Management Challenges of Context Management Challenges of Context- - - PDF document

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DSOM 2003 DSOM 2003

Management Challenges of Context Management Challenges of Context-

• Aware Services in Ubiquitous

Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments Environments

Heinz-Gerd Hegering, Axel Küpper Claudia Linnhoff-Popien, Helmut Reiser

hegering@lrz.de {kuepper|linnhoff|reiser}@informatik.uni-muenchen.de

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Management of Context Management of Context-

• Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Helmut Reiser Helmut Reiser

Management Challenges of Context Management Challenges of Context-

• Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Context Aware Service Context Aware Service

Context

Information characterizing the situation of an Entity (person, place or object)

Context Aware Service (CAS)

Adaptation of process behavior or content Caused by current context of entities

Contextualization

Process of adaptation of a certain service

Agenda

CAS Application Example Context Information Model Federative Organization Model

• Mgmt. Funct. Areas (FCAPS)

Deriving new management

challenges

At the moment: more

questions than answers

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Management of Context Management of Context-

• Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Helmut Reiser Helmut Reiser

Management Challenges of Context Management Challenges of Context-

• Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Application Example of CAS Application Example of CAS

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Management of Context Management of Context-

• Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Helmut Reiser Helmut Reiser

Management Challenges of Context Management Challenges of Context-

• Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Characterization of CAS Characterization of CAS

Wide variety of heterogeneous context sources Heterogeneous formats and accuracy Highly distributed in ubiquitous environment Context may have spatial or temporal validity Context as a result of

complex user specific

procurement process

Lot of different actors Higher level of mobility (infrastructural parts are mobile)

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Management of Context Management of Context-

• Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Helmut Reiser Helmut Reiser

Management Challenges of Context Management Challenges of Context-

• Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Context Value Chain Context Value Chain

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Management of Context Management of Context-

• Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Helmut Reiser Helmut Reiser

Management Challenges of Context Management Challenges of Context-

• Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Value Chain Characteristics Value Chain Characteristics

Different

information sources formats accuracy independent actors

Selecting „best“ context source ?

Not a single trace but several

sequences

in predescribed order in parallel event triggered dynamic changing

Value Chain Automation ? Context Definition Language (CDL) with formal Quality of Context (QoC) Sub-processes of the Value Chain as MOs

Value Chain

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Management of Context Management of Context-

• Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Helmut Reiser Helmut Reiser

Management Challenges of Context Management Challenges of Context-

• Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Role Model for CAS Role Model for CAS

Mapping of Value Chain

processes to role model ?

Context Provider:

Sensing

CAS Provider:

Contextualization Orchestration of value chain creation

Problems for Management

Independent actors =

self management cells

No „leader of the band“ No direct influence on foreign

business or decision processes

Federative organization model Automated interorganizational cooperation

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Management of Context Management of Context-

• Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Helmut Reiser Helmut Reiser

Management Challenges of Context Management Challenges of Context-

• Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Configuration Management Challenges Configuration Management Challenges

Orchestration of context value chain

Depends on the context information itself Based on dynamic criteria (e.g. mobility of users) Automatic adaptation to constantly changing infrastructure CAS provider needs integrated and automated configuration

mechanisms across

heterogeneous systems independent context providers

Classical service lifecycle not feasible for ad-hoc creation

• f user individual CAS

Hierarchy of lifecycles: Lifecycle for CAS infrastructure Micro-lifecycle for each individualized service instance CAS must be easy to use and configure for customers

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Management of Context Management of Context-

• Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Helmut Reiser Helmut Reiser

Management Challenges of Context Management Challenges of Context-

• Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Fault Management Challenges Fault Management Challenges

Technical deficiencies in sensor networks

Limited power, CPU, memory, radio energy, .... No mgmt. or alarming function Highly proprietary sensors

Capturing data from sensors unreliable (e.g. GPS indoor) Even fault mgmt. for sensor networks not trivial Deficiencies and „real“ faults in sensing Faults in procurement of context Fault Management must

Detect (temporary) absence of sensors Support configuration management Cover whole value chain and activate micro-lifecycle

Goal: Building an alternative value chain with same QoC

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Management of Context Management of Context-

• Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Helmut Reiser Helmut Reiser

Management Challenges of Context Management Challenges of Context-

• Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Accounting Management Challenges Accounting Management Challenges

Each user gets its own and (maybe) unique service Customers point of view:

Predictability and keep control on costs Price ceilings for certain CAS

Customer & provider: conservation of evidence for usage Ad-hoc service agreements Ad-hoc pricing Not the service defines the price, but the price causes the

type of service

Price-driven service adaptation; building the value chain Price-driven service provisioning Service roaming between CAS providers ?

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Management of Context Management of Context-

• Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Helmut Reiser Helmut Reiser

Management Challenges of Context Management Challenges of Context-

• Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Security Management Challenges Security Management Challenges

Classical CIA approaches do not fully fit

Confidentiality: Not all information sources known beforehand Data transmission uncontrollable by the context owner Integrity and Availability: Sensors are not designed for high availability Easy to disturb

Context is sensitive data; danger of user profiling Privacy: context owner authorizes and prohibits access to

her data; (informational self-determination)

Delegation of privacy mgmt. to CAS/security provider Automatically process able trust model Integrated and interorganizational security mechanisms

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Management of Context Management of Context-

• Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Helmut Reiser Helmut Reiser

Management Challenges of Context Management Challenges of Context-

• Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Aware Services in Ubiquitous Environments

Conclusion and Future Work Conclusion and Future Work

Context aware service provisioning:

Short (real-) time and user individual service adaptation Different organizational domains Context information determines service provisioning

Deriving new management challenges in a structured way At the moment more questions than answers Roadmap for further research in this area Future work:

Identification of functional building blocks for CAS mgmt. functions Investigation and concepts for interorganizational aspects Specification of a CDL Identification of universal QoC parameters