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Making Sense of Solving Linear and Quadratic Equations with Mapping Diagrams Martin Flashman Professor of Mathematics Humboldt State University CMC 3 Conference December 12, 2015 flashman@humboldt.edu http://users.humboldt.edu/flashman

  1. Making Sense of Solving Linear and Quadratic Equations with Mapping Diagrams Martin Flashman Professor of Mathematics Humboldt State University CMC 3 Conference December 12, 2015 flashman@humboldt.edu http://users.humboldt.edu/flashman

  2. Mapping diagrams provide a valuable tool • for visualizing functions and connects function concepts to solving equations in many contexts. In this presentation both linear and • quadratic equations will be solved using mapping diagrams to make sense visually of the functions and steps used in common algebraic approaches to these problems. GeoGebra will be used as a dynamic tool • to connect the concepts with technology.

  3. Equations, Functions, and Mapping Diagrams in Common Core Links: http:// users.humboldt.edu/flashman/Prese ntations/CMC/CMC3.MD.LINKS.html

  4. Mapping Mapping Diagram blanks Mapping Diagram blanks Diagram Sheets (2 axis diagrams) (2 and 3 axes) Work/Spreadsh Worksheet.pdf Spreadsheet Template (Linear eets Functions) Section from Visualizing Functions: An Linear Functions (LF) MD from A B to Overview Quadratic Functions(QF) C and DE (Drafts) GeoGebra Sketch to Visualize Solving a Mapping Diagrams for Solving a Linear Equation using Mapping Quadratic Equation Diagrams YouTube Videos Using Mapping Diagrams to Solving Linear Equations Visualize Linear Functions (10 Visualized with Mapping Minutes) Diagrams. (10 Minutes)

  5. Background Questions • Are you familiar with Mapping Diagrams to visualize functions? • Have you used Mapping Diagrams to teach functions? • Have you used Mapping Diagrams to teach content besides function definitions ?

  6. Main Resource • Mapping Diagrams from A(lgebra) B(asics) to C(alculus) and D(ifferential) E(quation)s. A Reference and Resource Book on Function Visualizations Using Mapping Diagrams (Preliminary Sections- NOT YET FOR publication) • http://users.humboldt.edu/flashman/MD/section-1.1VF.html

  7. Mapping Diagram Prelim • Examples of mapping diagrams – Worksheet 1.a – Make tables for m(x) = 2 x and s(x)= x +1 x m(x) =2x x s(x) =x+1 2 2 1 1 0 0 -1 -1 -2 -2

  8. Mapping Diagram Prelim • Examples of mapping diagrams – Worksheet 1.b – On separate diagrams sketch mapping diagrams for m(x) = 2 x and s(x)= x +1 x m(x) =2x x s(x) =x+1 2 4 2 3 1 2 1 2 0 0 0 1 -1 -2 -1 0 -2 -4 -2 -1

  9. Worksheet 1.b Mapping Diagram: m(x) = 2x x m(x) =2x 2 4 1 2 0 0 -1 -2 -2 -4

  10. Worksheet 1.b Mapping Diagram: s(x) = x+1 x s(x)=x+1 2 3 1 2 0 1 -1 0 -2 -1

  11. Mapping Diagram Prelim • Examples of mapping diagrams – Worksheet 2 – a. First make table for q( x ) = x 2 . q(x) =x 2 x 2 1 0 -1 -2

  12. Mapping Diagram Prelim • Examples of mapping diagrams – Worksheet 2 – a. First make table for q. q(x) =x 2 x 2 4 1 1 0 0 -1 1 -2 4 – b. Sketch a mapping diagram for q( x ) = x 2 .

  13. Mapping Diagram Prelim Worksheet 2.b. Mapping Diagram for q(x) = x 2 q(x) =x 2 x 2 4 1 1 0 0 -1 1 -2 4

  14. Worksheet 3.a.Complete the following table for the composite function f(x) = s(m(x)) = 2x +1 x m(x) f(x)=s(m(x)) 2 1 0 -1 -2

  15. Worksheet 3.a.Complete the following table for the composite function f(x) = s(m(x)) = 2x +1 x m(x) f(x)=s(m(x)) 2 4 5 1 2 3 0 0 1 -1 -2 -1 -2 -4 -3

  16. Mapping Diagram Prelim • Worksheet 3.b • Use the table 3.a and the previous sketches of 1.b to draw a composite sketch of the mapping diagram with 3 axes for the composite function f ( x ) = h ( g ( x )) = 2 x + 1

  17. Worksheet 3.b Draw a sketch for the mapping diagram with 3 axes of f (x) = 2 x + 1. x m(x) f(x)=s(m(x)) 2 4 5 1 2 3 0 0 1 -1 -2 -1 -2 -4 -3

  18. Worksheet 3.b Draw a sketch for the mapping diagram with 3 axes of f (x) = 2 x + 1. x m(x) f(x)=s(m(x)) 2 4 5 1 2 3 0 0 1 -1 -2 -1 -2 -4 -3

  19. Worksheet 3.c Draw a sketch for the mapping diagram with 2 axes of f (x) = 2 x + 1. x m(x) f(x)=s(m(x)) 2 4 5 1 2 3 0 0 1 -1 -2 -1 -2 -4 -3

  20. Worksheet 4 Mapping Diagram: q(x) = x 2 q(x) =x 2 x 2 4 1 1 0 0 -1 1 -2 4

  21. Worksheet 4.a Complete the following tables for q ( x ) = x 2 and R ( x ) = s ( q ( x )) = x 2 + 1 x q(x) R(x)=s(q(x)) 2 1 0 -1 -2

  22. Worksheet 4.a Complete the following tables for q ( x ) = x 2 and R ( x ) = s ( q ( x )) = x 2 + 1 x q(x) R(x)=s(q(x)) 2 4 5 1 1 2 0 0 1 -1 1 2 -2 4 5

  23. Worksheet 4.b • 4.b Using the data from part a), sketch mapping diagrams for the composition R ( x ) = s ( q ( x )) = x 2 + 1 with three axes. x q(x) R(x)=s(q(x)) 2 4 5 1 1 2 0 0 1 -1 1 2 -2 4 5

  24. Worksheet 4.b • 4.b Using the data from part a), sketch mapping diagrams for the composition R ( x ) = s ( q ( x )) = x 2 + 1 with three axes. x q(x) R(x)=s(q(x)) 2 4 5 1 1 2 0 0 1 -1 1 2 -2 4 5

  25. Worksheet 4.b • 4.b Using the data from part a), sketch mapping diagrams for the composition R ( x ) = s ( q ( x )) = x 2 + 1 with two axes. x q(x) R(x)=s(q(x)) 2 4 5 1 1 2 0 0 1 -1 1 2 -2 4 5

  26. An Old Friend: Solving A Linear Equation • Worksheet 5.a Solve a linear equation: 2x + 1 = 5 Find x.

  27. An Old Friend: Solving A Linear Equation • Worksheet 5.a Solve a linear equation: 2x + 1 = 5 -1 = -1 2x = 4

  28. An Old Friend: Solving A Linear Equation • Worksheet 5.a Solve a linear equation: 2x + 1 = 5 -1 = -1 2x = 4 1/2(2x) =1/2(4) x = 2

  29. An Old Friend: Solving A Linear Equation • Worksheet 5.a Solve a linear equation: 2x + 1 = 5 -1 = -1 2x = 4 1/2(2x) =1/2(4) x = 2 Check! ! 2x+1 = 2*2 + 1 = 5

  30. Linear Equations Use Linear Functions! Linear Equations Linear Functions 2x + 1 = 5 f(x) = 2x + 1 -1 = -1 2x = 4 1/2(2x) =1/2(4) x = 2 Check: 2x + 1 = 2*2 + 1 = 5

  31. Linear Equations Use Linear Functions! Linear Equations Linear Functions 2x + 1 = 5 f(x) = 2x + 1 -1 = -1 2x = 4 1/2(2x) =1/2(4) x = 2 Check: 2x + 1 = 2*2 + 1 = 5 m(x) = 2x; s(x) = x +1 f(x) = s(m(x))

  32. Worksheet 5.b Solving 2x + 1 = 5 visualized with a mapping diagram How does the Algebra: MD for the 2x + 1 = 5 function -1 = -1 VISUALIZE 2x = 4 the algebra? 1/2(2x) =1/2(4) x = 2

  33. Worksheet 5.b Solving 2x + 1 = 5 visualized with a mapping diagram Function: Algebra: f(x)=s(m(x)) = 5 2x + 1 = 5 “Undo s” -1 = -1 m(x) = 4 2x = 4

  34. Worksheet 5.b Solving 2x + 1 = 5 visualized with a mapping diagram Function: Algebra: f(x)=s(m(x)) = 5 2x + 1 = 5 “Undo s” -1 = -1 m(x) = 4 2x = 4 “Undo m” 1/2(2x) =1/2(4) x = 2 x = 2

  35. Worksheet 5.b Solving 2x + 1 = 5 visualized with a mapping diagram Function: Algebra: f(x)=s(m(x)) = 5 2x + 1 = 5 “Undo s” -1 = -1 m(x) = 4 2x = 4 “Undo m” 1/2(2x) =1/2(4) x = 2 x = 2 CHECK!  ! f(2)=5

  36. Worksheet 5.b Solving 2x + 1 = 5 visualized on GeoGebra Function: Algebra: f(x)=s(m(x)) = 5 2x + 1 = 5 “Undo s” -1 = -1 m(x) = 4 2x = 4 “Undo m” 1/2(2x) =1/2(4) x = 2 x = 2 CHECK!  ! f(2)=5

  37. Challenge: Solve 2(x-3) 2 + 1 = 9 with a mapping diagram

  38. Worksheet 6.a Solve 2(x-3) 2 + 1 = 9 with a mapping diagram Understand the problem – 2(x-3) 2 + 1 is a function of x. • P(x) = 2(x-3) 2 + 1 – Find any and all x where P(x) = 9. – 2(x-3) 2 + 1 is a composition of functions • P(x) = s(m(q(z(x)))) where • z(x) = • q(x) = • m(x) = • s(x) =

  39. Worksheet 6.a Solve 2(x-3) 2 + 1 = 9 with a mapping diagram Understand the problem – 2(x-3) 2 + 1 is a function of x. • P(x) = 2(x-3) 2 + 1 – Find any and all x where P(x) = 9. – 2(x-3) 2 + 1 is a composition of functions • P(x) = s(m(q(z(x)))) where • z(x) = x-3; • q(x) = x 2 ; • m(x) = 2x; • s(x) = x+1.

  40. Worksheet 6.a Solve 2(x-3) 2 + 1 = 9 with a mapping diagram. Make a plan – Find any and all x where P(x) = 9. – Construct mapping diagram for P as a composition of function : P(x) = s(m(q(z(x)))) – Undo P(x) = 9 by undoing each step of P • Undo s(x) = x+1 • Undo m(x) = 2x • Undo q(x) = x 2 • Undo z(x) = x-3 – Check results to see that P(x) = 9

  41. Worksheet 6.b Solve 2(x-3) 2 + 1 = 9 with a mapping diagram. Execute the plan – Construct mapping diagram for P as a composition of function : P(x) = s(m(q(z(x))))

  42. Worksheet 6.b Solve 2(x-3) 2 + 1 = 9 with a mapping diagram. Execute the plan – Construct mapping diagram for P as a composition of function : P(x) = s(m(q(z(x))))

  43. Worksheet 6.c Solve 2(x-3) 2 + 1 = 9 with a mapping diagram Execute the plan • Find any and all x where P(x) = 9.

  44. Worksheet 6.c Solve 2(x-3) 2 + 1 = 9 with a mapping diagram Execute the plan • Undo s(x) = x+1 5 1

  45. Worksheet 6.c Solve 2(x-3) 2 + 1 = 9 with a mapping diagram Execute the plan • Undo m(x) = 2x 5 1

  46. Worksheet 6.c Solve 2(x-3) 2 + 1 = 9 with a mapping diagram Execute the plan • Undo q(x) = x 2 5 1

  47. Worksheet 6.c Solve 2(x-3) 2 + 1 = 9 with a mapping diagram Execute the plan • Undo z(x) = x-3 5 1

  48. Worksheet 6.c Solve 2(x-3) 2 + 1 = 9 with a mapping diagram Reflect on the problem?! 5 1

  49. Challenge: Worksheet 6.c Solve 2(x-3) 2 + 1 = 9 with a mapping diagram Execute the plan with GeoGebra 5 1

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