lium Cyst stic icer ercosis in sis in West ester ern Ken enya - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Taen enia ia so soli lium Cyst stic icer ercosis in sis in West ester ern Ken enya Lian Do Doble le Subtitile

Overvie iew  People, Animals and their Zoonoses  Preliminary Results  Regional Picture  Food Chain Risk Analysis  Pen-side diagnostic development  Free-range pig ecology  Future development of this work

People le, Anim imals ls & their ir Zoonose ses  Cross-sectional survey in Western Kenya  Multi-species  Multi-pathogen  Inter-disciplinary  Collaborative  413 comprehensive homestead surveys  370 homes visited thus far  1782 people  904 cattle  247 goats  81 pigs

Slaug laughter Sla lab Sur urvey  343 pigs sampled  March – September 2010  Licensed slabs  Lingual Palpation  Serology using HP10 Ag-ELISA

Prelim limina inary Result lts  Raw data presented at meeting removed – publications to follow later this year!

Region ional Coll ollabor borations ions (da data to be be pu publis blished d later)  Homa Bay (Kenya)  University of Nairobi  Farm based, multi-stage, random selection of villages  All pig-keeping homes within selected villages sampled  232 samples tested with HP10 Ag-ELISA  Lake Kyoga (Uganda)  Makerere University  Farm based, multi-stage random selection of sub- counties  House-to-house vists until minimum sample size per sub-county achieved  378 samples tested with HP10 Ag-ELISA

Food Chai ain Risk isk Asse ssessm sment  Determine the risk of any single pork meal eaten in Western Kenya being infectious with T.solium

Model l Struct uctur ure

Risk sk pig ig is is Infect cted wit ith T.so solium lium  Data from PAZ slaughter slab survey  48% Pigs positive on HP10 Ag-ELISA  Indicates pigs with viable cysts  Literature suggests no significant difference in prevalence between formal and informal slaughtered pigs

If pig pig is is inf infected; d; what is is the pr prob obabilit bility of of any ny one one meal l cont ontainin ining cystic icerci?  Based on experimental infection data (Sciutto et al., 1998 & Deckers et al., 2008)  Level of infection of pig  Dissection and numeration of cysts  Beta distribution for proportion  Proportion of meals infected in different infection levels  no. cysts/ 2kg pork  Average meal size of 0.25kg (assumption)  Uniformly distributed as little prior knowledge

Is s the pork k well ll co cooke ked?  PAZ homestead survey data  Any response bar ‘Brown throughout’ or ‘Fully Roasted’ = potential for undercooked (17%)  Beta distribution

Model l Out utput ut: what at is is the cur current st stat ate of af affair irs? s?  Data removed pending publication

What at ca can be done?

Pen-si side diag iagnost stic ic developments Benefits:  Relatively cheap & quick  Little training needed  Currently in development (ILRI/UoE) Barriers:  Requires incentive for use

How might this is tool l be use used in co control?

Fr Free-Ranging ing Pig ig Ecolog ology St Study dy  10 randomly selected pigs  Data removed pending publication

Summar ary  T.solium endemic in Western Kenya and areas of Uganda  Very high number of infective pigs slaughtered  Huge potential for infective meat to reach consumer  Several interventions have potential to reduce this risk  Exclusion of infective pigs using new diagnostic test is realistic and achievable

Which ich way ay now?  Finish laboratory diagnostics  Analysis of co-infection data and risk factors  No-gold-standard analysis of pen-side test

THANK YOU THANK YOU • Er Er Eric ic Fevre (PI) • Eric ic Fevre (PI) • The The ‘ ‘PAZ PAZ’ ’ team team am • am • Le Lesl Le slie ie Har arriso ison • Lesl slie ie Har arriso ison • Pie Pie ierre Dorny Dorny & Sar & Sar arah ah • ierre arah ah Ga Gabrie iel Ga Gabrie iel • Phil Phil il Toye ye • il Toye ye • BBSRC BBSRC • • Wellc Wellc llcome Trust ust – – • llcome Trust ust grant no. 085308 grant no. 085308 • ASARECA ASARECA •

And thank k yo you u for list listening! And thank k yo you u for list listening!