pursued

Recommendations for Local Food Activists

• Collaborate fiercely with other food system stakeholders
• Multiple interventions are better than single interventions
• Plan and set common goals with other stakeholders for your food

system

• Place pursuit of equity at center stage
• Engage policy makers
• Stress contribution of all local food activity to food economy and

community’s quality of life

• Look for positive contributions to dietary health and climate change

Sense of Completeness and the Limits of Desire

You can do lots If you know What’s around you No bull

• William Carlos Williams

Mark Winne

• www.markwinne.com
• win5m@aol.com; (860) 558-8226
• Senior Advisor, Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future
• Books:
• Closing the Food Gap
• Food Rebels, Guerrilla Gardeners, and Smart Cookin’ Mamas
• Stand Together or Starve Alone
• Food Town USA (Island Press)
• Email John Cameron at The Book Haven: salidabooks@gmail.com
• 15% Book Club Discount for AgriSummit Attendees
• Books can be shipped

Mark Winne

• www.markwinne.com
• win5m@aol.com; (860) 558-8226
• Senior Advisor, Johns Hopkins Center for a

Livable Future

• Books:
• Closing the Food Gap
• Food Rebels, Guerrilla Gardeners, and Smart Cookin’

Mamas

• Stand Together or Starve Alone
• Food Town USA (Island Press)
• Food policy resources at Center for a Livable

Future: www.foodpolicynetworks.org

Jacksonville, Florida

• In northeast Florida and the largest city by land area in the lower

48

• Riverside Arts Market (RAM) is at the heart of city’s very robust

food scene; 150 vendors located under giant spans of Interstate 95

• 3 years ago it purged all of its resellers; business immediately

declined but has grown steadily as the orthodoxy of local has gained traction

• City’s growing prosperity has paralleled the growing food scene
• There is a major racial divide and vast areas of the city are food

deserts, but a large Double-up Bucks program is partially bridging the divide

• Many urban farm projects are succeeding because of RAM

Get the book for 30% off using code WEBINAR at islandpress.org/books/ food-town-usa

Bethlehem, Pennsylvania

• 30,000 jobs lost when Bethlehem Steel shut down in the 1990s
• Arts and food drove the city’s revitalization
• Strong farming sector in the Lehigh Valley found renewed strength in

direct sales to institutions and at farmers’ markets

• Institutional support from universities, hospitals, restaurants, and a

charter school dedicated to the arts provided a synergistic redevelopment strategy for local farms and food businesses

• “Buy Fresh, Buy Local” organization
• Scholl Orchards: Survives because 70 percent of sales are through

farmers’ markets which also enables them to sell wholesale to universities, participate in a veggie script program at farmers’ markets, offer discounted prices to Meals on Wheels and the local food bank

Youngstown, Ohio

• Has a rust belt rap sheet a mile long
• No supermarkets in the city
• Mayor leading the way to attract food retail including farmers’

markets

• Effort to bring back former citizens with offers of cheap housing

(e.g. $15,000 homes). Some are farmers and food entrepreneurs

• A new downtown farmers’ market sold out in one hour due to too

few farmers and too many FINI incentives

• $1 million in FINI funds
• Many partnerships including one led by the Mahoning Valley

Community Foundation have placed food and new food outlets at the heart of their campaign

Santa Fe, NM County: 
 Four Elements of Ag & Ranching Implementation Plan

• 1. Protection of Land and Natural Resources
• Transfer of Development Rights: County

sets aside funds for a TDR Land Bank

• 2. Supporting Agricultural Operations
• Connecting Farmers and Ranchers to

Resources: New Mexico Land Link

• Agricultural Overlay: Supports agricultural

activities in specially designated areas

• Making It Easier to Produce Food: Season

extension structures, access to financial assistance and crop insurance

Fond Memories of the Good Old Days

• “What’s your favorite vegetable?” asked the newspaper reporter.

“Pork Chops,” responded the farmer.

• Grabbing the last ear of corn out of the hands of the well-dressed man

next to her, the elderly woman yelled, “Who the hell are you?” “I’m the Governor of Connecticut!” he replied.

• “What the heck is this?” “That’s a peach, ma’am.”
• “I’m gonna ticket everyone of these God damn trucks if they’re not out of

here by 2:00 PM!” said the nice police officer.

• “Wha’ da ya mean ya don’ grow bananas in Connecticut?”
• The young woman asked the farmer, “how do you prepare this eggplant?”

“Take me home with you and I’ll show you,” he replied with a wink.

• “I made $27 today!!!” Janie Burn’s first day at the Boise Farmers’ Market

in 1989.

in

Are Incentives Enough?

• Impact on eating behaviors may be short-lived and not

sustainable

• Other modalities such as mobile markets have become

popular

• Multiple interventions, sometimes known as “Surround

Sound,” have proven to be more effective at changing eating behaviors than a single intervention (e.g. incentives)

• nutrition education and cooking programs
• community and school gardens
• physical activity programs
• working with multiple partners
• But even good public policy interventions have their flaws

“Tell the truth, but ride a fast horse”
 New Mexico Cowboys

Total Value of FINI/GusNIP Awards 2015-2019 (Total $114.5 million exc. PPR and NTAES)

$18,838,446

This is not the definition of “equity”

FINI/GusNIP Award Amount per SNAP Recipient (2015-2019)

00 $ 4.00 $ 8.00 $ 12.00 $ 16.00 Michigan California National South Texas 0.1566 1.1609 3.02 6.3348 15.3089

Fruit and Vegetable Incentive Bills

• Kentucky: Healthy Farm and Food Incentive Fund (2020)
• Oregon (in progress)
• $3M appropriation for 2 years from general fund for SNAP matching program

at farmers markets, CSAs, and some rural grocery stores; $1 to $1 match up to $10

• Arizona (2018)
• $400,000 appropriation from general fund
• Incentives for $1 for $1 match up to $20 to purchase locally-grown items at

farmers markets, farm stands, CSA and grocery stores

• Plan, prepare and develop the infrastructure for incentive program
• Michigan (2017)
• $750,000 appropriation from general fund
• $1 for $1 match up to $20
• New Mexico (2015)
• $400,000 appropriation from general fund for purchase of fresh fruits and

vegetable at farmers markets

Santa Fe FPC, Plan, and Process

• The SF FPC assigns 4 of its 13 seats to city and

county officials (2 each)

• Information flowed freely between private and

public sector reps

• Increases visibility of food and farming among

elected officials; City of Santa Fe rewrote urban agriculture zoning regulations

• The County solicited input on the Sustainable Plan

and the Agriculture Plan

• Multiple plans were integrated: Food Plan; Health

Action Plan; Sustainable Land Development Code, Economic Dev. Plan, and 5 community plans

Santa Fe, NM County: Four Elements

• f Ag & Ranching Implementation

Plan

• 1. Protection of Land and Natural Resources
• Transfer of Development Rights: County sets aside funds for a TDR

Land Bank

• 2. Supporting Agricultural Operations
• Connecting Farmers and Ranchers to Resources: New Mexico Land Link
• Agricultural Overlay: Supports agricultural in specially designated areas
• Making It Easier to Produce Food: Season extension structures, access

to financial assistance and crop insurance

• 3. Promoting Agricultural Use of County Properties
• 4. Understanding the Capacity of Our Local Food System