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Location tracking Location tracking Engineering & Public - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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CyLab Location tracking Location tracking Engineering & Public Policy Lorrie Faith Cranor October 8, 2013 y & c S a e v c i u r P r i t e y l b L a a s b U o 8-533 / 8-733 / 19-608 / 95-818: b r a a t

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Location tracking Location tracking

Lorrie Faith Cranor

October 8, 2013 8-533 / 8-733 / 19-608 / 95-818: Privacy Policy, Law, and Technology

C y L a b U s a b l e P r i v a c y & S e c u r i t y L a b

  • r

a t

  • r

y H T T P : / / C U P S . C S . C M U . E D U

Engineering & Public Policy

CyLab

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Outline

  • Locating Technologies
  • Location Risk/Benefit Survey
  • Location-Sharing Applications and Privacy

Controls

  • Locaccino
  • How private can location data be?
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Locating Technologies

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Global Positioning System

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WiFi Positioning

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Cellular Triangulation

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IP Location

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Locating Technologies

  • Platforms

– Laptop computers – Mobile phones

  • Applications

– Advertising/Marketing

  • Location-based advertising

– Information services

  • Directions
  • Find the nearest …
  • Local weather, local events

– People finding

  • Meet new friends, play games, socialize
  • Coordination
  • Monitor kids, employees, elderly
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Location Risk/Benefit Survey

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Method

  • Conducted April 2008, n = 587
  • Provided list of use scenarios

– Rate the likelihood of scenario – Rate the magnitude of harm or benefits

  • Ranked each risk/benefit
  • Expected Utility = Likelihood * Magnitude
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Location-Sharing Applications

  • Not very useful
  • People are concerned about their privacy
  • Risks outweigh benefits
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Benefit Scenarios

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Risk Scenarios

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Location-Sharing Applications and Privacy Controls

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Privacy features

  • Most current location sharing services allow

sharing to be either on or off, per person

  • Many have a “make me invisible feature” (e.g.

Loopt and Brightkite)

  • Some have the ability to limit by location

granularity (e.g. Google Latitude and FireEagle)

  • Commercial services don’t have fine-grained

privacy controls or ability to see who is tracking your location

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Loopt privacy settings

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Loopt privacy settings

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Google Lattitude privacy settings

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Google Lattitude privacy settings

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Google Lattitude privacy settings

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Location-Sharing Applications

  • Reviewed 89 Applications in August 2009

– Date of Launch – Privacy Policy – Privacy Controls – Immediately Accessible Privacy Settings

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Privacy Overview

  • Types of Applications

– Open: Requested by anyone (52) – Closed: Requested by friends only (29)

Category Yes No Unknown Not ¡Applicable Privacy ¡Policy 66% 34%

  • ­‑
  • ­‑

Privacy ¡Controls 76% 17% 1% 6% Accessible ¡Privacy ¡ SeAngs 17% 75% 2% 6%

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Types of Restrictions

  • Friends Only (49.4%)
  • Granularity (11.2%)
  • Blacklist (15.7%)
  • Invisible (33.7%)

% of applications

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Types of Restrictions

  • Per-Request (2.25%)
  • Time-Expiring (2.25%)
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Most Frequent Controls

  • Friends Only (49.4%)
  • Invisible (33.7%)

% of applications

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Privacy Controls

  • Frequency of Restrictions
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Best ways to mitigate the greatest expected risks

  • Blacklist (16%)
  • Granularity (12%)
  • Group-based rules (12%)
  • Location-based rules (1%)
  • Time-based rules (1%)

% of applications

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Recommendations for developers

  • Need for more expressive privacy controls

in most applications

  • Providing expressive controls could reduce

concerns

  • Developers must balance expressiveness

and user burden

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Recommendations for users

  • Understand why you want to use location-

sharing application (social, coordination, etc.)

  • Find application well-suited to your needs
  • Configure privacy controls
  • Avoid public posting of your location with

your real name

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http://locaccino.org

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http://locaccino.org

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How private can location data be?

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Limits on anonymizing location data

  • Why is it difficult to anonymize location

data?

  • How unique is location data?
  • Strategies for using location data more

anonymously

– Example: monitoring highway traffic flow

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C y L a b U s a b l e P r i v a c y & S e c u r i t y L a b

  • r

a t

  • r

y H T T P : / / C U P S . C S . C M U . E D U

Engineering & Public Policy

CyLab